VOC Emission Characterization and CHAMP Development

1
VOC Emission Characterization and CHAMP
Development

• EPA03 Thrust 1Material Emissions and Pollutant
  Transport in Building Envelopes
• Overview (10 minutes, by J. Zhang)
• VOC extraction method development (10 minutes, by
  J. Smith)
• Dual-chamber test method development (10 minutes,
  by M. Salonvaara)
• CHAMP development validation (20 minutes, by M.
  Salonvaara)
• EPA04 Tasks
• T1.2 Model-based Characterization of Indoor
  Gaseous Emissions
• (10 minutes, by J. Zhang)
• T3.2 Reduced order models for building interzonal
  transport
• (10 minutes, by J. Zhang)

2
Material Emissions and Pollutant Transport in
Building EnvelopesT1.A Experimental T1.B CHAMP
Modeling

• Jensen Zhang (PI)
• Mikael Salonvaara, Jim Smith, and Hui Li
• Andreas Nicolai, John Grunewald, Zhibin Zhang and
  Beverly Guo
• Building Energy and Environmental Systems
  Laboratory (BEESL)

EPA-Review-4/18-19-06
3
Why?

• VOCs (including formaldehyde)--- a major
  pollution indoors
• ASHRAE Standard 62-2004 Ventilation for
  Acceptable IAQ
• CIB (Conseil International du Bâtiment) 2004.
  Performance Criteria of Buildings for Health and
  Comfort
• Green Building Products
• Harmonized test method
• Simplified, fast and less expensive
  screening/rating method
• Long-term emission characteristics under usage
  conditions
• Source-Sink Interactions
• Large number of sources/sinks and pollutants
• Primary and secondary emissions
• Short and long-term exposure
• Understanding of Emission/sorption and Transport
  Processes
• Composite materials
• Multilayer material assemblies
• Correlations with VOC properties
• Effects of environmental conditions
• O3 initiated VOC and particle emissions
• Building Envelopes---a key role in IAQ control
• Emissions (e.g., formaldehyde)

4
IAQ Energy Performance of Buildings Systems
Approach
Coupled
Heat
Air
temperature relative humidity
Moisture
Pollutant
Simulation
5
Approach making use of existing HAM model add
and improve

• Initial conditions
• Emittable pollutants in each layer

• Boundary conditions
• Outdoor concentrations
• Weather data
• Indoor conditions

CHAMP Model
Effects of building materials, assembly
design construction on IAQ Outdoor to indoor
pollutant transport (VOCs, O3 particles)

• Transport storage properties of materials
• Diffusion
• Sorption/deposition

• Assembly structure
• Cracks
• Cavities
• Material surfaces
• and interfaces

Human Exposure

• Indoor materials furnishing systems (04)
• Workstations
• Composite wood products

O3 initiated secondary emissions (pilot 04)
Health, comfort, productivity security
Moisture/mold control (04)
6
Research Objectives and Scope
The ultimate goal of this research is to develop
reliable and practical model-based test and
prediction methods for rating products, and for
predicting the long-term VOC emissions over the
products service life.

• Specific objectives for the two year period
  (EPA03)
• Develop a VOC extraction method
• Develop a fundamental mechanistic model for
  simulating the combined heat, air, moisture and
  pollutant (CHAMP) transport
• the effects of wall cavities and cracks
• in-material diffusions and sorption on the VOC
  transport.
• Evaluate the extraction method and the model by
  conducting small and full-scale experiments
• A typical wood-framed residential wall assembly
• Assembly materials interior paints, gypsum
  wallboards, insulation materials, and oriented
  strand boards

7
Material Emissions Pollutant Transport in Bldg
Envelopes

• Task 1A
• ExperimentalVOC extraction, material
  characterization and full-scale chamber testing
• Task 1B
• Development of Heat, Air, Moisture and Pollutant
  Transport Model

Jensen Zhang
Michael Salonvaara
Mark Bomberg
Thrust Lead
Task
Lead
1B
Task
1A
Lead
Andreas Nicolai

J
.
Smith
Software integration
Voc Extraction
Miao Yang
Miao Yang
Material Characterization
Material Characterization
Hui Li
Hui Li
VOC Model Full Scale Testing
Full Scale Testing
Beverly Guo
Beverly Guo
Chemistry
Chemistry
Zhibin Zhang
Zhibin Zhang
Chemistry
Chemistry
8
VOC Emission Characterization and CHAMP
Development

• EPA03 Thrust 1
• Material Emissions and Pollutant Transport in
  Building Envelopes
• Overview (10 minutes, by J. Zhang)
• VOC extraction method development (10 minutes, by
  J. Smith)
• Dual-chamber test method development (10 minutes,
  by M. Salonvaara)
• CHAMP development validation (20 minutes, by M.
  Salonvaara)
• EPA04 Tasks
• T1.2 Model-based Characterization of Indoor
  Gaseous Emissions
• 10 minutes, by J. Zhang
• T3.2 Reduced order models for building interzonal
  transport
• 10 minutes, by J. Zhang