Republic of Kazakhstan: Status of Climate Change Activities

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Republic of Kazakhstan Status of Climate Change
Activities

• Population 15,8 million
• GDP 24,22 billion
• Energy Prod. 64,78 Mtoe
• Net Imports -26,73 Mtoe
• TPES. 38,42 Mtoe 2,43
  toe/capita 1,59 toe/1000
• Power Consumption. 50,66 Twh
  3206 kWh/capita
• CO2 Emissions 1126,65 Mt of CO2 8,02 t
  CO2/capita 5,23 kg CO2/

Kanat Baigarin, Head of the Climate Change
Coordination Center
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Steps of Kazakhstan on UNFCCC Status Development
UNFCCC is ratified
1995
Kyoto Protocol is signed
1999
First National Communication, GHG
Inventory - 1990 and 1994
Decision to join Annex 1, COP-5 - 2000
2000
Voluntary obligation on Art. 4.2g UNFCCC
Government Decree on IACCC Climate Change
Coordination Center
GHG Inventory for 1992 and Identification of
1992 as a base year
National System for CDM/JI projects review and
approval. GHG Registry.
2001
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Republic of Kazakhstan Inter-Agency Coordination
on Climate Change
Government
Interagency Commission on Ratification of the
Kyoto Protocol and Implementation of Rks
Obligations Under UNFCCC (IACCC) Ministry of
Economy and Trade Ministry of Foreign
Affaires Ministry of Natural Resources and
Environment Protection Ministry of
Agriculture Ministry of Energy and Mineral
Resources Ministry of
Transport and Communications Ministry of
Justice Ministry of Finance Agency on
Strategic Planning, Observers NGO
Representatives, Parliament Representatives,
Representatives of Donor Countries and
Organizations, Representatives of Business
Climate Change Coordination Center (Executive
Body of IACCC)
Inventory and Monitoring of GHG Sinks and Sources
Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Measures
International Negotiation Process
Development of Regulatory Basis
Transfer and Introduction of Technologies
WORKING GROUPS
Energy Sector (Energy-saving and Efficiency,
Alternative Energy Sources)
Non-energy Sector (Industry, Land-use, Etc.)
Introduction of Flexible Market Mechanisms and JI
Projects
Strategy, Microeconomic Analyses and GHG
Emissions Forecast
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Climate Change Coordination Center
www.climate.kz Web - Site Project Pipeline
National System for CDM/JI Projects Review and
Approval
Climate Change Coordination Center
Project Development Unified Project Design
Document (UPDD) Launch of Pilot Projects
Prototype National GHG Registry GHG Emissions
Inventory
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Functions of CCCC

• Functions of the Center as executive body of the
  Interagency Commission
• The Center is responsible for oversight of
  greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction projects
• The Center advises the Government of Kazakhstan
  on development of mechanisms for registration and
  approval of GHG emission allowances (credits).
• Creation of the national system for evaluation of
  potential GHG reduction projects on the basis of
  environmental, national development, and
  financial considerations.
• The Center creates the basis of a national system
  for legal and institutional regulation of
  environmental activities taking into account
  flexible market mechanisms.
• To promote development of the national process
  the Center should
• Consolidate activities on climate change
  abatement within the country and at the
  international level
• Develop a National Strategy for GHG reduction
• Facilitate promotion of public activities and
  interest in implementation of the UNFCCC.
• Initiate involvement of environmental NGOs and
  business in the process
• Compile a library of international experience on
  climate change topics
• Inform the public on the challenges of climate
  change and its impacts on environment, health and
  economic development

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Accomplishments in Kazakhstan (1)

• IAC and CCC functioning widely recognized
• Contacts w/JICDM offices around world
• Draft MOUs with Dutch, World Bank, others
• Training/seminars in project prep, JI/CDM
  methodologies
• Project Developers Manual Distributed
• CDM/JI Baseline Assessment, Validation,
  Monitoring, Verification and Certification
  procedures accepted as basis for official
  standards

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Accomplishments in Kazakhstan (2)

• Draft registry designed and accepted
• Extensive networking with project developers and
  potential investors -- 40 projects and 8 UPDDs
• Web site www.climate.kz up in 2 weeks
• project pipeline, database of developers,
  registry, hot links, general info.
• Draft laws On Air Protection and On Ozone
  Layer Protection and Climate
• CCC to coordinate inter-agency task force on
  energy efficiency (prepare strategy in 2001,
  begin implementation in 2002)

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Legislation Development
Existing laws
Laws under development
Atmospheric Air Protection Law
Environment Protection Law, 1997
Climate and Ozone Layer Protection Law
Energy-saving Law, 1997
Normative and sub-law acts
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National Priorities

• Creation of legal basis for realization of
  economic mechanisms for natural resources
  management using the new law on atmospheric air
  protection
• Approval and introduction of internal
  procedures for consideration, assessment,
  verification, monitoring and validation of CDM/JI
  projects on GHG reduction
• Integration of GHG inventory in the national
  statistical reporting system and the national
  system of environmental monitoring
• Development of the National Strategy on
  greenhouse gas emission reduction and improvement
  of energy-efficiency.
• It is also needed
• 1. To develop a target short-term program on
  energy-saving and greenhouse gas emission
  reduction
• 2. To develop Feasibility Studies and to launch
  pilot projects on GHG emission reduction, the
  top priority directions for projects are
• Energy-efficiency and energy-saving in cities
  both in the sector of energy production and in
  the sector of energy consumption
• Energy supply in rural areas through introduction
  of autonomous systems using small energy
  resources mini hydropower stations, wind
  stations, small diesel plants, etc.
• Construction of large wind power stations
• Utilization of associate gas on oil fields
• Utilization of mine methane

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Short-term outlook
To start in 2001 developing legal and
institutional infrastructure for creation of
market for carbon credits. To introduce the act
regulating the National Registry of GHG emissions
from GHG sources and of GHG sequestration by
sinks To introduce the new law On
atmospheric air protection, providing for legal
regulation of emissions through use of economic
mechanisms, that also allows to regulate GHG
emission reduction according to the ultimate
goals of the UNFCCC, ratified by Kazakhstan.
To conclude a relevant agreement and to launch
pilot JI projects with external investors for
development of normative and legal mechanisms
and for technical adjustment of CDM/JI projects
to the countrys economy To begin establishing
legal and technical basis and system of voluntary
reduction, limitation and emission trade for
enterprises and firms of the country with further
distribution of the resulting credits among them
at the internal market, as well as at the
external market To establish Kazakhstans
Carbon Fund as a mechanism of governmental
participation in realization and financing of
CDM/JI projects.