Revise for GCSE Humanities: The 1950s

1
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
This is the third of nine revision
topics. America and the Cold War America in the
1950s Affluent Society Black Americans in the
1950s Kennedy and the New Frontier Civil Rights
to Black Power Defeat in Vietnam Cold War to
Détente Nixon and Watergate How to use this
Revision Presentation. The Presentation is
divided into four sections. Spend about 10
minutes revising each section. Write Revision
Notes, label them clearly and keep them all in
one place. Return to this Presentation often to
help embed your learning.
2
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans

• There are four sections to this topic.
• Segregation
• Causes of Change
• Topeka and Little Rock
• Montgomery and MLK
• Spend about 10 minutes revising each section.
• Write Revision Notes, title them clearly and keep
  them all in one place.

3
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
These are the sections of this topic. Segregation
Causes of Change Topeka and Little
Rock Montgomery and MLK When you have finished,
go to the next page to check.
4
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Here are the sections of this topic. Segregation
Causes of Change Topeka and Little
Rock Montgomery and MLK Pause the presentation
and write the list.
5
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Check you have written out the list
correctly. Segregation Causes of Change Topeka
and Little Rock Montgomery and MLK Now move on
to learn some facts about each one.
6
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out this revision list. Segregation Black
people were kept separate from whites. Black
Americans had inferior facilities and
opportunities separate waiting rooms in bus
stations, separate restaurants, schools,
hospitals, launderettes and drinking
fountains. Segregated schools for Black children
were not as well equipped. It was difficult for
Black Americans to get better paid jobs as they
were discriminated against. Pause Now! When you
have finished, move to the next page.
7
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out the revision list from
memory. Segregation Black people were kept
separate from whites. Black Americans had
inferior facilities and opportunities separate
waiting rooms in bus stations, separate
restaurants, schools, hospitals, launderettes and
drinking fountains. Segregated schools for Black
children were not as well equipped. It was
difficult for Black Americans to get better paid
jobs as they were discriminated against. Pause
Now! When you have finished, move to the next
page.
8
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Check you have written out the revision list
correctly. Segregation Black people were kept
separate from whites. Black Americans had
inferior facilities and opportunities separate
waiting rooms in bus stations, separate
restaurants, schools, hospitals, launderettes and
drinking fountains. Segregated schools for Black
children were not as well equipped. It was
difficult for Black Americans to get better paid
jobs as they were discriminated against. Pause
Now! When you have finished, move to the next
page.
9
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Now read the notes for the revision
list. Segregation Black people were kept
separate from whites. Black Americans had
inferior facilities and opportunities separate
waiting rooms in bus stations, separate
restaurants, schools, hospitals, launderettes and
drinking fountains. Segregated schools for Black
children were not as well equipped. It was
difficult for Black Americans to get better paid
jobs as they were discriminated against. Pause
Now! When you have finished, move to the next
page.
10
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out the revision list again, from
memory. Segregation Black people were kept
separate from whites. Black Americans had
inferior facilities and opportunities separate
waiting rooms in bus stations, separate
restaurants, schools, hospitals, launderettes and
drinking fountains. Segregated schools for Black
children were not as well equipped. It was
difficult for Black Americans to get better paid
jobs as they were discriminated against. Pause
Now! When you have finished, move to the section
.
11
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Check you have written out the revision list
correctly. Segregation Black people were kept
separate from whites. Black Americans had
inferior facilities and opportunities separate
waiting rooms in bus stations, separate
restaurants, schools, hospitals, launderettes and
drinking fountains. Segregated schools for Black
children were not as well equipped. It was
difficult for Black Americans to get better paid
jobs as they were discriminated against. Pause
Now! When you have finished, move to the next
page on why it was hard to end segregation.
12
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out this revision list. Why it was
difficult to end Segregation It was difficult to
end segregation because it formed part of the
southern way of life. Segregation went back to
the days of slavery and as a result white
Americans viewed Blacks as inferior. Segregation
was supported by laws in the south, which Blacks
were unable to change, because they did not have
the vote and the Federal Government was unwilling
to challenge it until the 1950s. Attempts to
speak out against segregation took great bravery
and were met with violence and sometimes death.
Pause Now! When you have finished, move to the
next page.
13
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out the revision list from memory. Why it
was difficult to end Segregation It was difficult
to end segregation because it formed part of the
southern way of life. Segregation went back to
the days of slavery and as a result white
Americans viewed Blacks as inferior. Segregation
was supported by laws in the south, which Blacks
were unable to change, because they did not have
the vote and the Federal Government was unwilling
to challenge it until the 1950s. Attempts to
speak out against segregation took great bravery
and were met with violence and sometimes death.
