The Hebrews

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The Hebrews

• History of the Jewish People

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Who are the Hebrews?

• Hebrews, or Jews, are members of the Jewish
  people, an originating in the
  Israelites of the ancient Middle East. The
  ethnicity is strongly related to the __________
  of Judaism, and converts to Judaism are
  ____________ among the Jewish people

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The Biblical account

• The earliest stories of the origins of the Jews
  come from what they call the __________ for
  Christians it is the first five books of the
  Bible
• Genesis
• Exodus
• Leviticus
• Numbers
• Deuteronomy
• These books are like long chapters in the story
  of the development of the Jewish people

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The Beginning

• The story begins in Genesis (which fittingly
  means the beginning or origin)
• Adam and Eve
• The first Man and Woman are Adam and Eve.
  According to Jewish tradition, all peoples can
  trace their heritage to these two.
• Adam and Eve break Gods law and are punished by
  __________ from Him.

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Abraham

• Additional time passes
• Yahweh seeks to reconnect with man again and
  establishes a relationship with a man named Abram
  and his wife Sarai.
• As an act of obedience to Yahweh, Abram and Sarai
  leave their home and travel to the land of
  __________ - the area of what is now the nation
  of Israel.
• Yahweh gives Abram and Sarai new names as a sign
  of this relationship. He also promises that
  __________ will be the father of a great nation
  even though he and Sarah are childless.

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The Children of Abraham

• Sarah did not believe she could have children so
  she had Hagar (her handmaiden) have a child with
  Abraham.
• From this union, __________ was born
• In Jewish and Islamic traditions, Ishmael is the
  ancestor of the Arab people.
• Later, Sarah miraculously gives birth to
  Abrahams son, __________ .
• Isaac marries Rebekah and they have a set of
  twins.

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Jacob

• The twins are named Esau and __________ . (For
  our purposes, Jacob is the more important child)
• Later Jacob enters into a relationship with
  Yahweh and is given a new name.
• Israel has __________ sons who become the heads
  of the twelve tribes of the nation, Israel.
• Note that Jacobs new name is also the name of
  the people group they are called the __________
  and they are the ancestors to the modern day
  Jewish people.

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Egypt

• Because of __________ , Israel/Jacob and his
  family move to Egypt (this is the story of Joseph
  and his coat of many colors now a modern
  musical).
• It is in __________ that the nation of Israel
  grows and multiplies.
• Some time passes and the Pharaoh begins to
  __________ the Israelites.

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Moses

• Yahweh sees the suffering of Abrahams
  descendents and raises up a leader Moses.
• Through various miracles, Pharaoh decides to let
  the Israelites go the Parting of the __________
  occurs.
• This story is taken up in the next book, Exodus

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The Rest of the Story

• Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers Deuteronomy

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The Promised Land

• Yahweh calls the Israelites HIS people they
  consider themselves the __________ of God.
• Yahweh promises them a land filled with milk and
  honey the land of __________ .
• They conquer the land under the leader named
  Yehoshua or __________ (does this sound similar
  to the name Jesus? Yehoshua means Yahweh is
  salvation)

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Characteristics of the Religion

• People that are set apart different from all
  other people groups and therefore must live
  according to Yahwehs laws.
• 10 __________
• Also rules regulations concerning clothing,
  food, special __________ days, and many other
  aspects of every day life.
• The concept of __________ and unclean
• Monotheistic contrary to the __________
  religion of many of their neighbors.
• Religious life centered around the __________

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Tribal Governments to Kingdom

• The Promised Land was divided into areas for the
  tribes to live in. They had __________ that would
  lead them into battle when threatened, and decide
  between disputes.
• The Israelites asked Yahweh for a king they got
  __________ and then later David and Davids son,
  Solomon.

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End of the Israel Kingdom

• After several generations, the kingdom split into
  two nations __________ and Israel.
• Then they were both defeated in battle because of
  the sinful ways of the kings and the people.
  Yahweh used other nations to correct his
  children.
• They were conquered but allowed to come back and
  re-established their communities centered around
  the __________ Temple.

