III. 1960s - 1984: Deregulation

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III. 1960s - 1984 Deregulation

• Three areas
• Terminals
• Transmission and Long Distance
• Computer Inquiries

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Terminals hush a phone (56),
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Terminals Carterphone (68)
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Transmission and Long Distance

• Above 890 (58)
• MCI (69)
• Open skies (72)
• Resale and Shared Use (76-81)
• Execunet (77-78)

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Computer Inquiries

• CI 1 (66-71) keep common carriers out of data
  processing
• CI 2 (72-80) allow provision of enhanced (vs
  basic) services through separate subsidiary.
• CI 3 (86) Open Network Architecture (ONA)

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70s Politics The Bell coalition Cracks

• Arguments for de-regulation
• regulation failed to guarantee low prices
• regulation removed incentives for innovation
• Business User pressures

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1981-1984 The ATT Breakup
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The Characters

• Judge Greene, Bill Baxter, Charles Brown

Source Temin, P. The Fall of the Bell System,
Cambridge U.P., 1987
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The Modified Final Judgment (MFJ)

• COMPETITIVE Long distance, manufacturing Bell
  Labs. They form the new ATT
• REGULATED MONOPOLIES local service.  Baby
  Bells  RBOCs Companiesbarred from Long Distance
  and Manufacturing
• ATT free to compete international and computing