Introducing the Canadian Geospatial Data Infrastructure CGDI

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...Canadas geographic information on the Internet

• Introducing the Canadian Geospatial Data
  Infrastructure (CGDI)

January 2003
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Why we use maps and mapping
Social Applications
Business Applications
Science
Infrastructure Development
Settlement and Resource Management
Defense and Public Safety
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QuickBird Image Presidential Palace, Baghdad,
Iraq September 10, 2002
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Old ways dont work
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One-window access
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Geospatial data challenges

• Majority of geographic or geospatial data is
  collected and stored by governments
• across multiple federal agencies and other levels
  of government
• data and info often developed for one target
• Large volumes of data
• 5 terabytes of satellite images, 1 terabyte of
  topographic data, much more..
• Inaccessible - lack of Information Management
  standards/procedures
• not searchable, not inventoried
• Existing standards are always evolving
• new standards evolve and eclipse/integrate
  existing efforts
• Key technical services/architecture missing
• storage and access protocols

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Infrastructure definition

• The underlying framework or foundation of a
  system or organization
• The underlying facilities, services, and
  installations needed for a community or society
  to function, such as transportation and
  communications systems, water, power lines, and
  public institutions.
• As has been the case with our highway,
  electricity, and telephone networks, a good
  infrastructure permits new applications to be
  based on its structure after its initial
  implementation.

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Information infrastructureWhy now?

• Growing abundance of good data- viewing software
• Increasing map coverage in digital form covering
  entire cities, provinces and countries
• Millions of people now comfortable with using the
  Internet

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Essential characteristics of any infrastructure

• Components must be
• Standardized
• Networked together
• Customized for easy access

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Infrastructure Example
Provider
Application
Interface
System
Output
Electricity
Output
Application
Interface
Provider
System
Maps/Data/ Decision Making
Geospatial Data
Web Map Service
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Infrastructures work best when they are invisible

• Characteristic elements
• support applications and decisions
• distributed networks distributed control
  distributed processing
• must accommodate a broad range of user
  requirements and expertise
• linkages with different systems
• users demand different experiences (e.g., varying
  products, services, prices and levels of
  integration)
• Examples telephone systems, electricity grids,
  and the Internet

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Geospatial data infrastructurefrom
http//www.gsdi.org

• Critical mass of processes, policies, standards,
  enabling technologies, mechanisms and key
  datasets required to make geospatial data readily
  available to the growing community of end-users.
• The mix of these components is different in every
  jurisdiction. Each geospatial data
  infrastructure program has different
  characteristics.

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Geospatial data infrastructure

• Concept developed in late 1970s and refined
  through 1980s and early 1990s
• Evolved from earlier systematic surveying
  mapping programs
• Emphasis on data distribution
• Began in the USA circa 1992
• Followed quickly by Canada, Australia, the EEC,
  the UK and many others
• In Canada http//www.cgdi.gc.ca

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Geospatial data infrastructureMore than just
linking databases together

• Downloading maps and information from around the
  world
• Making your own maps and getting information on
  where YOU are and what YOU need to know
• Real-time broadcasting of position and map
  information
• Collaboration between governments, developers,
  content creators and end-users around the world

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Geospatial Data InfrastructureAlso defines the
standard tools, specifications and procedures
necessary for

• Easy information searching, indexing, display and
  retrieval
• Structuring mapped features into identifiable
  individual objects
• High-speed data delivery for one-time file
  transfer, interactive mapping, database
  inquiries, and continuous broadcasting

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Geospatial data infrastructure programs5 key
areas of focus to date

• Framework data definition and development
• Geospatial data discovery and download
• Web mapping
• Location-based services
• Definition and development of standards and
  standards-based products to enable the above

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Digital Maps Across the Internet
Data Collection, Management and Display
Office lt-gt Field
Geospatial Data Infrastructure
Need for New Standards and Policies
Consumer Applications, Tracking and Personal
Location
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Why do we need a Canadian Geospatial Data
Infrastructure (CGDI)?

• Informed decision making Easy access to current
  information, knowledge and expertise.
• Efficiency To reduce duplication of efforts
  through national standards, specifications and
  services that support collaboration.
• Usability Canadian governments, firms and
  individuals need a reliable system, an
  "infrastructure, to access and use these
  resources.
• Growth Export Canadian technology, products,
  expertise, and services.

