Physical Properties of Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids

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Physical Properties of Metals, Non-Metals, and
Metalloids
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Physical Properties

• Definition Properties that can be observed
  without making any chemical changes to the
  substance.
• Determined by the atomic structure of the
  substance and
• the strength of
• the bonds.

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Examples that could be easily observed in your
classrooms

• Color not always diagnostic, but sometimes can
  be
• Luster how the light reflects off the surface
  of a substance.
• Malleability the ability of a substance to be
  deformed under compressive stress.
• Density mass/unit volume.
• Conductivity the ability of the substance to
  transmit electricity or heat.

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Color
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Luster
Non-Metallic
Metallic
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Malleability
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Density
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Conductivity
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Metals vs. Non-metals
Metals Non-metals
Color Gold, silver, copper, pyrite, some others show characteristic colors always opaque Wide variety of colors or colorless sometimes transparent or translucent
Luster Metallic luster think coins and jewelry shiny or rusty Non-metallic luster can be shiny, but looks like glass, not metal. Often dull.
Malleability Can be hammered or rolled into various shapes Will shatter if hammered
Density Usually heavy for its size think lead and gold Average or light density rarely heavy
Conductivity Will conduct cold or heat will conduct electricity when solid Will not conduct cold, heat, or electricity well.
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Metalloids

• B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po (a diagonal between the
  metals and the non-metals on the Periodic Table
  of the Elements)
• Can have properties of metals or non-metals,
  depending upon allotrope, temperature conditions,
  presence of an electric field, or other
  conditions.
• Often used as semi-conductors in electrical
  applications.
• Cannot be easily identified by your students.

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For More Information,IRC Physical Properties of
Metals, Non-metals, and Metalloids