In 1894, the day the steamer tickets arrived for the Hayye family, Hannah Hayye became an instant ce

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• In 1894, the day the steamer tickets arrived for
  the Hayye family, Hannah Hayye became an instant
  celebrity in her small village in
  Russian-occupied Poland. Hannahs husband had
  left for the United States three years earlier to
  prepare a new home for the Hayye family in
  Boston. Now that Hannah had received the tickets,
  she and her four children would finally be able
  to join him. A stream of curious visitors began
  to pour into the house. Hannahs daughter Mary,
  then 13 years old, described the crowd
• They wanted to handle the ticket, and mother
  must read them what is written on it. . . . Were
  we not all going to have new dresses to travel
  in? Was it sure that we could get kosher food on
  the ship? And with the questions poured in
  suggestions. . . . Mother mustnt carry her money
  in a pocketbook. She must sew it into the lining
  of her jacket. . . .

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Immigration in the 1800s
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How many Immigrants?

• Between 1860 and 1900, 14 million immigrants came
  to the United States.
• Of these, more than half were from Eastern and
  southern Europe
• That means they came from
• Italy
• Greece
• Poland
• Russia
• and other places

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• Immigrants coming to the U.S. traveled by Boat in
  something called steerage
• Steerage the most basic and cheapest
  accommodations on a steam ship
• Steerage was the part at the very bottom of a
  ship with no windows and very little air flow

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• Narrow, steep and slippery stairways lead to
  it. Crowds everywhere, ill smelling bunks,
  uninviting washroomsthis is steerage. The odors
  of scattered orange peelings, tobacco, garlic and
  disinfectants meeting but not blending. No lounge
  or chairs for comfort, and a continual babble of
  tonguesthis is steerage. The food, which is
  miserable, is dealt out of
• huge kettles into the dinner pails provided
  by the
• steamship company. When it is distributed,
  the
• stronger push and crowd. . . .

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• Journey took 14 Days
• Immigrants arrived at Ellis Island, NY

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• Immigrants arriving at Ellis Island would wait in
  line to be inspected
• They might wait hours, days or even weeks

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Medical Exams

• Immigrants with Problems would be labeled
  accordingly
• H for Heart Problems,
• K for Hernias,
• Sc for scalp problems
• and an X for mental disabilities

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• Immigrants HAD to pass health tests or could not
  enter the U.S.
• Often if one member of a family was denied entry,
  the entire family would return to Europe

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• As many as one in three immigrants returned to
  Europe shortly after coming to the United States
• Immigrants also came in through the West Coast at
  a place called Angel Island
• In the late 1800s, Chinese immigrants had many
  reasons to leave for the United States
• The Gold Rush of 1848
• Construction of the Central Pacific Railroad
• The Taiping Rebellion

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• Most immigrants were young men in their teens and
  twenties
• They might wait months to find out if they would
  be allowed to remain in the U.S.

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• Many people were not happy about immigration
• Nativism an extreme dislike for immigrants by
  native born people and a desire to limit
  immigration
• Nativists disliked
• Irish, Asians, Jews and Eastern Europeans

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Why didnt people like immigrants

• 1.) They were worried that too many Catholic
  Immigrants would give the Catholic Church to much
  Power in the United States
• 2.) They were worried that immigrants would work
  for low wages, putting Americans out of Jobs

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• Prejudice against immigrants got so bad that
  Congress passed a law in 1882, banning convicts,
  paupers, and the mentally disabled from
  immigrating to the United States
• That same year they passed the CHINESE EXCLUSION
  ACT A LAW BARRING Chinese immigration for 10
  years and preventing those Chinese already living
  in the U.S. from becoming citizens
• ( The Act was not repealed until 1943)

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• Look at the Political Cartoons on page 466

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• Get into groups that I WILL assign
• Once you are in your groups you should answer the
  following questions on a sheet of paper to
  present to the class
• 1.) Choose a different nationality for your
  Family
• 2.) What City will you be entering the U.S.
  Through?
• 3.) Why did you leave your country?
• 4.) What mode of transportation did you use to
  get to the U.S.
• 5.) What problems do you think you might
  encounter as you settle into life here in the
  United States