MODULE 5

1
MODULE 5 6

• ELBOW, WRIST, HAND

2
ELBOW

• Constitute 6 of all fractures

3

• ADULT
• Radial head 50
• olecranon 20
• superocondylar 10
• fracture/ dislocation 15

• CHILD
• superocondylar 60
• lateral condyle 15
• medial 10
• epicondyle

4
CHILDREN

• Comparison views often needed

5
COLLES

• Fracture of the distal radius
• 20-35mm from articular surface
• Posterior angulation of the distal fragment
• Approximately 60 will have fracture of the ulnar
  styloid
• Fall on an outstretched hand

6
COLLES FX FIG 9.185a
7
COLLES FX FIG 9.185b
8
SMITHS

• Fracture of the distal radius
• Anterior angulation of the distal fragment

9
SMITHS FX FIG 9.186a
10
SMITHS FX FIG 9.186b
11
SMITHS FX FIG 9.186c
12
GALEAZZI

• Distal radius fracture with ulnar dislocation

13
GALEAZZI FX FIG 9.183
14
MONTEGGIA

• Proximal ulnar fracture with radial dislocation

15
MONTEGGIA FX FIG 9.182
16
HEAD
DIE
DIE
17
NORMAL X-RAY ANATOMY

• Elbow
• Wrist
• Hand

18
ELBOW POSITIONING SLIDES

• AP
• Lateral
• Jones view
• Oblique view - has been replaced by radial head -
  capitellum view

19
WRIST POSITIONING SLIDES

• PA
• Ulnar Deviation
• Lateral
• Oblique

20
HAND POSITIONING SLIDES

• PA
• Oblique
• Lateral

21
MEASUREMENTS

• Axial relationships
• Carpal alignment

22
Axial relationships FIG 2.74a
23
Carpal alignment FIG 2.74b