WELCOME

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• WELCOME

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Energy-Poverty Linkage

• The higher electricity tariff structure in rural
  islands inhibits the growth of the domestic
  economy and places a significant burden on rural
  households, which already have low income levels.

• The energy sector has not yet seen a cohesive
  approach towards stabilizing developmental
  imbalances

• Energy Sector - traditionally been a fragmented
  quasi-sector

• Current priorities of both GOM and
  NGO/multilateral agencies lean more towards the
  creation of uniform regulatory frameworks than
  towards the utilization of energy linkages with
  poverty to reduce socio-economic imbalances.

Some Key Data

• Virtually 100 of the fuel needs have to be
  imported

• Access to electricity has been achieved by almost
  all households

• 197 of the 199 inhabited islands receive
  electricity for at least five hours, and 82
  receiving it 24-hours a day.

• Renewable energy sources have failed to penetrate
  the energy mix

• Diesel fuel, imported at considerable expense,
  has a huge 83 share in the energy mix.

• Diesel is the primary fuel used in the transport
  and industrial sectors, and has near-total
  dominance in electricity generation.

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• Selection of Consultants

• Due to non availability of national expert and
  international expert was recruited supported
  with a local assistant.

• Constraints and Limitations

• Limited materials for a comprehensive desk study

• Brief visits to two islands

• Limited amount of time

• Key Stakeholders Consulted

• Ministry of Environment, Energy and Water

• Ministry of Transport and Communication

• Ministry of Fisheries and Agriculture

• STO, STELCO, IDC/WDC, Department of Public
  Health, Faculty of Engineering, Environmental
  Research Centre

• UNDP, UNICEF and FAO officials Consultants

• Data Sourcing and analyses

• Desk Reviews Field visits and consultation with
  IDC/WDCs Visited homes and enterprises like fish
  smoking and drying, handicraft centers etc.

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• Major Challenges and assessed gaps

• Lack of clear policies on utilization of RE
  resources and incentives for RE based programs
  and projects

• Inter-linkages on energy services at micro-level
  weak/missing

• Institutional linkages and coordination between
  Central and Island agencies inadequate

• R D capacities, especially in renewable energy
  limited Limited technical knowledge on RE/RETs

• Public-private partnership in energy utilization
  is limited to distribution only

• Inadequate technical capacity for running
  community-managed power supply.

• Capacity for information dissemination and ME
  limited.

• Limited sharing and learning through networking
  on alternate energy and on RETs application

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• Meeting the Challenges

• MEEW understaffed. Inadequate human resources for
  effective intervention in energy sector may
  emerge as a major stumbling block.

• Prioritise Human resource development in Energy
  Sector, Information analysis management, Program
  dev. implementation, Awareness creation
  demonstration, Monitoring evaluation Need for
  rapid assessment on existing capacities.

• There are no collaborations of note between
  STELCO and independent power producers to expand
  electricity access to the 117 islands (out of 199
  inhabited islands) that do not receive 24-hour
  electricity.

• MEEW MoAD MoT MoFT Comprehensive policy on
  liberalization of energy service provsions
  guidance and technical expertise on active entry
  of private sector into energy provisions and
  creating enabling environment for fair market
  competition

• Presence of large state-owned monopolies
  undermine the emergence of private sector Lack
  of financial mechanisms and discriminatory policy
  on funding/support of private sector.

• Formulate policies and regulations that will
  allow and encourage development of IPPs and local
  manufacturing of RE systems Encourage formation
  and participation of engineering associations.

• There is no documentation of Best
  practices/Lessons learnt

• Encourage exhibitions, seminars and workshops on
  renewable and energy efficient products and
  services.Built and strengthen collaborative
  research and development programs with the
  cooperation and collaboration of the center of
  excellence in the region such as Asian Institute
  of Technology, Thailand and other similar
  institutions in the Asia Pacific Region. Best
  practices on the energy production and uses
  especially linked to gender mainstreaming and
  poverty reduction from other countries of the
  region be collected and analyzed mainly from the
  point of view of its relevance and replication
  in the Maldives

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• Meeting the Challenges continued

• There are no formal information channels, in the
  form of exhibitions, seminars, brochures, and
  leaflets, available particularly to communities
  in outer islands, which do not receive adequate
  modern energy services and would benefit most
  from renewable energy technologies.

• Scaling- up of RETDAP and evolve it into
  Renewable Energy Development Programme

• There are no specific energy sector capacity
  development initiatives at the local level.

• With the re-structured institutional framework -
  NAEM and reforms that has taken place recently,
  more cross-sectoral synergies will be resulted.

