Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary

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Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
Visit of the Finnish Animal Breeding
Associations Team, 28 October 2003
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The Hungarian Mangalica (Mangalitsa) is an
indigenous pig breed
Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• The Hungarian Mangalica
• Developed in Hungary during the late 19th century
  and the bred has become popular all accroos the
  Carparthian basin
• Local Hungarian lowland bastard pigs were
  crossed with regional, semi-wild red Sumadia,
  Salonta and other forest pigs
• Kept in free range and forests
• Sold to traders and butchers in Hungary, Austria
  and Germany for salami, ham and lard

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• The Hungarian Mangalica
• Rapidly expanded throughout Central Europe, in
  the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
• Well adapted to prevailing climatic and feeding
  conditions (grazing, forage and grain)
• During the first half of the 20th century the
  mangalitsa became a major source of pork meat for
  famous Hungarian salami and cooking fat for
  families

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• The Hungarian Mangalica
• Fast drop of population size in 1950s
• Victim of modernisation
• Rapidly replaced by Large White and Landrace
  breeds
• Almost extinct in 1970-1980s

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• The Hungarian Mangalica
• Timely Government action - Slow recovery in
  1990s, using breeding stock from Transsylvania
  and sometimes from Austria
• Creation of the Mangalitsa BreedersAssociation
  (based at the Agricultural University, Debrecen)
• Development of row-ham export to Spain
• New discoveries about NO or LOW cholesterol level
  in Mangalitsa products

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• The Hungarian
• Mangalica
• Late 1990s New economic revival of indigenous
  breeds in Hungary Mangalitsa pig, Long horn grey
  cattle
• The Mangalitsa has been discovered by Spanish
  Serrano Ham makers and they invested in breeding
  and fattening units
• Growing interest by farmers and breeders
• Gradual expansion of Mangalitsa breeding and
  production in private farms

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary

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• The Hungarian
• Mangalica
• Around year 2000 more and more farmers invested
  to keep and fatten Mangalitsa, which resulted
  increased demand for breeding animals
• Interest by the Hungarian Meat Industry
  exporting frozen hams to Spain
• Processing salami, lard, sausage for domestic
  market
• New way of utilisation AgroTourism - local
  Mangalitsa products are offered for tourists

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Mangalitsa Breed Characteristics
• Fat-type pig, with black nose, hooves and curly
  hair (also called as woolypig...)
• Prolificacy moderate, av. 6 piglets (range 3-9)
• Natural (group) matings (10 sows to 1 boar)
• Up to 1.8-2.0 rotation, but we avoid piglets born
  in hard winter
• Full breeding services and heard book kept by the
  National Mangalica Association under Government
  and OMMI

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Mangalitsa Breed Characteristics
• Permanent breeding and veterinary control
• No loss of piglets by diseases in the past 2
  years.
• Ear marking in 6 days of age
• Ear tagging when selling or entering to breeding
  farm locally
• Selection twice a year
• Males castrated in 4-6 weeks of age

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• The Hungarian Mangalica
• part of the Hungarian cultural and natural
  heritage
• part of the national animal genetic resources
  base
• Three genetic variants
• Blonde (most frequent, 3000 sows)
• Red (probably less than 200 sows)
• Swallow-bellied (less than 200 sows

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Primagro Mangalitsa Farm
• Blonde Mangalitsa (most preferred)
• Established in Kozard in year 2000 with 30
  breeding sows and 1 boar line (Bacska)
• Gradual expansiongt today 60-70 sows and 3 boar
  lines Bacska, Pecs, Puszta)
• Target 100 sows, with 3 lines, subject to market
  situation

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Primagro Mangalitsa Farm
• Natural feed (maize, wheat and barley, combined
  with green fodder
• Alfalfa, grass, pumpkin, sugarbeet etc.
• No heating in winter, well survive in -30C
• Strow bedding
• Important permanent supply of water for drinking
  and bathing in summer

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Primagro Mangalitsa Farm
• Natural conditions, fresh air, excercise
• Simple protection against rain, wind, strong
  sunshine
• Fence against wild boar, stray dogs and foxes
• Diseases protection

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Primagro Mangalitsa Farm
• Natural feed (maize, wheat and barley, combined
  with green fodder
• Alfalfa, grass, pumpkin, sugarbeet etc.
• No heating in winter, well survive in -30C
• Strow bedding
• Important permanent supply of water for drinking
  and bathing in summer

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Piglet rearing
• All time good strow bedding
• Free movement 1 week after birth
• planned weaning after 6-8 weeks, subject to
  weather, space, etc.
• Offering green fodder and grain as early as 1-2
  weeks of age

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Rearing
• Permanent drinking water supply
• Occasional supplement of some non-chemical
  natural substances
• (Humin acids products), occasional macro and
  micro elements, some time vitamin supplements

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
Photo Dr.P.Hajas
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• Fattening
• Grain (maize, barley, wheat)
• Permanent supply of green fodder, fibre (alfalfa
  hay in winter)
• Minimum slaughter weight 130-140 kg or above ham
  and lard must be ready for a tasty product
• 10-12 months of age

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Utilisation
• Mangalitsa are slaughtered in villages, mainly
  for rural tourism guests
• Traditional products are sold locally

Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Utilisation
• Most of the Hungarian Mangalitsa are slaughtered
  in a large meat processing plant and row hams are
  exported in frozen form to Spain
• Traditional pig slaughtering in village
  households and farms
• Some small scale slaughtering and local
  processing for sausage, smoked meat products and
  smoked lard

Photo Dr.P.Szabo
Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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• Utilisation
• Beside unprocessed Mangalitsa ham export to
  Spain, local ham and salami processing should be
  re-established in Hungary
• In preparation Magyar MangaSonka processing
  project
• Feasibility studies, investors identification
• Coordination required among small scale fattening
  farms

Photo Dr.P.Szabo
Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
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Mangalica Farm, Kozard, Hungary
Contact address Primagro Bt., Kulterulet 095,
H-3053 Kozard, Hungary E-mail agroservice_at_axelero
.hu and primagro_at_agroservice.hu Tel
36-32-491-067, 36-30-210-4308 Fax
36-32-491-076 Web http//www.agroservice.hu/mang
alica.htm
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Thank you