Extending the Internet Throughout the Physical World

1
Extending the Internet Throughout the Physical
World

• Keynote to
• The EC-US Taskforce on
• Biotechnology Research
• Arlington, VA
• Sept 9, 2001

Larry Smarr Department of Computer Science and
Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering,
UCSD Director, California Institute for
Telecommunications and Information Technology
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Towards a Global Biological Knowledge Grid

• Capture and Integrate Multiple Scales of Science
• Genomes, Proteins, Metabolic Pathways
• Cellular Systems
• Organism Models
• Ecological Systems
• Geographic Biodiversity
• Environmental Interactions
• Adapting to the Emerging Information
  Infrastructure
• Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime
• Distributed Sensors, Data, People, Computers
• From the Web to the Grid
• Highly Parallel Light Waves Through Fiber
• Emergence of a Distributed Planetary Computer

3
Dynamic Growth in Mobile InternetForecast of
Internet users worldwide
3G Adds Mobility, QoS, and High Speeds
Source Ericsson
4
California Has Undertaken a Grand Experiment in
Partnering
The California Institute for Bioengineering,
Biotechnology, and Quantitative Biomedical
Research
The Center for Information Technology Research
in the Interest of Society
UCD
UCB
UCM
The California NanoSystems Institute
UCSF
UCSC
The California Institute for Telecommunications
and Information Technology
5
The UCSD Living Grid LaboratoryFiber,
Wireless, Compute, Data, Software
Source Phil Papadopoulos, SDSC
6
The High PerformanceWireless Research and
Education Network

• Cal-(IT)2 Will Build on This Pioneering
  Experiment
• Add New Ecological Sensor Arrays
• Try Out New Wireless Technologies
• Data Analysis
• Outreach and Education

NSF Funded PI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC,
UCSD Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO, UCSD 45mbps Duplex
Backbone
7
As Our Bodies Move On-LineBioengineering and
Bioinformatics Merge

• New SensorsIsraeli Video Pill
• Battery, Light, Video Camera
• Images Stored on Hip Device
• Next StepPutting You On-Line!
• Wireless Internet Transmission
• Key Metabolic and Physical Variables
• Model -- Dozens of 25 Processors and 60 Sensors /
  Actuators Inside of our Cars
• Post-Genomic Individualized Medicine
• Combine
• Genetic Code
• Body Data Flow
• Use Powerful AI Data Mining Techniques

FDA Approved Aug. 2001
www.givenimaging.com
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Adding Brilliance to Wireless SensorsWith
Systems-on-Chip
Critical New Role of Power Aware Systems
Protocol Processors
Embedded Software
Memory
DSP
Processors
Ad Hoc Hierarchical Network of Brilliant Sensors
Source Sujit Dey, UCSD ECE
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Moores LawSimple 2D Shrinking Reaches End by
2015
Intel8080
1 million transistors
1000nm
Intel386
Intel486
Pentium
100 million
PentiumPro
Feature size (nanometers)
100nm
PentiumIII
IA-64
10 billion
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DARPA
Nanosciences
10nm
Molecular Electronics/ Quantum / Bio
3-D CMOS - HYBRIDS
1nm
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
2020
2030
2040
2050
?
CMOS
Bipolar, NMOS
Source Shankar Sastry, DARPA ITO
10
The Perfect Storm Convergence of Engineering
with Bio, Physics, IT
Nanobioinfotechnology
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Why the Grid is the Future
Scientific American, January 2001
12
Layered Software Approach to Building the
Planetary Grid
A source book for the history of the future --
Vint Cerf
Edited by Ian Foster and Carl Kesselman www.mkp.co
m/grids
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The Grid Physics Network Is Driving the Creation
of an International Grid

• Paul Avery (Univ. of Florida) and Ian Foster (U.
  Chicago and ANL), Lead PIs
• Largest NSF Information Technology Research Grant
• 20 Institutions Involved
• Built on Globus Middleware

Sloan Digital Sky Survey
LHC
CMS
ATLAS
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The EUROGRIDCreates an EU Virtual Machine Room

• UNICORE
• Java Middleware
• Driven by Applications
• Links to Key Databases
• One Interface to Multiple Machines

