Isaiah 9.1-7 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Isaiah 9.1-7

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The people who are walking in darkness have seen a great light, Those who live in the land of deep darkness, light has shined on them. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Isaiah 9.1-7


1
The King of Kings
  • Isaiah 9.1-7

2
Isaiah 9.1
  • There is no gloom for her who is oppressed. In
    the early times, the territory of Zebulun and
    Naphtali was made light of, but in the latter. .
    . the Way of the Sea, across the Jordan, Galilee
    of the nations will be honored.

3
Isaiah 9.2-3
  • The people who are walking in darkness have seen
    a great light,
  • Those who live in the land of deep darkness,
    light has shined on them.
  • You have multiplied the nation,
  • You have made great its joy.
  • They rejoice before you like the gladness at
    harvest,
  • just like the joy at the dividing of the spoil.

4
Isaiah 9.4-5
  • For the yoke, its burden and the rod, its
    shoulders, the club of their oppressors,
  • You have shattered like on the day of Midian.
  • Surely, all boots, treading tumultuously,
  • and garments rolled up in blood,
  • have been burned by the consuming fire.

5
Isaiah 9.6
  • For a child has been born for us,
  • a son has been given to us.
  • And authority will be on his shoulder,
  • And his name will be called
  • Marvelous Counselor
  • Divine Warrior
  • Eternal Father
  • Prince of Peace.

6
Isaiah 9.7
  • Authority in abundance and in peace without end
  • upon the throne of David
  • and upon his kingdom.
  • To establish it
  • and to sustain it,
  • in justice
  • and in righteousness
  • from now and forevermore.
  • The zeal of Yahweh Sabaoth will do this.

7
Historical Settings
  • Isaiah 9.1 places the liturgical poem of 9.2-7 in
    the historical context of 733/32.
  • The "early times" look back at Isaiah 6-8, while
    the "latter" refers to proceeding chapters.
  • Zebulun, Naphtali, the Way of the Sea, across the
    Jordan, Galilee . . . . (a hint of Gideon the
    Midianites)?

8
1. The Darkness that Precedes
  • Isaiah 9.2 refers to "darkness" "deep darkness"
    like Psalm 23.
  • King Ahaz - 2 Kgs 16.2b-3 ". . . He did not do
    what was right in the eyes of Yahweh, . . . . He
    even made his son pass through fire, according to
    the abominable practices of the nations. . . ."

9
1. The Darkness that Precedes
  • King Ahaz - 2 Kgs 16.4 ". . . He sacrificed and
    made offerings on the high places on the hills
    and under every green tree."

10
1. The Darkness that Precedes
  • In Isaiah 7 - Isaiah the prophet offers King Ahaz
    a sign . . . any sign he wanted. (a hint of the
    Gideon story!)?
  • But Ahaz lacked Trust/Faith in Yahweh
  • A sign is still offered by Isaiah ". . . a sign
    to you all, "a pregnant young woman and she is
    about to give birth to a son. Let her name him
    Immanuel"

11
1. Darkness the Nativity
  • Political darkness in the form of Herod and the
    Roman Empire
  • Darkness as seen and heard at the murder of the
    children of Bethlehem, i.e. "Rachel weeping for
    her children. . . ." (Matt 2.16-18)?
  • A Spiritual darkness at the time.

12
7 O'Clock News Silent Night
13
2. The Light of Victory
  • The great light that out-shines darkness of every
    form refers to the historical victory of Assyria
    over the Syro-Ephraimite league, thereby
    protecting Judah.
  • However a victory beyond that is sought.

14
2. The Light of Victory
  • Resulting in
  • 1. Enlargement of the nation a great joy like
    harvest like dividing plunder.
  • 2. A total deliverance from oppression yoke, rod
    club.

15
2. Victory Midian, Assyrian and Future
  • "like on the day of Midian"
  • 1. Both the Midianites and the Assyrians threaten
    Israel's Zebulun Naphtali played an important
    role (Judg 6.35 Isa 9.1)?

16
2. Victory Midian, Assyrian and Future
  • "like on the day of Midian"
  • 2. Midianites always came at harvest (Judg
    6.4-5). After the victory against the Midianites
    there was war plunder (Judg 8.24-25 Isa 9.3)?

17
2. Victory Midian, Assyrian and Future
  • "like on the day of Midian"
  • 3. Gideon refused to become king since it was
    Yahweh himself who was to rule his people (Judg
    8.22-23) n.b. "Yahweh will rule over you all."
    This should be compared with Isa 9.6-7 where the
    new king will rule by the power of Yahweh.

18
2. Victory Midian, Assyrian and Future
  • "like on the day of Midian"
  • 4. When Gideon was originally called into service
    he states, ". . . if Yahweh is with us, why has
    all this happened to us . . . .?" (Judg 6.13)?
  • Yahweh's response is ". . . I will be with you .
    . . ." (Judg 6.16)?
  • This is the context of the request for a sign!

19
2. Victory Midian, Assyrian and Future
  • "like on the day of Midian"
  • 5. Gideon attacks the Midianites at night (Judg
    7.9ff) and by morning Israel's victory was seen.
    This parallels the light shining in the darkness
    of Isa 9.2.

20
3. A Child/Son
  • The Crucial verses about a child/son and his
    authority seem to function as a royal
    annunciation or in a royal accession ceremony.
  • The Egyptians used 5 names, while the Assyrians
    used 4 very similar to those mentioned here.

21
3. A Child/Son
  • Scholars argue that originally the names were
    meant for Hezekiah, the son of Ahaz. Although
    Hezekiah was to go on to be a great king, like
    all biblical characters he never fulfills his
    full potential.

22
3. A Child/Son Marvelous Counselor
  • This king will be an able political guide and
    leader.
  • This king will be a "planner of marvels"
  • This king will not need advice for the royal
    counselors.

23
3. A Child/Son Divine Warrior
  • Rather than the traditional translation "mighty
    God"
  • Exod 15.3 "Yahweh is a warrior, Yahweh is his
    name!"
  • This king will have all power, especially
    military at his disposal.

24
3. A Child/Son Eternal Father
  • This title has not been appreciated because of a
    poor understanding of the doctrine of the
    Trinity.
  • This title "relates to the generative,
    guaranteeing powers of the king, a massive
    antidote to anxiety when things seem to be out of
    control." (Brueggemann)?
  • Nothing will be out of control!

25
3. A Child/Son Prince of Peace
  • This king will bring about an order unlike the
    chaos of most human regimes.
  • It will be characterized by "authority in
    abundance and peace without end. . . in justice
    and in righteousness. . . ." (Isa 9.7)?

26
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