Protein

1
Protein

• FCS 2472C
• M. Burns, PhD, RD

2
Protein

• Proteis -- of great importance
• 70-105 grams or 12-15 kcals
• Foods high in protein?

3
Chemists View

• Amino acids
• essential
• non-essential
• Polypeptides
• peptide bonds
• CHON

4
Factors determining structure

• sequence/order of amino acids
• special side chain
• acidic, basic, repel water
• not straight, flat chains
• coils, pleated sheets

5
Functions

• Structural
• Enzymes
• Transportation
• Antibodies

• Hormones
• Fluid balance
• Acid balance

6
Protein Digestion

• Stomach
• acid uncoils protein into smaller polypeptides -
  denatured
• Small intestine
• specific enzymes break down polypeptides into
  amino acids

7
Protein Absorption

• Small Intestine
• Amino acids are absorbed directly into the blood
  stream and head to the liver.
• Large intestine
• Little digestion occurs

8
Protein Metabolism

• Protein Synthesis
• DNA sends out message with the
• AAs alphabet
• protein words
• DNA dictionary

9
Processes

• deamination
• removal of N
• glucose, fat, energy, amino acid
• transamination
• limiting amino acid

10
Recommendations

• 10-15 kcal
• .8g/kg body weight or inside cover of text for
  RDA
• 2/3 from plant and 1/3 animal
• increased needs during times of growth-pregnancy,
  childhood

11
Just a Taste

• Can you meet all the nutrient needs by
  following a vegan diet?