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After Biblical Records

• Roman period to today

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Dispersion of the Jews

• Several hundred years later
• Under the Roman Empire, the Israelites often now
  called the __________ or Jews were dispersed
  throughout Roman lands, especially in modern day
  Europe.
• However there was always a remnant of the people
  in the Promised Land.
• The majority of the Jewish people were homeless
  minorities throughout several nations.
• Their religion became centered around synagogues
  and a __________ which means teacher

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Medieval and Enlightenment Persecutions 1066-1782
(roughly)

• Many nations in __________ Europe persecuted them
  and for many Jews the only occupation left to
  them was __________ .
• Later, countries like England and France expelled
  Jews.
• This led to a great number moving to Poland and
  to Russia
• In the late 1800s, pogroms - which are organized,
  often officially encouraged massacre or
  persecution of a minority group - pushed many in
  Russia and Poland to immigrate to America or join
  the Zion movement in Palestine

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Modernity

• In the late 1800s rising Anti-Semitism sparked
  the __________ movement for the Jewish people to
  find a home for their people again.
• In 1948, __________ controlled Palestine (once
  called the Land of __________) became the new
  Nation of Israel.
• According to Jewish tradition, this is a
  fulfillment of Yahwehs promise that their people
  would be gathered from the four corners of the
  earth back to Jerusalem or Zion.
• In a secular understanding the Jewish people
  determined that they would _____________ have to
  be a minority in someone elses nation.

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Jewish Culture
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Religious Writings

• Torah
• 24 books broken up into three sections
• The Hebrew Bible
• Talmud
• collection of teachings from early rabbis
• Rabbi
• religious teacher, leader of a synagogue
• Cabala
• mystical commentary on the Torah
• Hasidic Jews

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Holidays

• Rosh Hashanah New Year
• Holy Day
• begin introspection, looking back at the mistakes
  of the past year and planning the changes to make
  in the new year
• Yom Kippur
• Day of Atonement. A day set aside for fasting,
  depriving oneself of pleasures, and repenting
  from the sins of the previous year.

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Holidays

• Passover
• Holiday commemorating the Exodus from Egypt. The
  holiday also marks the beginning of the harvest
  season.
• Chanukkah - Hanukkah
• the Jewish festival of rededication, also known
  as the festival of lights, is an eight day
  festival
• Driedel game

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Holidays

• Chanukkah Hanukkah - continued
• According to tradition as recorded in the Talmud,
  at the time of the rededication, there was very
  little oil left that had not been defiled by the
  Greeks.
• Oil was needed for the menorah (candelabrum) in
  the Temple, which was supposed to burn throughout
  the night every night.
• There was only enough oil to burn for one day,
  yet miraculously, it burned for eight days, the
  time needed to prepare a fresh supply of oil for
  the menorah.

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Other Info

• Yiddish
• The "international language" of European Jews,
  based primarily on German with words taken from
  Hebrew and many other languages, and written in
  the Hebrew Alphabet
• Kaddish
• Kaddish is commonly known as a mourner's prayer,
• but the prayer itself has nothing to do with
  death or mourning.
• The prayer begins "May His great Name grow
  exalted and sanctified in the world that He
  created as He willed.
• Why then is it said in the mourning period?

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Who is a Jew?

• A Jew is any person whose mother was a Jew or any
  person who has gone through the formal process of
  conversion to Judaism.
• The liberal movements, on the other hand,
  consider a person to be Jewish if either of his
  parents was Jewish and the child was raised
  Jewish.
• Non-Jews are called Gentiles

http//www.jewfaq.org/whoisjew.htm
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Who is a Jew?

• It is important to note that being a Jew has
  nothing to do with what you believe or what you
  do.
• A person born to non-Jewish parents who has not
  undergone the formal process of conversion but
  who believes everything that Orthodox Jews
  believe and observes every law and custom of
  Judaism is still a non-Jew

http//www.jewfaq.org/whoisjew.htm
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Who is a Jew?

• In this sense, Judaism is more like a nationality
  than like other religions, and being Jewish is
  like a citizenship.
• Once a person has converted to Judaism, he is not
  referred to by any special term he is as much a
  Jew as anyone born Jewish.

http//www.jewfaq.org/whoisjew.htm