Theories of Crime

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Theories of Crime
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Date Presenters Topic
M Mar 26 Stuart Brittany Eyewitness Suggestability?
(2) Jenna Crystal Eyewitness Accuracy
(3) Kaleena Shelley Offences Mental Illness
(4) Diane John Profiling
W Mar 28 Tisha Cobey Anni Buelles Jury selection process
(2) Adam Roop Violent Offenders Special Popns
(3) Carly Ashley Risk Assessment Violence Prediction
(4) Alison Nicole Child Custody
M Apr 2 Hayley Morgan Violent Offenders
(2) Scott Darcie Husbands Who Kill
(3) Meghan Mohammad False Confessions
(4) Chelsea Louise Female Sex Offenders
W Apr 4 Barbara Sweeney Tyler Douglas Interview Techniques
(2) Braden Kaitlyn Child eyewitness?
(3) Tyler Lee and Ashleigh Rowley Child eyewitness or interviewing
(4)
W Apr 11 Kim Ron Efficacy of Psychometrics
(2)
(3)
(4)
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Sociological Theories of Crime

• Social or cultural forces that exist prior to any
  criminal act

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Sociological Theories of Crime

• Social or cultural forces that exist prior to any
  criminal act
• Structural theories

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Sociological Theories of Crime

• Social or cultural forces that exist prior to any
  criminal act
• Structural theories
• Most people have similar aspirations
• Differential opportunity

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Sociological Theories of Crime

• Social or cultural forces that exist prior to any
  criminal act
• Structural theories
• Most people have similar aspirations
• Differential opportunity
• Rational crime

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Sociological Theories of Crime

• Social or cultural forces that exist prior to any
  criminal act
• Structural theories
• Most people have similar aspirations
• Differential opportunity
• Rational crime
• Subcultural theories
• Crime is the product of a deviation from the law

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Sociological Theories of Crime

• Social or cultural forces that exist prior to any
  criminal act
• Structural theories
• Most people have similar aspirations
• Differential opportunity
• Rational crime
• Subcultural theories
• Crime is the product of a deviation from the law
• Reaction formation

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Psychological Theories of Crime

• Psychoanalytic theories
• Freud inadequate identification with parents

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Psychological Theories of Crime

• Psychoanalytic theories
• Freud inadequate identification with parents
• Compulsive need for punishment to eliminate guilt

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Psychological Theories of Crime

• Psychoanalytic theories
• Freud inadequate identification with parents
• Compulsive need for punishment to eliminate guilt
• Bowlby attachment theory
• If bond with mother broken the child develops an
  inability to form functional social relationships

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Psychological Theories of Crime

• Personality defects
• Antisocial personality disorder aka psychopathy

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Psychological Theories of Crime

• Personality defects
• Antisocial personality disorder aka psychopathy
• Cortical immaturity impairs executive function

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Psychological Theories of Crime

• Personality defects
• Antisocial personality disorder aka psychopathy
• Cortical immaturity impairs executive function
• Stimulation-seeking

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Psychological Theories of Crime

• Personality defects
• Antisocial personality disorder aka psychopathy
• Cortical immaturity impairs executive function
• Stimulation-seeking
• Parental patterns

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Social Psychological Theories

• Social Learning Theory
• Vicarious learning or modeling

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Social Psychological Theories

• Social Learning Theory
• Vicarious learning or modeling
• Attend

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Social Psychological Theories

• Social Learning Theory
• Vicarious learning or modeling
• Attend
• Retain

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Social Psychological Theories

• Social Learning Theory
• Vicarious learning or modeling
• Attend
• Retain
• Reproduce

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Social Psychological Theories

• Social Learning Theory
• Vicarious learning or modeling
• Attend
• Retain
• Reproduce
• Reinforcement

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Social Psychological Theories

• Social Learning Theory
• Vicarious learning or modelling
• Attend
• Retain
• Reproduce
• Reinforcement
• Influences familial, subcultural, symbolic

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Social Psychological Theories

• Constitutional Learning Theory
  (Wilson Herrnstein, 1985)

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Social Psychological Theories

• Constitutional Learning Theory
  (Wilson Herrnstein, 1985)
• Ratio of gains and losses

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Social Psychological Theories

• Constitutional Learning Theory
  (Wilson Herrnstein, 1985)
• Ratio of gains and losses
• Time discounting

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Social Psychological Theories

• Constitutional Learning Theory
  (Wilson Herrnstein, 1985)
• Ratio of gains and losses
• Time discounting
• Equity theory

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Social Psychological Theories

• Constitutional Learning Theory
  (Wilson Herrnstein, 1985)
• Ratio of gains and losses
• Time discounting
• Equity theory
• Constitutional factors gender, arousal,
  impulsivity

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Biological Theories of Crime

• Somatic typology (Sheldon, 1942)
• Endomorph
• Mesomorph
• Ectomorph

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Biological Theories of Crime

• Heritability studies
• Table from p. 119
• Are biological parents or adoptive parents
  criminal?
• Nos. in parentheses are the total number of
  adopted males for each cell.
• (Mednick, Gabrielli Hutchings, 1984)

Bio Parent Yes Bio Parent No
Adopt Parent Yes 24.5 Of 143 14.7 Of 204
Adopt Parent No 20.0Of 1226 13.5 Of 2492
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Biological Theories of Crime

• Correlation between criminal convictions of
  adoptee and biological parents, but not adoptive
  parents (Mednick, et al., 1994).
• .7 for monozygotic twins .4 for dizygotic twins
  in terms of their criminality vs. non-criminality
  (Cloninger et al., 1978)

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Biosocial Theory of Crime

• Eysenck (1973)
• Extraversion
• Psychoticism
• Neuroticism