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STAR TAPScience Technology And Research Transit
Access Point
Canada
Japan Korea (2) Taiwan Singapore (2) Australia
(2) China
Norway Iceland Sweden Finland Denmark Russia Franc
e Netherlands CERN Israel Ireland Belgium Europe/D
ANTE United Kingdom
Chile, Brazil ANSP, Brazil RNP, Mexico
US Abilene, DREN, ESnet, NISN, NREN, vBNS/vBNS
www.startap.net http//www.ucaid.edu/abilene/html/
itnpeerparticipants.html (Abilene
ITN) http//www.canet3.net/optical/peering_info/in
tl_peering.html (CAnet3 ITN)
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Star Light International Wavelength Switching Hub
Asia-Pacific
SURFnet, CERN
CANARIE
Seattle
Portland
NYC
Asia-Pacific
TeraGrid
Caltech
SDSC
AMPATH
AMPATH
ANL, UIC, NU, UC, IIT, MREN
Source Tom DeFanti, Maxine Brown
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The NSF TeraGridPartnerships for Advanced
Computational Infrastructure
This will Become the National Backbone to Support
Multiple Large Scale Science and Engineering
Projects
Applications
Visualization
Compute
Data
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Advancing Realism in Modeling Cell Structures

• Pre-Blue Horizon (mid-1990s)
• Model Electrostatic Forces of a Structure up to
  50,000 Atoms
• a Single Protein or Small Assembly
• Pre-TeraGrid (2001)
• Model One Million Atoms
• Simulate Drawing a Drug Molecule Through a
  Microtubule or Tugging RNA Into a Ribosome
• TeraGrid (2003)
• Models of 10 Million Atoms
• Model Function, Structure Movement, and
  Interaction at the Cellular Level for Drug Design
  and to Understand Disease

Baker, N., Sept, D., Joseph, S., Holst, M., and
McCammon, J. A. PNAS 98 10037-10040 (2001)
Source Fran Berman
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Prototyping the Grid Cyber-Infrastructurefor a
Biomedical Imaging Research Network
Forming a National-Scale Grid Federating
Multi-Scale Neuro-Imaging Data from Centers with
High Field MRI and Advanced 3D Microscopes
Source Mark Ellisman, UCSD
BIRN
NCRR Imaging and Computing Resources UCSD
SDSC
Cal-(IT)2
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From Telephone Conference Calls to Access Grid
International Video Meetings
Creating a Virtual Global Research Lab
Access Grid Lead-Argonne NSF STARTAP Lead-UICs
Elec. Vis. Lab
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Vast Data Sets Will RequireHigh Resolution Data
Analysis Facilities
Celera Control Room
Cal-(IT)2 Control Room
SDSC
SIO
Cox Communications Teraburst Networks Panoram
Technologies
Newsday Photo Ira Schwarz
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Grid-Enabled Collaborative Analysisof Ecosystem
Dynamics Datasets
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Common Portal ArchitectureCustomized for
Biological Sciences
Web Browser - Portal Interface
User Preferences
State Values
Portal Engine
Analysis Tools - Genome, Protein,
Metabolic Pathways - Cellular Models -
Integrative Systems - Species Identification - GI
S Biodiversity - Data Mining - ...
Data Gather
HTML
XML
Legacy and Problem Specific Databases,
Collections, Literature
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A Global IT Strategy Is Neededto Integrate the
Emerging Plant Genomes
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Immense Computing Power Will Be Required to Lead
in Post-Genomic Research

• We Dont Need an Evolution in Computing, We Need
  a RevolutionCraig Venter
• Sandia and Celera Will Collaborate On
• Advanced Algorithms
• Visualization Technologies for Analyzing Massive
  Quantities of Experimental Data From
  High-Throughput Instruments
• Equivalent to 100,000 Pentium 4s!
• Prototype by 2004

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Biology is at the Leading Edge of Using the
Emerging Planetary Computer
Application Software Has Been Downloaded to Over
30,000 PCs Over 500 CPU-Years Computed Total
Storage 50 Terabytes, Peak Speed 13 Teraflops
Art Olson, The Scripps Research Institute
In Silico Drug Design
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A Planetary MegaComputerDistributed Computing
Mass Storage

• Napster Meets Seti_at_Home !
• Assume Ten Million PCs in Five Years
• Average Speed Ten GigaFLOP
• Average Free Storage 100 GB
• Planetary Computer Capacity
• 100,000 TetaFLOP Speed
• 1 Million Terabyte Storage
• Global Distributed Server for Mobile Clients

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Will a New Form of Intelligence Join Human Kind?

• Will the Grid Become Self-
• Organizing
• Powered
• Aware?

Source Hans Moravec www.transhumanist.com/volume1
/power_075.jpg