European Settlements

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European Settlements

• Chapter 4

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Lesson 1- A Northwest Passage

• Claim
• Armada
• Invasion
• Look at the map on p. 123. Predict what this
  lesson will be about.

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Read pages 122-123

• What land did John Cabot think he had reached in
  1497? What land did he really reach?
• He thought he had reaches Asia, but it was
  present-day Canada.
• Where was the settlement of Quebec founded?
• On the St. Lawrence River

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Read p. 124-125

• What body of water did Hudson find in 1610, and
  where did he think it might lead?
• Hudson found the Hudson Bay, which he thought
  might lead to the Pacific.
• In what way were religious differences a problem
  between Spain and England?
• King Philip, who was Catholic, wanted to make the
  English, who were Protestant, practice his
  religion.
• What happened when Spain tried to invade England?
• The English fleet chased the Spanish ships away
  from England and sank many of them.

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Review Questions

• What were explorers searching for in the 1500s
  and 1600s?
• A Northwest Passage
• England, France, and the Netherlands made land
  claims in North America as they searched for
  _______.
• A Northwest Passage
• What did England and Spain go to war over?
• Religion and English attacks on Spanish ships.

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Rulers of Land and Sea

• As powerful rulers, both Elizabeth of England and
  Philip of Spain wielded great influence over
  their countries histories. Their rivalry
  influenced the history of Europe and the Americas
  during the 1500s.
• After reading, make a Venn diagram to compare and
  contrast Elizabeth and Philip.

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Lesson 2- Roanoke and Jamestown

• Charter
• Invest
• Stock
• Cash crop
• Indentured servant
• North Americas first settlement had great
  difficulties until they learned how to farm the
  land.

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Read p. 130-131

• Where did John White think the Roanoke settlers
  had gone?
• He thought they had gone to live with nearby
  American Indians.
• What did the Virginia Company sell to its
  investors?
• The company sold stocks to its investors.
• What obstacles did the settlers in Jamestown
  face?
• The land was damp and swampy, and insects carried
  diseases.

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The Mystery of Roanoke

• Sir Walter Raleigh started an English colony on
  Roanoke Island off the coast of North Carolina in
  1587. To this day, no one knows what caused the
  disappearance of the Roanoke Island colonists.

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Read p. 132-133

• What cash crop brought money to Jamestown?
• tobacco
• Why did the English settlers and the Powhatans
  briefly make peace?
• John Rolfe, a Jamestown settler, married
  Pocahontas, a Powhatan woman.

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Success at Jamestown

• An English colony was founded in 1607 at
  Jamestown, Virginia, by individuals who had come
  in search of fortune. In the first year many of
  them died. When Captain John Smith became the
  colonys leader, he insisted on cooperation and
  emphasized the colonists independence. His
  actions saved the colony.

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Venn Diagram

• Roanoke Both Jamestown

Started by King of England In present-day North
Carolina Failed
Colony Started by Virginia Company Poor
soil In present-day Virginia No gold Or
silver Succeeded
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Jamestown 1607

• In Jamestown, the settlers interacted with and
  changed the environment. Jamestowns environment
  affected the settlers health and economy.

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Lesson 3- New England Settlements

• Pilgrim
• Compact
• Cape
• This lesson tells how the Pilgrims and the
  Puritans came to North America to find religious
  freedom.

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Read p. 136-137

• What did the Pilgrims agree to in the Mayflower
  Compact?
• They agreed to make laws for the good of the
  colony, and to obey them.
• What difficulty did the Pilgrims face after they
  landed at Plymouth?
• It was November and too late to plant crops, so
  food ran out.

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The Founding of the Plymouth Colony

• Plymouth colony in Massachusetts represented
  religious freedom for the Pilgrims. The
  Mayflower Compact provided them with a framework
  for establishing rules. Cooperation in solving
  problems helped the colony succeed. For many
  years the Pilgrims also cooperated with the
  Indians.

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Read p. 138-139

• How did Squanto help the Pilgrims after their
  first winter?
• He taught them how to plant crops such as maize,
  pumpkins, and beans.
• Did the Puritans want to separate from the Church
  of England? Why or why not?
• No they wanted to remain part of the church and
  to make it more pure.
• What helped make the Puritans more successful
  than the Jamestown colony?
• The Puritans came better prepared they arrived
  in time to plant crops.

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Thanksgiving Day

• In the fall of 1621, the Pilgrims gathered their
  first harvest. William Bradford, governor of
  Plymouth Colony, decided they should have a
  celebration so that the people could give thanks
  to God. He invited the neighboring Wampanoag
  Indians to join the Pilgrims for a festival that
  lasted 3 days. This is what many people today
  think of as the first Thanksgiving. Thanksgiving
  celebrations, however, had been held in the
  Americas for thousands of years.

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• During celebrations such as the Green Corn
  Ceremony, Indian peoples gave thanks for a good
  harvest. Some people think the first European
  Thanksgiving in the Americas took place in 1589,
  when Spanish settlers gave thanks for reaching
  the Rio Grande. Thanksgiving became a national
  holiday in 1863, when President Abraham Lincoln
  declared the last Thursday in November as a day
  of thanksgiving and praise to our beneficent
  Father.

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The New Land

• Our national history is composed of individual
  and group stories of adjustment, adaptation,
  struggle, and survival. This fictional narrative
  tells the story of one young Pilgrims adaptation
  and survival in Plymouth.

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Lesson 4- Dutch and French Colonies

• Diversity
• Tolerance
• Missionary

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Read p. 144-145

• Who were the original inhabitants of Manhattan
  Island?
• The Manhates Indians
• What kinds of settlers did the Dutch West India
  Company look for?
• They looked for settlers from different countries
  and different religions.
• Why did the New Amsterdam settlers refuse to
  fight the English?
• They were unhappy with their governor Peter
  Stuyvesant.

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Read p. 146-147

• Who settled in New France and what did they do?
• Young men who worked the fur and fishing trades
• Who helped the Huron and Algonquin in fighting
  the Iroquois?
• The French fur traders, led by Champlain
• What region did Robert La Salle name after Louis
  XIV?
• Louisiana, the land around the Mississippi

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Exploring the Mississippi

• Upon hearing about the Mississippi River,
  Governor-General Frontenac sent an expedition led
  by Marquette and Joliet to find it. Although the
  Mississippi River did not provide a passage to
  Asia, the French began to trade and settle along
  the river, bringing changes to New France.

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Founding Louisiana

• French land claims in North America changed
  dramatically because of the explorer named Sieur
  de La Salle. La Salle claimed the entire
  Mississippi River valley for France and named it
  Louisiana. Despite several attempts by the
  French to settle Louisiana, there were not enough
  French colonists to make the area a strong French
  territory.

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French Fur Trading

• People and nations gained through the world of
  fur trading during the 1600s. Market economies
  favor certain characteristics freedom of
  enterprise, profit, competition, voluntary
  exchange, and limited government depending on
  supply and demand to determine price and rely on
  increased productivity to address scarcity. In
  New France, traders profited by supplying beaver
  pelts and other furs to meet Europes demand for
  fur hats.

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