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Autonomous interdependent organizations working
together
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Distributed applications, data, and services
.
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Forming a Global Spatial Data Infrastructure
Canadian information providers will have access
to global markets
.
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Catalogues for discovery
CGDI will provide catalogues to make geospatial
information easier to find
International SDIs
Applications
Applications
Providers

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GeoConnections Initiative

• Mission making Canadas geographic information
  accessible on the Internet
• By developing the CGDI, an enabling
  infrastructure to support the management of
  national economic and social priorities
• Uses/Applications environment, forestry, health,
  sustainable development, disaster management,
  communities, transportation, business development
  and many others

GeoConnections Secretariat
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GeoConnections programs

• Access building a common access window
• Framework Data a standard geographic foundation
  required to develop applications and value-added
  products and services
• GeoPartners the Secretariat that supports
  national partnerships
• GeoInnovations developing industrial technology
  through partnerships
• Atlas of Canada a national entry point for
  perspectives on data themes and issues
• Sustainable Communities developing
  community-driven and focused pilot applications
• GeoSkills promoting skills for geomatics
  industry

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A Canadian partnership

• Federal government departments
• Provincial and territorial governments
• Canadian Council on Geomatics
• Geomatics Industry Association
• Academia

• Inter-Agency Committee on Geomatics
• Canadian Council on Geomatics

Private Sector
Provincial and Territorial Governments
CGDI
Universities and Colleges
Federal Government
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Data partnership principles I

• Data should be collected once, closest to the
  source and in the most efficient way possible.
• Geospatial data should be as seamless as
  possible, with co-ordination across jurisdictions
  when possible.
• Data should be collected, processed and
  maintained according to international standards.
• Upon agreement, partners should share the costs
  of collecting and managing the data, and be
  allowed to integrate the resulting information
  into their own databases.
• Harmonize terms and conditions for data use where
  practical.

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Data partnership principles II

• Agreements should be negotiated on a case-by-case
  basis, according to the principles of
  partnership.
• Partnerships between agencies should be simple
  and support the principles of the CGDI.
• A group or agency within each province and within
  the federal government should be designated to
  promote and coordinate the development of a
  common geospatial data infrastructure, both
  within and between jurisdictions.
• The CGDI is national in scope and must meet the
  needs of a wide range of geospatial users,
  producers and communities of interest.
• The CGDI must consist of a set of coordinated and
  interrelated policies and practices that build on
  the CGDI vision.

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CGDI-endorsed standards and specifications

• Geodata Discovery Service
• ISO Metadata Standard
• Web Map Service
• Web Feature Service
• Style layer descriptors
• Geographic Markup Language
• Filter encoding
• http//www.geoconnections.org/CGDI_DevNet/index_e.
  cfm

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Demonstration of Atlas of Canada
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Demonstration of Discovery Portal
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Changes in on-line user behaviour
Data Access
Data Usage
Off-line
On-line
Type I Behavior
Type II Behavior
Off -line
Data ordering by mail, fax or telephone for use
on customers computer
Data files accessed online downloaded and used on
customers computer
Type III Behavior
Transaction based approaches to discovery, access
and on-line usage of geospatial and associated
attribute data
On- line
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Transition from Type I to Type III behaviour

• Represents a real paradigm shift in how people
  deal with geospatial data.
• Greater emphasis on transactions and services.
• Affects the way people develop and use
  applications, and how organizations finance these
  activities.

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On-line data

• GeoGratis On-line access to datasets from wide
  variety of sources
• Toporama On-line access to raster NTS maps and
  Landsat imagery covering entire country
• Canadian Data Alignment Layer and Ground Control
  Database On-line access to image and
  coordinates of control points for image
  rectification
• Framework Data On-line access to selected
  framework datasets within the National
  Topographic Data Base (NTDB) -- or provincial
  digital topographic base mapping, in certain
  cases

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Demonstration of GeoGratis
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Toporama
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CGDI Framework Data

• A geographic framework for Canada
• core set of data and more specific databases
• agreed by Federal-Provincial agencies to build
  this framework co-operatively
• intended to simplify data integration
• serves as a basis for developing new applications
  and value-added products and services
• provides a framework on which other datasets can
  be built

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Framework Data

• Canadian Spatial (geodetic) Reference System
  (CSRS)
• CDAL (CGDI Data Alignment Layer)
• Imagery
• Roads
• Hypsography (3-D)
• Hydrography
• Administrative Boundaries
• Resolutions national (level 0) and regional
  (level 1)

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Canadian Data Alignment Layer (CDAL) and Ground
Control Database
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Landsat 7 orthorectified images
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Marine and terrestrial ecozones of Canada
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Separation of data, services and applications
For example
A trip-planning website that calculates the best
route between two cities and then generates a map
of the route.
Application e.g., transportation planning,
climate change monitoring, site assessment
Users

