SOFT TISSUE INJURIES

1
SOFT TISSUE INJURIES

• UNIT 7

2
SOFT TISSUE INJURIES

• STRAIN
• TEAR TO MUSCLE OR TENDON
• GRADE 1, 2 OR 3
• DEPENDS ON SEVERITY
• COVER IN SPORTS MED II

• SPRAIN
• TEAR TO LIGAMENT
• GRADE 1, 2 OR 3
• DEPENDS ON SEVERITY
• COVER IN SPORTS MED II

3
SUPERFICIAL INJURIES
4
ABRASIONS

• CAUSED BY SLIDING OR SKIDDING ON PAVEMENT,
  CONCRETE, DIRT, OR SAND
• OUTER LAYER OF SKIN SCRAPED OFF
• STRAWBERRY
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• WASH AREA WITH ANTI-BACTERIAL
• FLUSH AREA WITH PEROXIDE
• WATCH PEROXIDE USE!
• ONLY USE TO GET DIRT OUT, NOT TO HEAL. WHY?
• APPLY OINTMENT
• COVER WOUND

5
LACERATIONS

• A JAGGED TEAR IN THE FLESH
• CAUSED BY TEARING MOTION
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• CLEAN WITH SOAP AND WATER
• APPLY STERILE COMPRESSION DRESSING
• STITCHES NECESSARY WHEN EDGES OF LACERATION WILL
  NOT CLOSE OR WHEN THE WOUND IS DEEP

6
PUNCTURE WOUNDS

• RESULTS WHEN POINTED OBJECT DIRECTLY PIERCES SOFT
  TISSUE
• MOST SUSCEPTABLE TO INFECTION WHY?
• MAY NEED TETANUS SHOT
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• STABILIZE OBJECT IN PLACE AND TAKE TO PHYSICIAN
• IF NO OBJECT, CLEAN WITH SOAP AND WATER
• COVER WITH STERILE GAUZE

7
INCISION

• CLEAN, STRAIGHT, KNIFE-LIKE CUT
• CLEAN CUTS, BUT CAN GO VERY DEEP INTO TISSUES
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• CLEAN WITH SOAP AND WATER
• PULL EDGES OF WOUND TOGETHER WITH BUTTERFLY
  BANDAGES OR STERILE STRIPS
• STITCHES MAY BE NEEDED

8
AVULSION

• FLAP OF TISSUE IS TORN LOOSE OR PULLED OFF
  COMPLETELY
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• CLEAN AREA
• USE COMPRESSION WITH STERILE DRESSING
• COVER AREA
• LOCATE FLAP IF IT IS TORN AWAY COMEPLETELY
• PLACE IN SALINE MOISTENED GAUZE WRAP AND SEAL IN
  PLASTIC BAG
• PLACE BAG ON ICE
• SEND TO PHYSICIAN

9
CALLUSES

• THICKENED, USUALLY PAINLESS, AREA OF SKIN CAUSED
  BY FRICTION OR PRESSURE
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• PUMICE STONE TO FILE OFF
• STOP PROBLEM CAUSING FRICTION

10
BLISTERS

• BUILD UP OF FLUID THAT COLLECTS UNDER THE SKIN IN
  RESPONSE TO FRICTION
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• CLEAN AREA
• RUB WITH ALCOHOL WIPE AND AIR OUT
• PLACE DONUT PAD AROUND BLISTER
• DO NOT POP!
• PROFESSIONAL MAY SLIT EDGE TO DRAIN, BUT ONLY IF
  BLISTER AFFECTS PERFORMANCE!

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BITES

• OCCUR FROM
• INSECTS
• REPTILES
• ANIMALS
• HUMANS
• CAN RESULT IN
• PUNCTURE WOUNDS
• LACERATIONS
• AVULSIONS
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• CLEANSE THOROUGHLY
• CONTROL BLEEDING
• DO NOT SCRATCH LENGTHENS HEALING AND CAUSES
  INFECTION
• IF NOT MOSQUITO SEND TO PHYSICIAN

12
SKIN INFECTIONS ANDOTHER DERMATOLOGICAL
CONDITIONS
13
RINGWORM

• FUNGI
• ITCHY, RED PATCH OF SKIN BORDERED BY A SCALY RED
  RING
• CONTAGIOUS
• TREATMENT
• DO NOT SCRATCH OR TOUCH
• COVER AREA AND REFER TO PHYSICIAN
• NO CONTACT UNTIL DRIED/GONE

