Ch 9 Infrastructure of Selected Countries

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(No Transcript)
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• BEMs

Chapter
9
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Stages of Economic Development
1. The Traditional Society 2. The Pre Conditions
for Take-off 3. The Take-Off 4. The Drive to Ma
turity
5. The Age of High Mass Consumption
9-2
SOURCES Walt W. Rostow, The Stages of Economic
Growth 2d ed. (London Cambridge University Pres
s, 1971), p.10.

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United Nations Economic Development System
More-Developed Countries (MDC)
9-3
Less-Developed Countries (LDC)
Least-Developed Countries (LLDC)
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Newly Industrialized Countries Growth Factors
? Political Stability ? Economic and Legal Refor
ms ? Entrepreneurship ? Central Planning ?
Outward Orientation ? Factors of Production ?
Industries Targeted for Growth
? Financial Incentives ? Privatized State-Owned
Enterprises ? Large, Accessible Markets ? Low
Tariffs
9-4
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Infrastructure of Selected Countries
9-5
SOURCES For additional information, see Interna
tional Marketing Data and Statistics, 19997
(London Euromonitor Pulications, 1997) and
Indicators of Market Size for 115 countries,
Country Monitor, December 25, 2000.
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Common Traits of Big Emerging Markets
? Are physically large. ? Have significant popul
ations. ? Represent considerable markets for a w
ide range of products. ? Have strong rates of
growth or the potential for significant growth.
? Have undertaken significant programs of
economic reform. ? Are of major political import
ance within their regions. ? Are "Regional Econo
mic Drivers". ? Will engender further expansion
in neighboring markets as they grow.
9-6
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Big Emerging Markets
Population GDP GDP Trade (millions) ( billion
s) (per capita) ( billions)
AsiaASEAN 434.8 666.0 15,317 1,294.8CEA
(Chinese Economic Area) 1,205.0 1,374.6 1,141 1,
109.0India 10,028.0 437.2 458 63.3South
Korea 43.7 476.0 10,063 280.5 Latin AmericaMexic
o 97.4 486.1 4,992 328.4 Argentina 35.7 283.1 7,
740 53.6 Brazil 158.6 551.8 3,305 108.6 Africa
South Africa 41.4 147.8 3,570 59.4
Europe Poland 38.7 135.3 3,500 26.4Turkey 58.6 1
89.2 3,027 63.4 Possible AdditionsColombia 41.6
91.5 2,201 24.9Venezuela 23.7 102.1 4,307 40.9
9-7
Imports and exports. ASEAN includes Brunei, In
donesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore,
Thailand, Vietnam. CEA consists of the provinces
of Southern China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.
SOURCES For additional information, see
indicators of Market Size for 115 countries,
Country Monitor. December 25,
2000. Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook,
1999. International Monetary Fund, 2000, and
visit www.stat-usa.gov/bems/bemschi/bemschi.html/.

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The Americas (BEMs)
9-8
Mexico
Brazil
Argentina
Other Emerging Markets Chile, Venezuela
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Eastern Europe and the Baltic States
Gulf of Finland
Other Emerging Markets Czech Republic, Greece
BalticSea
9-10
Poland
BlackSea
Turkey
Adriatic Sea
TyrmenianSea
AegeanSea
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
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Asia
South Korea
9-12
India

• ASEAN includes Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia,
  Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam.
  
• CEA consists of the provinces of Southern China,
  Hong Kong, and Taiwan.
  

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Living Standards in Selected Countries
Percent of Households Households Persons per
Piped Flush Electric (000) Household Water Toi
lers Lighting
Brazil 38,434 4.05 73 76 69
Chile 3,216 4.35 70 59 88 China 357,064 3.40
90 NA NA Colombia 8,482 4.14 76 64 87 Ecuad
or 2,626 4.36 52 33 62 Hong Kong 1,797 3.44 98
80 93 India 185,048 5.00 10 5 16 Indones
ia 43,065 4.50 12 15 30 Japan 40,548 3.09 93
65 98 Peru 5,057 4.65 49 43 48 Philippines
12,750 5.37 NA NA NA Singapore 815 3.67 48 42
37 South Africa 13,300 3.37 96 35 90 United
States 100,308 2.62 99 99 99
9-16
SOURCES For additional data, see Demographic
Yearbook 1997
(New York United Nations, 1997) and
International Marketing Data
Statistics, 18th ed. (London
Euromonitor Publications, 1997).
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Which of the Following have you Purchased in the
Past Three Months?
Product Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Pe
rcent in in in in in in United Australia Brazi
l Germany Japan United
States Kingdom
9-17
Soft drinks 96 90 93 83 91 94
Fast-food 94 94 91 70 86 85 Athletic footwear 59
40 54 33 30 49 Blue jeans 56 39 62 45 42 44 B
eer 46 50 60 46 57 57 Cigarettes 24 33 30 38 3
9 40
Among adults 18. Source Yankelovich Clancy
Shulman.
SOURCE Nancy Giges, "Global Spending Patterns
Emerge," Advertising Age, November 11, 1991,
p. 64.

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Consumption Patterns in Selected Countries
(percent of household expenditures)
U.S. Germany Singapore Mexico Poland Iran Kenya T
hailand India
Food 10 12 19 35 29 37 38 30 52
Clothing 6 7 8 10 9 9 7 16 11
Gross rent 18 18 11 8 6 23 12 7 10
Medical care 14 13 7 5 6 6 3 5 3
Education 8 6 12 5 7 5 10 5 4
Transport/communications 14 13 13 12 8 6 8
13 7 Appliances/other durables 30 31 30 2
5 35 14 22 24 13
9-18
SOURCE For additional data, see Ricardo Sookdeo
, "The New global consumer."Fortune,
Autumn-Winter 1993, pp. 68-72.

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Living Standards in Selected Countries
Percent of Households Country Household Perso
ns per Piped Flush Electric (000) Household Wa
ter Toilets Lighting
Brazil 38,434 4.05 73 76 69
Chile 3,216 4.35 70 59 88 China 357,064 3.40
90 N/A N/A Colombia 8,482 4.14 76 64 87 Ecu
ador 2,626 4.36 52 33 62 Hong Kong 1,797 3.44
98 80 93 India 185,048 5.00 10 5 16 Indone
sia 43,065 4.50 12 15 30 Japan 40,548 3.09 93
65 98 Peru 5,057 4.65 49 43 48 Philippin
es 12,750 5.37 NA N/A N/A Singapore 815 3.67 48
42 37 South Korea 13,300 3.37 96 35 90 Un
ited States 100,308 2.62 99 99 99
9-19
SOURCE Demographic Yearbook 1997 (New York
United Nation, 1997) and International Marketing
Data and Statistics, 1997 (London Euromonitor
Publication, 1997)