Pause Now! When you have finished, move to the
next page.
14
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Check you have written out the revision list
correctly. Why it was difficult to end
Segregation It was difficult to end segregation
because it formed part of the southern way of
life. Segregation went back to the days of
slavery and as a result white Americans viewed
Blacks as inferior. Segregation was supported by
laws in the south, which Blacks were unable to
change, because they did not have the vote and
the Federal Government was unwilling to challenge
it until the 1950s. Attempts to speak out against
segregation took great bravery and were met with
violence and sometimes death. . Pause Now! When
you have finished, move to the next page.
15
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Now read the notes for the revision list. Why it
was difficult to end Segregation It was difficult
to end segregation because it formed part of the
southern way of life. Segregation went back to
the days of slavery and as a result white
Americans viewed Blacks as inferior. Segregation
was supported by laws in the south, which Blacks
were unable to change, because they did not have
the vote and the Federal Government was unwilling
to challenge it until the 1950s. Attempts to
speak out against segregation took great bravery
and were met with violence and sometimes death.
. Pause Now! When you have finished, move to
the next page.
16
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out the revision list again, from
memory. Why it was difficult to end
Segregation It was difficult to end segregation
because it formed part of the southern way of
life. Segregation went back to the days of
slavery and as a result white Americans viewed
Blacks as inferior. Segregation was supported by
laws in the south, which Blacks were unable to
change, because they did not have the vote and
the Federal Government was unwilling to challenge
it until the 1950s. Attempts to speak out against
segregation took great bravery and were met with
violence and sometimes death. Pause Now! When
you have finished, move to the section .
17
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Check you have written out the revision list
correctly. Why it was difficult to end
Segregation It was difficult to end segregation
because it formed part of the southern way of
life. Segregation went back to the days of
slavery and as a result white Americans viewed
Blacks as inferior. Segregation was supported by
laws in the south, which Blacks were unable to
change, because they did not have the vote and
the Federal Government was unwilling to challenge
it until the 1950s. Attempts to speak out against
segregation took great bravery and were met with
violence and sometimes death. Pause Now! When
you have finished, move to the next page on why
it was hard to end segregation.
18
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out this revision list. Causes of
Change The experience of WW2, when Black
Americans had fought for freedom and democracy,
yet were denied it when they came home. Emmett
Till was beaten to death who wolf-whistling a
white woman in Mississippi. His murderers were
acquitted by a southern Jury. The outrage in the
black community led to the start of the Civil
Rights Movement. The leadership of individuals,
like Martin Luther King (MLK). The success of
peaceful protests at Montgomery and Little
Rock. Television, which showed the segregation in
a bad light. Pause Now! When you have finished,
move to the next page.
19
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out the revision list from memory. Causes
of Change The experience of WW2, when Black
Americans had fought for freedom and democracy,
yet were denied it when they came home. Emmett
Till was beaten to death who wolf-whistling a
white woman in Mississippi. His murderers were
acquitted by a southern Jury. The outrage in the
black community led to the start of the Civil
Rights Movement. The leadership of individuals,
like Martin Luther King (MLK). The success of
peaceful protests at Montgomery and Little
Rock. Television, which showed the segregation in
a bad light. Pause Now! When you have finished,
move to the next page.
20
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Check you have written out the revision list
correctly. Causes of Change The experience of
WW2, when Black Americans had fought for freedom
and democracy, yet were denied it when they came
home. Emmett Till was beaten to death who
wolf-whistling a white woman in Mississippi. His
murderers were acquitted by a southern Jury. The
outrage in the black community led to the start
of the Civil Rights Movement. The leadership of
individuals, like Martin Luther King (MLK). The
success of peaceful protests at Montgomery and
Little Rock. Television, which showed the
segregation in a bad light. Pause Now! When you
have finished, move to the next page.
21
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Now read the notes for the revision list. Causes
of Change The experience of WW2, when Black
Americans had fought for freedom and democracy,
yet were denied it when they came home. Emmett
Till was beaten to death who wolf-whistling a
white woman in Mississippi. His murderers were
acquitted by a southern Jury. The outrage in the
black community led to the start of the Civil
Rights Movement. The leadership of individuals,
like Martin Luther King (MLK). The success of
peaceful protests at Montgomery and Little
Rock. Television, which showed the segregation in
a bad light. Pause Now! When you have finished,
move to the next page.
