Integrating NatComCC into FSM Strategic Development Plan SDPIDP CGE Workshop on Exchange of Experien

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Integrating NatCom/CC intoFSM Strategic
Development Plan(SDP/IDP)CGE Workshop on
Exchange of Experiences Good Practices among
NAI NatComs on Cross-cutting IssuesCairo,
Egypt, 20-22 September 2007

• Joseph M. Konno
• FSM CC Country Team

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Content

• Content Overview
• Process of Integration
• Sectors Climate Proofed in SDP/IDP
• Critical Success Factors
• Barriers and Constraints
• Key Lessons learned

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Federated States of Micronesia

• 607 Islands
• 4 States
• Total area over 3 million sq. km.
• Total Land Area 4,840 sq. km.
• Atolls to 791 meters above sea level
• Population (2000) 107,000

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Overview of Integration

• Initial NatCom (October 1999)
• National Climate Policy that entails a response
  Strategy that address impacts sources of
  climate change
  
• Value-Added benefit of flexible approaches
  addressing both adaptation and mitigation, e.g.
  solar desalination
  
• Addressing current extreme events (e.g. ENSO)
  that contributes to building todays resilience
  and insights into long-term VA to CC
  
• Integration of traditional knowledge and
  practices into SDP for responding to CC, e.g.
  traditional resource management
  
• ADB Climate Change Adaptation in Pacific
  (CLIMAP)
  
• Integrating CC at three levels (project,
  community, SDP)
  
• 2nd NatCom (Recruitment for SNC Coordinator)
• Will build upon existing policies
• 5th Year Review of SDP/IDP (2008)

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Process of Integrating CC into FSMs
Infrastructure, Communities, and SDP/IDP
(ADB CLIMAP)
Climate Proofing is shortand for reducing, to
acceptable levels, the risks due to climate
variability and change, including extreme events
Reflecting Climate Risks in National Development
Planning Demonstrated by Climate Proofing FS
Ms
National Strategic Development Plans
Immediate, Project Level
Long Term, National Level
Reflecting Climate Risks in Landuse Planning, Re
gulations and Permitting Demonstrated by Climat
e Proofing
Sapwohn Village, Sokehs
Reflecting Climate Risks in Infrastructure Desig
n and Local Level Decision Making Demonstrated b
y
Climate Proofing the Kosrae Road
Cimate Proofed Development Enabling
Environment
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Integration of CC into National Strategic
Development Plan/Infrastructure Development Plan

• INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR
• Infrastructure designed, located, built and
  maintained to avoid unacceptable risks to
  infrastructure associated with natural hazards,
  including weather and climate extremes,
  variability and change.
• Conduct risk assessments at state level and
  develop national- and state-level guidelines to
  ensure risks to infrastructure development
  projects are identified and addressed in a cost
  effective manner at the design stage.

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Sectors Continue.

• Environment Sector
• Mainstream environmental considerations,
  including climate change, in economic development
  
  
• .Strategies and plans that address unacceptable
  risks to the natural environment and built
  assets, including those arising from natural
  hazards such as weather and climate extremes,
  variability and change.

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Integrating Climate Change into Building Code
EIA Regulations

• Allow for surface flooding as a result of hourly
  rainfall intensities of at least 400 mm (such an
  event has a projected return period of 25 years
  in 2050)
• Allow for possibility of wind gusts exceeding 130
  mph (this event has a projected return period of
  25 years in 2050 current practice is to use 120
  mph as the design wind speed).
• Climate Change Impacts Adaptations have been
  incorporated in to existing EIA Regulations, Land
  Use Plans and Health Regulations and other
  permitting process

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Environmental Sector..

• Develop and implement integrated environmental
  and resource management objectives that enhance
  resilience of coastal and other ecosystems to
  natural hazards such as those associated with
  extreme weather events, climate change, high
  tides and sea-level rise.
• Determine impact of climate change on the tuna
  industry as a result of such effects as changed
  migration patterns of Pacific tuna stocks, and
  implement strategies to minimize impacts on this
  important industry.
• . All the Federated States of Micronesia
  communities will develop and implement risk
  reduction strategies to address natural hazards
  such as those related to current weather and
  climate extremes and variability, while at the
  same time preparing for anticipated impacts of
  climate change.

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Health Sector

• . Climate variability and change, including
  sea-level rise, are important determinants of
  health and of growing concern in the Federated
  States of Micronesia .
• ..Potential health impacts which have been
  identified include vector-borne diseases (such
  as dengue fever and malaria), water-borne
  diseases (such as viral and bacterial diarrhoea),
  diseases related to toxic algae (such as
  ciguatera fish poisoning which is important in
  the Federated States of Micronesia where the
  protein source is predominantly fish), food-borne
  diseases, food security and nutrition, heat
  stress, air pollution, and extreme weather and
  climate events.

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Status of SDP

• Adopted during FSM 3rd Economic Summit held March
  28-April 2, 2004
  
• Passed and signed in to law by FSM National
  Congress
  
• It is now the guiding document for the Country
  for the next 20 years.
  
• 5th Year Review in 2008

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Critical Success Factors

• Timing
• Integration of CC into SDP must match the
  preparation or review time of such documents
  
• Real Examples
• It is easier for policymakers to understand
  issues when given with real-time examples (e.g.
  Kosrae Road Project)
  
• Quantifying Costs and Benefits
• Policymakers get convinced easily when presented
  with cost-benefits figures (e.g. Road Project)
  
• Consultations at all levels
• Having everybody (individual/community/policy)
  involved from the beginning makes everybody
  understands and therefore supports integration
  into national/state/community plans

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Barriers Constraints

• Institutionalization of CC
• Climate Change has not taken root at the National
  and State Levels (too many hats)
  
• Data
• Lack of, and accessibility to critical data is a
  challenge
  
• Geographical Distance Accessibility
• FSM is four countries in one.spread over a huge
  distance, a challenge in travel, communications
  and coordination and costs
  
• Limited Experts and Costs for Outside Experts
• Need to expand risk assessment to other areas is
  difficult
  

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Key Lessons Learned

• Easy to Integrate but difficult to implement
• Incorporating CC in National Plans is much easier
  than implementing. and downscaling down to state
  and local levels
  
• Downscaling and Project Formulation
• National Policies (CC) need to be reflected in
  local plans and into actual on the ground
  projects
  
• Technical people need to understand
• Technical individuals (engineers, planners, )
  lack the information and training to properly
  implement specific requirements of policies
  
• Finance for additional costs need to match local
  timing
  
• Identified additional costs are not available at
  the required local time for projects
  implementation timing.
  

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