Social Studies Power Point Chapter 18

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Social Studies Power PointChapter 18
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The Nation Breaking Apart (1850-1861)
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Section 1Growing differences between North and
South

• Contrasts between North and South
• The Ohio River was the line between slave states
  and free states.
• 1830, Aleix de Tocqueville wrote, On the left
  bank of the river one sees a troops of slave
  loitering t6hrough half-deserted fields, on the
  right bank men are budily at work fome crops
  cover the fields elegant dwellings testify to
  the taste and industry of the workers
• Quote from book, On the left bank of the Ohio
  work is connected with the idea of slavery, but
  on the right side with well-being and progress
  on the left no white laborers are to be found,
  for they would be afraid of being like the
  slaves but one will never see a man of leisure
  on the right bank.

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Slavery and Racism

• The abolitionist gained strength during this time
  period.
• Most white Southerners, thought if the slaves
  could not live in the same society as whites,
  they were scared that the slaves would be treated
  as equals.

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Impact of the Mexican War

• By 1846 the power in The House of Representatives
  had shifted toward the free states.
• Slave states pushed to get more states in the
  south so they can have more power in the senate.
• The congress thought that President Polk would
  take California from Mexico.

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Forging a Comprimise

• Henry Clay suggested that California be admitted
  as a free state.
• California was admitted as a free state.
• The comprimise of 1850 did several things

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Section 2The Crisis Deepens
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Uncle Toms Cabin

• Most fugitive slaves headed north to the free
  states.
• When the fugitive slave law passed slave hunters
  could go retrieve runaway slaves from the north.
• The slaves then went to Canada.

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The Kansas-Nebraska Act

• In 1854 there was slavery being discussed in
  Congress again.
• People wanted a transcontinental railroad.
• The Kansas-Nebraska act (thought up by Fredrick
  Douglas) made Kansas and Nebraska states above
  the Missouri Comprimise line.
• Kansas and Missouri would decide if they were
  free or slave state.

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Bleeding Kansas

• Kansas became a battleground over slavery.
• The proslavery group cheated to win kansas as a
  free state.
• They sent 7000 men from Missouri to stuff the
  ballot boxes and the congress found the poll
  dishonest so they called for another vote.

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The Dred Scott Decision

• In 1857 Dred Scott was a slave that was taken to
  Illinois and then to the Minnesota territory
• After his masters death he sued the united states
  saying he was a free man because he lived in a
  free territory.
• He did not get his freedom and in fact the court
  made it legal to have slavery in territories.

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Lincoln and Douglas Debate

• The republicans from the north were still against
  northern democrats.
• They chose Abraham Lincoln to argue against
  Senator Stephen Douglas.
• They argued about the northern democrats making a
  deal with the south.

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John Browns Attack

• John brown was an anti-slaver kansas raider.
• John brown wanted to start a slave rebellion.
• On October 16, 1859 he lead 18 followers and
  attacked the weapons arsenal at Harpers Ferry.
• He tried and sentenced to death.

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Section 3The Drums of War
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The election of Lincoln

• The gap between the North and South was tearing
  the Democrat party.
• They suggested that John C. Beckinbridge the
  Kentucky congressman to run for president.
• Lincoln only got 40 of the popular votes but won
  with the electoral votes.

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Southern States Secede

• Lincoln never said to end slavery, he just said
  it should not spread to territories.
• The south did not listen they thought Lincoln
  said to stop slavery all together.
• South Carolina was the first state to secede.
• On December 20, 1860 south Carolina seceded.

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The Confederacy Established

• In February 1861 the seceding states formed the
  Confederacy and they called themselves their own
  country.
• Jefferson Davis of Mississippi was president.
• Only ¼ of the white families owned slaves in the
  Confederacy.

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The Northern Response

• The northerners were shocked when they found out
  that the southern states seceded.
• They thought that defying the national government
  was horrendous.
• President Buchanan said that the 33 states would
  break up.

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The Failure of Compromise

• The south wanted to make the Missouri compromise
  line the boundary between the two countries.
• In Lincolns First Inaugural Address he stated
  that there will be no invasion from the north.
• He also said that the North and the South are not
  enemies.

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Crisis At Fort Sumter

• When Lincoln was in office he was faced with the
  problem of Fort Sumter which was a northern fort
  that was in Charleston.
• The south was threatening to attack fort Sumter.

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Was War Avoidable?

• Some Historians say that slavery caused the civil
  war.
• Others say that it was leadership
• Others still say that better leadership by both
  the north and the south could of prevented the
  civil war.

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THE END!