NT 501 Greek II Session 10

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NT 501Greek II- Session 10

• Using the texts of Dr. Bill Mounce

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Subjunctives

• The subjunctive does not describe what is but
  what may/might be.
• It is the mood of possibility/probability
• The common use of the subjunctive in English is
  in an if clause
• The subjunctive is unfulfilled, often referring
  to a future event

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Subjunctive

• The Greek verb has time significance only in the
  indicative mood
• There are only two tenses that form the
  subjunctive
• The present subjunctive refers to a continuous
  action
• The aorist subjunctive refers to an undefined
  action

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Subjunctive

• The subjunctive uses the same endings as the
  indicative.
• All forms use primary endings
• The distinction of the subjunctive is the
  lengthening of the connecting vowel.
• o w
• e h

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Present Subjunctive Chart

• Present Tense Stem Lengthened Connecting Vowel
  Primary Personal Endings
• Active
• lu w men luvwmen
• Middle/Passive
• lu w meqa luwvmeqa

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Present Subjunctive Paradigm-

• See 291- 31.9
• Notes
• All endings are regular
• The Present and the aorist use the same endings

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Aorist Subjunctive chart

• Unaugmented Aorist Tense Stem Tense Formative
  Lengthened Connecting Vowel Primary Personal
  Endings
• 1st Aorist lu s w men luvswmen
• 2nd Aorist lab w men lavbwmen

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Aorist Subjunctive Paradigm-

• See 292-293- 31.11
• Notes
• The Augment is removed because the tense does not
  indicate absolute time
• Do not confuse the lengthened vowel of the
  subjunctive with the lengthened contract vowel of
  the indicative

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Subjunctive uses

• ina is almost always followed by the subjunctive
  and can indicate purpose
• See examples- 31.13

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Subjunctive uses

• ejavn and the subjunctive indicate a conditional
  statement
• See examples- 31.14
• 3rd class- future, more probable
• if something might happen, something else must
  happen
• 3rd class- present general
• a general truth verb in apodosis (2nd ½) must be
  in present tense

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Subjunctive uses

• Hortatory Subjunctive
• 1st person (S/P) subjunctive (only) can be used
  as an exhortation and will occur at the beginning
  of a sentence.
• Let us

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Subjunctive uses

• Deliberative Subjunctive
• Person asks a question and the answer is
  uncertain. The verb in the question is in the
  subjunctive
• Thinking out loud
• 31.16

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Subjunctive uses

• Clues
• ina or ejavn (see list in 31.16)
• Lengthened connecting vowel
• No augment in the aorist

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Odds and Ends

• ouj generally negates in the indicative and mhv
  in everything else
• two negatives do not cancel each other out
  instead they strengthen

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Odds and Ends

• 3 ways to question
• no indication re the expected answer
• ouj- speaker expects an affirmative answer
• mhv- speaker expects an affirmative answer

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Non-Indicative Verb Chart

• See p. 297- 31.20
• or
• p. 358

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Assignment

• Workbook-
• Complete Parsing section 1-10
• Complete warm-up section a-h
• Complete translation section 1-10
• Text- chapter 32
• Reader- pp. 165-167
• Enchiridion- pp. 44-46