• The current function of MEB is limited to setting
  engineering and safety standards and guidelines
  for tariff setting of electricity services. The
  regulation of all forms of energy is needed and
  would require a coordinated effort. Specific
  regulations for governing areas such as
  independent power generation and the pricing and
  the use of renewable energy technologies (RETs)
  would be required. An independent regulator with
  enforcement powers will be required for their
  implementation

• Inclusion of RE in the 7th National Development
  Plan (2006 2010) Ensuring equal representation
  of the MEEW/Energy Sector in the Planning process
  for NDP 7 Development of guidelines on incentives
  subsidy on RE. Finalize the National Energy
  Policy and Sustainable Energy Action Plans
  conduct awareness and info dissemination at
  national/local levels MEEW to take active part
  in formulation/implementation/monitoring of
  development plans at local levels (island and
  atoll development plans) MEEW to be represented
  in Steering Committees for multilateral and
  bilateral agency implemented projects

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WAY FORWARD
Human Resource Development in Energy Sector
Rapid Assessment and Action Plan
2006
MEEW, UNDP
Assessment of capacities Inventories of research
RD on Energy, particularly RE
MEEW, UNDP, Env. Research, Faculty of Engineering
ASAP
Development of financing modalities Guideline
procedures on RE financing
Financing mechanisms for RE
ASAP
MEEW, MAA, BOML, UNDP
Incorporate Gender Analysis into energy and
poverty reduction efforts
Development of guidelines orientation of
education programs micro finance for women, etc.
MEEW, MAA, Ministry of Gender, UNDP
Continuous process
Alternative fuels and clean energy
Assessment and integration within CDM
MEEW, MOTCA, UNDP
ASAP
Rights based approach
Awareness raising and sensitization
ASAP
UNDP, MEEW
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WAY FORWARD
RE Development RE promotion and application
Inclusion of 7th NDP Development of guidelines
on incentives subsidy on RE
MEEW, MPND with support from UNDP
Done
Long term
MEEW, UNDP/ADB, MOFT
Finalization and Implementation
National Energy Policy 2005
Done
MEEW
First Quarter 2006
Sustainable Energy Plan 2004
Finalization
MEEW
MEEW in cooperation with sectoral ministries and
donors
Information Dissemination of Energy Policy and
Sustainable Energy Plan
Awareness on policies and action plan at national
and atoll level
2006
Regional/Atoll/Island Development Plan
Addressing energy sector holistically
ASAP
MEEW, UNDP
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WAY FORWARD

• Identify priority action countries
• Training of UNDP staff on Rights based approach
  
  
• Integrate accurate indicators on energy access
  disparities for better monitoring

Priority Actions by UNDP Regional Centre
UNDP Regional Centre
Long-term RE Development Programme with focus on
substituting conventional energy with RE making
energy available, accessible and affordable to
all.

• RE development plan/program beyond 2010 with
  exploration of increasing share by RE resources
  and related technologies
  
• Scaling- up of RETDAP and evolve it into
  Renewable Energy Development Programme ( 5
  Years)
  

Beyond 2010 Dialogue/ feasibility to implement i
n 3 or 4 Atolls initially
MEEW UNDP UNDP Regional Center
MEEW, MCT UNDP CO UNDP Regional Center UN Agen
cies WHO/UNICEF

Priority sectors for introduction of clean
energy
Possible UN agencies Joint Programmes
Promotion of Rights based approach
Partnership with NGOs
Early action for seeking funding
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WAY FORWARD PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT
Develop Model RE Reliant Island through RETs
applications
Identify an island and develop the programme with
extensive application of RE options

Discuss initiative as early as possible
UNDP, Tsunami support organizations MEEW ADC/ID
C/WDC
Integrate clean energy/substitute/EE initiatives
into ongoing UNDP Regular and Post Tsunami
Programmes
Implement the suggested potential activities in
the Environmental Mainstreaming Guideline and
Implementation Note for UNDP Maldives Recovery
Program
Dialogue and consultation be renewed as soon as
possible
MEEW, UNDP, IFRC and other related Ministries
Coastal area protection through bio-fuel plantat
ion
Prepare action plan for reforestation projects
with a potential on coastal protection and
bio-fuels.

MEEW / MOFA FAO/UNDP
Establishment of Energy Development Fund
Micro-credit Schemes
Assessment of funding requirements for RE
initiatives and establishment of micro-credit sc
hemes using ADF

Dialogue with funding agencies for their
contribution,
UNDP, MOFT, MEEW
MEEW, UNDP CO, UNDP, Regional Center
Dialogue and feasibility as soon as possible
New Initiative for Alternative and Renewable
Energy Promotion and Development
Consideration for establishment of a Alternative
and Renewable Energy Promotion Center within the
MEEW / REDTAP scope of work

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WAY FORWARD
Documentation of Best Practices/Lessons Learnt
Initiate nation-wide documentation practices on
compiling/disseminating Best Practices/Lessons
Learnt
As early as feasible
MEEW UNDP CO
UNDP Regional Centre
Initial steps by UNDP to inventor/compile
related data on Energy sector with focus on RE,
with gradual transfer of it to MEEW and Maldives
Public Library
Initiation is underway.
Establish an Energy Information Resource Centre
Build and Strengthen Networking at the National,
Regional and International level
Provide MEEW with a list of potential regional
networks Identify National, Regional and Internat
ional Centers and build contacts and strengthen
networks for sharing of information, experiences
and technology development
UNDP/RC-INSE Denmark, INGSE RC SAARC Regions
Early action
Collaborate/ participate with Regional Research
and Dissemination program
Contact AIT, Thailand and join Renewable Energy
Technology in Asia, - Regional Research and
dissemination Program
Early action
MEEW Asian Institute of Technology, Tata Energy R
esearch Center etc

Initiate Energy Sector information exchange and
networking efforts
Identify, initiate, strengthen institutional
linkages/collaborations with organizations
RE Technology Promotion and Implementing
Organizations in Asia Pacific Region and SAARC
Region

As early as possible
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THANK YOU