14
STAPHYLCOCCUS

• STAPH
• BACTERIA
• RANGE FROM A BOIL TO A FLESH EATING INFECTION
• BEGINS AS A SMALL AREA OF TENDERNESS, SWELLING
  AND REDNESS OPEN SORE BLISTER LIKE (VARIIES)
• HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS
• MAY DEVELOP FEVER, CHILLS, SWEATS
• MRSA MORE SEVERE
• TREATMENT
• IMMEDIATE REFERRAL FOR ANTIBIOTICS
• DO NOT TOUCH OR SCRATCH AREA
• KEEP COVERED
• NO CONTACT UNTIL GONE

15
TINEA PEDIS

• ATHLETES FOOT
• FUNGUS
• GENERALLY OCCURS BETWEEN TOES AND BOTTOM OF FEET
• CAUSED BY HEAT, MOISTURE, AND FAILURE TO CHANGE
  SOCKS
• ALSO GET FROM SHOWER FLOORS
• RED RASH WITH EXTREME ITCHINESS
• TREATMENT
• DO NOT SCRATCH OR TOUCH
• OVER-THE-COUNTER AVAILABLE
• IF OTC DOES NOT WORK, REFER TO PHYSICIAN
• NO DIRECT CONTACT UNTIL DRIED/GONE

16
HERPES

• VIRAL INFECTION
• AFFECTS FACE, TRUCK, AND GENITALIA
• BLISTERS, INFLAMES SKIN, AND PAIN
• SOMETIMES CRUSTY YELOW SCABS
• SOMETIMES FEVER
• CONTAGIOUS
• DISQUALIFYING CONDITION IN SPORT
• TREATMENT
• DO NOT SCRATCH OR TOUCH
• COVER AREA AND REFER TO PHYSICIAN
• NO CONTACT UNTIL GONE
• IF PROPERLY TREATED, 2 WEEKS OF TREATMENT

17
PAPILLOMA VIRUS

• RAISED, FLESH COLORED LESIONS WITH SMALL DARK
  SPOTS UNDERNEATH
• MOST COMMON ON FEET
• PLANTAR WARTS
• CONTAGIOUS
• TREATMENT
• PROTECT WITH DONUT PAD
• REFER TO PHYSICIAN
• NO CONTACT UNTIL DRIED/GONE

18
IMPETIGO

• BACTERIAL INFECTION
• CONTRATCED THROUGH CONTACT
• REDNESS, ITCHING, SORENESS, AND YELLOW PUSTULES
• DEVELOPS IN AREAS SUBJECT TO HIGH FRICTION
• HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS
• DISQUALIFYING CONDITION IN SPORT
• TREATMENT
• DO NOT SCRATCH OR TOUCH
• COVER AREA AND REFER TO PHYSICIAN
• NO CONTACT UNTIL GONE

19
HEMATOMA

• BLOOD-FILLED, SWOLLEN, CLOSED AREA
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• ICE
• COMPRESSION
• ELEVATION
• SOME MAY NEED REFERRAL TO PHYSICIAN

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CONTUSION

• BRUISE
• BLEEDING UNDER THE SKIN
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• ICE
• COMPRESSION
• ELEVATION

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BURNS

• FIRST DEGREE
• SUPERFICIAL LAYER OF SKIN
• 3-6 DAYS TO HEAL
• SOAK IN COOL WATER
• COVER TO PREVENT INFECTION
• NO OINTMENTS UNTIL BURNING SENSATION CONTROLLED!
  THEY SEAL IN HEAT
• SECOND DEGREE
• DEEPER BURN THAT AFFECTS LOWER LAYER OK SKIN
• BLISTERING
• UP TO 3 WEEKS TO HEAL
• SOAK IN COOL WATER
• COVER TO PREVENT INFECTION
• NO OINTMENTS UNTIL BURNING SENSATION CONTROLLED!
  THEY SEAL IN HEAT
• THIRD DEGREE
• BURNS INTO DEEP TISSUES
• WHITE OR BLACKENED, CHARRED SKIN
• NUMB, BUT NOT AS PAINFUL. WHY?