22
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out the revision list from memory. Causes
of Change The experience of WW2, when Black
Americans had fought for freedom and democracy,
yet were denied it when they came home. Emmett
Till was beaten to death who wolf-whistling a
white woman in Mississippi. His murderers were
acquitted by a southern Jury. The outrage in the
black community led to the start of the Civil
Rights Movement. The leadership of individuals,
like Martin Luther King (MLK). The success of
peaceful protests at Montgomery and Little
Rock. Television, which showed the segregation in
a bad light. Pause Now! When you have finished,
move to the next page.
23
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Check you have written out the revision list
correctly. Causes of Change The experience of
WW2, when Black Americans had fought for freedom
and democracy, yet were denied it when they came
home. Emmett Till was beaten to death who
wolf-whistling a white woman in Mississippi. His
murderers were acquitted by a southern Jury. The
outrage in the black community led to the start
of the Civil Rights Movement. The leadership of
individuals, like Martin Luther King (MLK). The
success of peaceful protests at Montgomery and
Little Rock. Television, which showed the
segregation in a bad light. . When you have
checked, move to the next page about Topeka and
Little Rock.
24
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out this revision list. Topeka and Little
Rock Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka. May
1954, segregation in education declared illegal
by the Supreme Court (top legal court in the
USA). Southern States resist integration (mixing)
of children in schools. Ku Klux Klan active in
terrorising Blacks with beatings and lynchings.
1957 Little Rock High School decided to let nine
black students enrol. Orval Faubus, State
Governor, used National Guardsmen to keep them
out. Students unprotected from a violent mob of
white adults and students. Next day allowed in,
with a police escort. Press and world TV coverage
embarrassed President Eisenhower. National Guard
and Federal Troops used to protect the nine for
the rest of the year. Significance of Little
Rock President became involved to guarantee Civil
Rights. States would be over-ruled by Federal
Government. TV and newspaper coverage embarrassed
USA into change. Many Americans made aware for
the first time of the racism in the south. Pause
Now! When you have finished, move to the next
page.
25
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out the revision list. Topeka and Little
Rock Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka. May
1954, segregation in education declared illegal
by the Supreme Court (top legal court in the
USA). Southern States resist integration (mixing)
of children in schools. Ku Klux Klan active in
terrorising Blacks with beatings and lynchings.
1957 Little Rock High School decided to let nine
black students enrol. Orval Faubus, State
Governor, used National Guardsmen to keep them
out. Students unprotected from a violent mob of
white adults and students. Next day allowed in,
with a police escort. Press and world TV coverage
embarrassed President Eisenhower. National Guard
and Federal Troops used to protect the nine for
the rest of the year. Significance of Little
Rock President became involved to guarantee Civil
Rights. States would be over-ruled by Federal
Government. TV and newspaper coverage embarrassed
USA into change. Many Americans made aware for
the first time of the racism in the south. Pause
Now! When you have finished, move on to the next
page.
26
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Now read the notes for the revision list. Topeka
and Little Rock Brown vs. Board of Education of
Topeka. May 1954, segregation in education
declared illegal by the Supreme Court (top legal
court in the USA). Southern States resist
integration (mixing) of children in schools. Ku
Klux Klan active in terrorising Blacks with
beatings and lynchings. 1957 Little Rock High
School decided to let nine black students
enrol. Orval Faubus, State Governor, used
National Guardsmen to keep them out. Students
unprotected from a violent mob of white adults
and students. Next day allowed in, with a police
escort. Press and world TV coverage embarrassed
President Eisenhower. National Guard and Federal
Troops used to protect the nine for the rest of
the year. Significance of Little Rock President
became involved to guarantee Civil Rights. States
would be over-ruled by Federal Government. TV and
newspaper coverage embarrassed USA into
change. Many Americans made aware for the first
time of the racism in the south. Pause Now! When
you have finished, move to the next page.
27
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out the revision list. Topeka and Little
Rock Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka. May
1954, segregation in education declared illegal
by the Supreme Court (top legal court in the
USA). Southern States resist integration (mixing)
of children in schools. Ku Klux Klan active in
terrorising Blacks with beatings and lynchings.
1957 Little Rock High School decided to let nine
black students enrol. Orval Faubus, State
Governor, used National Guardsmen to keep them
out. Students unprotected from a violent mob of
white adults and students. Next day allowed in,
with a police escort. Press and world TV coverage
embarrassed President Eisenhower. National Guard
and Federal Troops used to protect the nine for
the rest of the year. Significance of Little
Rock President became involved to guarantee Civil
Rights. States would be over-ruled by Federal
Government. TV and newspaper coverage embarrassed
USA into change. Many Americans made aware for
the first time of the racism in the south. Pause
Now! When you have finished, move on to the next
page.