• Uses
• Gazetteer service
• Road network server
• Web mapping service

Services e.g., metadata server, gazetteer
service, map server
Other applications

• Based on
• Geographical names
• Road network features
• Base maps

Information e.g., base map data, thematic
overlays, text, geographic names, metadata
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Benefits of services approach

• Avoid costs
• Reduce costs by not developing fewer components
• Services are a means of avoiding software
• If the cost of buying (or renting) a service is
  less than building it, then buying is the best
  option
• Hide complexity
• Build applications on top of parts that work
• Focus only on the application (i.e., your
  business)
• If available services are not suitable, client is
  not compelled to buy them
• Plug and play
• End users demand simplicity and interoperability
  (i.e., plug and play)
• The Web is a very heterogeneous environment
• The costs to engineer interoperability are high
  must rely upon infrastructure that builds upon
  open, standard services

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Trailpaq
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Before Web mapping
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After Web mapping
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National Topographic Data Base (NTDB) roads
orthophotos
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From downloading maps to Interactive Map
Creation
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Web-based mapping technology vision
Catalogue view
Integrated view

• Web servers and map- viewer clients interact
  to
• Discover, access and retrieve views from multiple
  servers
• Display multiple layers of geographic data within
  a single web application
• Query and update information
• Provide interface for visualization, decision
  support, etc.
• Support geocoded raster, vector, matrix, and
  other data

Parcels Roads Images Boundaries ...
Environment
Federal program
Social services
Crime
Land parcel
Framework
Weather
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CGDI-enabled applicationsConsumers can access
many kinds of geospatial capabilities
e.g. Sustainable development Transportation
planning Climate change monitoring Disaster
response Site assessment Infrastructure portal
e.g. Discovery Gazetteer Visualization
Location-based
e.g. Features Coverages Projects, studies,
activities Events, situations
.
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Provincial government contributions to CGDI
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From Mapping to Location-based Services...
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Know the location of these
These
People
Things
Examples
Examples
People

• Personal GPS for sporting and recreation
  purposes

• Control and cadastral surveying
• Vehicle tracking and fleet management
• Anti theft applications

Examples
Examples

• Spray-control mechanism for crop dusting and
  forestry programs

• Cellular phone with location device and central
  server
• Monitoring system for people with special needs

Things
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Results to date

• GeoConnections program objectives
• Increase the amount of geospatial data,
  information and services available on-line
• Ease data integration issues and data
  standardization
• Expand the use and application of geo-info by
  working with communities of practice
• Promote the development of innovative technology
• Simplify the conditions for geo-info use and
  resale

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CGDI benefits and opportunities

• Reduced costs -- potentially hundreds of millions
  of dollars savings for government and industry
• for building applications that require geospatial
  capabilities
• for operational activities that require
  geospatial information
• losses / damages avoided by having CGDI-enabled
  applications
• for geospatial data and for components

• A stronger Canadian marketplace
• for government spatial information
• for value-added data and service providers
• for commercial component vendors nationally and
  internationally

• Greater access to information on our Canadian
  geography and heritage

• Better information, applications and decisions

.
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How can YOU participate in building the CGDI?

• Use It!
• Take advantage of the standard tools, datasets
  and services that are already accessible on the
  Internet.
• Make your own products and services compatible
  with or based on these standards.
• Register your products and make them available
  through the Discovery Portal.
• Demand that your suppliers link to the Discovery
  Portal as well.
• Urge your friends and colleagues to check out the
  CGDI.

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Links used in the presentation

• GeoConnections and links to its seven Programs
  (incl. Discovery Portal, Atlas of Canada,
  GeoGratis, GeoInnovations projects), Portals and
  provincial/regional Networks and the CGDI
  Development Network http//www.geoconnections.org
  OR http//cgdi.gc.ca
• Toporama http//www.cits.rncan.gc.ca/
• NRCanwww.nrcan.gc.ca
• Commercial sites
• http//www.onstar.com
• www.mapsherpa.com/make_a_map/mam.phtml
• http//www.mapquest.com
• http//www.cubewerx.com/demo/cubeview/cubeview.cgi
  
• SDI sites
• http//www.gsdi.org/links.html
• http//www.fgdc.gov/ and http//www.fgdc.gov/nsdi/
  nsdi.html
• http//www.ordsvy.gov.uk/
• http//www.auslig.gov.au/asdi/

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Information

• GeoConnections Secretariat
• Phone [phone]
• Email info_at_geoconnections.org
• Website www.geoconnections.org
• www.cgdi.gc.ca