SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES

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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Sole marks
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Flute casts
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Tool marks
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Flame Structures
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or
Which Way is UP? Load structures
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or
Which Way is UP? Mudcracks
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or
Which Way is UP? Planar Cross-beds
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or
Which Way is UP? Trough Cross-beds
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or
Which Way is UP? Oscillation ripples
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or
Which Way is UP? Tool marks
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or
Which Way is UP? Fossils
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or
Which Way is UP? Fossils
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Sedimentary Structures Geopetal Structures or
Which Way is UP? Raindrop Impressions
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Interpretation of Sedimentary Rocks Provide
information about conditions in and near the
site of deposition Such as source area from
composition amount of transport erosion Qtz
vs. Feldspar (clay and iron compounds) vs
Ferromagnesians Immature vs mature
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
"Systems of classification are not hatracks,
objectively presented to us by nature. They are
dynamic theories developed to express particular
views..." Stephen Jay Gould
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
TEXTURE
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks

• gt90 Quartz
• Cement silica
• calcite

Quartz Arenite
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks

• gt25 Feldspar
• Granitic source
• Remainder is quartz
• Cement clay
• calcite
• iron oxides

Feldspathic Arenite Arkose
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks

• gt33 rock fragments
• Immature sandstone
• Poorly sorted, angular
• Remainder is quartz,
• feldspar
• Cement very little
• mostly clays

Lithic Arenite Greywacke
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
Carbonates
Composition Carbonate rocks consist of limestone
and dolostone. The minerals present in each are
Limestone Calcite Aragonite Dolostone
Dolomite
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
Carbonates Most of marine origin Directly or
indirectly related to biological
processes Skeletal remains may be visible Can
be evaporites Changes in water temp.,
alkalinity, CO2 conc. Clear, shallow tropical
waters
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SEDIMENTARY ARCHIVES
Classification of Sedimentary Rocks
Carbonates Characteristics of most marine
carbonate environments Warm water Tropical
climate (30 N - 30 S of equator) Shallow
water (less than 200 m deep) Clear water (low to
no terrigenous input) Sunlight required for
photosynthesis by algae