Rockets

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Rockets
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History of Rockets

• Originated in China in 1100s.
• Chinese Fire-Arrows, which was arrows with
  gunpowder. (unreliable, many times blew up when
  lit, thus killing or maiming the racketeer)

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Chinese Fire Rockets
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Structure of Rockets
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How Rockets Work

• Must overcome rockets inertia and the
  gravitational pull of the earth with an
  unbalanced force (Newtons 1st Law Motion).
• The unbalanced force is created by the following
  steps
• Fuel and Oxygen pumped into combustion chamber
• In combustion chamber fuel O2 mix is ignited,
  causing an explosion
• Explosion (Unbalanced Force, Newtons 2nd Law of
  Motion) creates heat and pressure and is released
  at the nozzle.
• Force (Mass of Gases) x (Acceleration of Gases)

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• There is an equal and opposite force (Thrust)
  given by the ground, which propels the rocket
  upward, which is Newtons 3rd Law of Motion.

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Orbital Velocity

• The velocity a rocket must achieve to establish
  an orbit around the Earth.
• Too Slow Gravitational pull brings rocket back
  to earth.
• Too Fast Rockets leaves orbit.

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Escape Velocity

• Velocity a rocket must reach to fly beyond a
  planets gravitational pull.

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Types of Rocket Fuels

• Solid Fuels Dry-Explosive O2 Ignition
  Explosion (Ex fireworks)
• Liquid Fuels Liquid fuel O2 Ignition
  Explosion
• Charged Gas Particles (ions) Gas ions
  Ignition Explosion

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Multistage Rockets

• The main advantage of a multistage rocket is that
  the total weight of the rocket is greatly reduced
  as the rocket rises.