28
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Check your learning of the revision list. Topeka
and Little Rock Brown vs. Board of Education of
Topeka. May 1954, segregation in education
declared illegal by the Supreme Court (top legal
court in the USA). Southern States resist
integration (mixing) of children in schools. Ku
Klux Klan active in terrorising Blacks with
beatings and lynchings. 1957 Little Rock High
School High School decided to let nine black
students to enrol. Orval Faubus, State Governor,
used National Guardsmen to keep them out.
Students unprotected from a violent mob of white
adults and students. Next day allowed in, with a
police escort. Press and world TV coverage
embarrassed President Eisenhower. National Guard
and Federal Troops used to protect the nine for
the rest of the year. Significance of Little
Rock President became involved to guarantee Civil
Rights. States would be over-ruled by Federal
Government. TV and newspaper coverage embarrassed
USA into change. Many Americans made aware for
the first time of the racism in the south. Pause
Now! When ready, go to the next part about the
Montgomery Bus Boycott.
29
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out this revision list. Montgomery and
MLK December 1955 Rosa Parks refuses to give up
her bus seat to a white passenger. Arrested and
fined 10. Friends and family start a 24 hour
protest. Black passengers account for 75 of
passengers, so protest extended. One of the
leaders was a young black minister, Martin Luther
King (MLK). King believed that mass non-violent
protest was the best way to resist
injustice. Homes of leading blacks attacked.
Kings home bombed. November 1956, Supreme Court
rules that segregated buses are illegal. 20th
December desegregated buses in Montgomery. Importa
nce First civil rights victory, began the Civil
Rights Movement (CRM) Brought M L King to
leadership of the movement Established
non-violent protest. Pause Now! When you have
finished, move to the next page.
30
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out the revision list again. Montgomery and
MLK December 1955 Rosa Parks refuses to give up
her bus seat to a white passenger. Arrested and
fined 10. Friends and family start a 24 hour
protest. Black passengers account for 75 of
passengers, so protest extended. One of the
leaders was a young black minister, Martin Luther
King (MLK). King believed that mass non-violent
protest was the best way to resist
injustice. Homes of leading blacks attacked.
Kings home bombed. November 1956, Supreme Court
rules that segregated buses are illegal. 20th
December desegregated buses in Montgomery. Importa
nce First civil rights victory, began the Civil
Rights Movement (CRM) Brought M L King to
leadership of the movement Established
non-violent protest. Pause Now! When you have
finished, move to the next page.
31
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Now read the notes for the revision
list. Montgomery and MLK December 1955 Rosa Parks
refuses to give up her bus seat to a white
passenger. Arrested and fined 10. Friends and
family start a 24 hour protest. Black passengers
account for 75 of passengers, so protest
extended. One of the leaders was a young black
minister, Martin Luther King (MLK). King believed
that mass non-violent protest was the best way to
resist injustice. Homes of leading blacks
attacked. Kings home bombed. November 1956,
Supreme Court rules that segregated buses are
illegal. 20th December desegregated buses in
Montgomery. Importance First civil rights
victory, began the Civil Rights Movement
(CRM) Brought M L King to leadership of the
movement Established non-violent protest. Pause
Now! When you have finished, move to the next
page.
32
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Write out the revision list again. Montgomery and
MLK December 1955 Rosa Parks refuses to give up
her bus seat to a white passenger. Arrested and
fined 10. Friends and family start a 24 hour
protest. Black passengers account for 75 of
passengers, so protest extended. One of the
leaders was a young black minister, Martin Luther
King (MLK). King believed that mass non-violent
protest was the best way to resist
injustice. Homes of leading blacks attacked.
Kings home bombed. November 1956, Supreme Court
rules that segregated buses are illegal. 20th
December desegregated buses in Montgomery. Importa
nce First civil rights victory, began the Civil
Rights Movement (CRM) Brought M L King to
leadership of the movement Established
non-violent protest. Pause Now! When you have
finished, move to the next page.
33
Revise for GCSE Humanities Black Americans
Check your learning of the revision
list. Montgomery and MLK December 1955 Rosa Parks
refuses to give up her bus seat to a white
passenger. Arrested and fined 10. Friends and
family start a 24 hour protest. Black passengers
account for 75 of passengers, so protest
extended. One of the leaders was a young black
minister, Martin Luther King (MLK). King believed
that mass non-violent protest was the best way to
resist injustice. Homes of leading blacks
attacked. Kings home bombed. November 1956,
Supreme Court rules that segregated buses are
illegal. 20th December desegregated buses in
Montgomery. Importance First civil rights
victory, began the Civil Rights Movement
(CRM) Brought M L King to leadership of the
movement Established non-violent protest. Pause
Now! You have finished this unit. Keep your
notes safe and come back soon.