Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

1
Chapter 10

• Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

2
Function of the Cardiovascular System

• Nourishes the body by transporting nutrients
  and oxygen to the cells and removing carbon
  dioxide and other waste products

3
Interior of the Heart
4
Microcirculation
5
Cardiovascular System

• heart muscular organ the size of a closed fist,
  located behind the breast bone and between the
  lungs. The pumping action, circulates blood
  throughout the body
• upper chambers right and left atrium
• lower chambers right and left ventricle
• cardiac septum separates right and left sides of
  heart

6
Cardiovascular System (contd)

• tricuspid valve located between right atrium and
  right ventricle
• bicuspid valve (mitral valve) located between
  the left atrium and left ventricle
• pericardium outer layer of heart
• myocardium middle, thick, muscular layer
• endocardium inner lining of the heart

7
Cardiovascular System (contd)

• blood vessels tubelike structures that carry
  blood throughout the body
• arteries carry blood containing oxygen other
  nutrients away from the heart to the body cells
  except for the pulmonary artery, which carries
  carbon dioxide and other waste products to the
  lungs
• arterioles smallest arteries
• aorta largest artery in the body

8
Cardiovascular System (contd)

• veins carry blood containing carbon dioxide and
  other waste products back to the heart except for
  the pulmonary vein, which carries oxygenated
  blood from the lungs to the heart
• venules smallest veins in the body
• venae cavae largest veins in the body
• capillaries connect arterioles with venules
  exchange of gases takes place in capillaries

9
Cardiovascular System (contd)

• blood
• plasma liquid portion of blood in which cells
  float
• cells
• erythrocytes red blood cells that carry oxygen
• leukocytes white blood cells that fight
  infection
• platelets (thrombocytes) for coagulation

10
Function of the Lymphatic System

• Removal of excessive tissue fluid, which
• develops from increased metabolic activity.
• (Lymphatics, or lymph vessels, are found
• throughout most of the body.)

11
Lymphatic System
12
Lymphatic System

• lymph transparent, usually colorless, tissue
  fluid
• lymph nodes small, spherical bodies made up of
  lymphoid tissue act as filters in keeping
  substances such as bacteria from the blood

13
Lymphatic System (contd)

• spleen located in the left side of the abdominal
  cavity between the stomach and the diaphragm
  largest lymphatic organ in the body
• thymus gland located anterior to the ascending
  aorta and posterior to the sternum between the
  lungs plays an important role in the development
  of the bodys immune system

14
Combining Forms for Cardiovascular and Lymphatic
Systems

• angio/o
• aort/o
• arteri/o
• atri/o
• cardi/o
• lymph/o
• phleb/o or Ven/o
• plasm/o

15
Combining Forms for Cardiovascular and Lymphatic
Systems (contd)

• splen/o
• thym/o
• valv/o, valvul/o
• ven/o
• ventricul/o

16
Combining Forms Used with Cardio-vascular and
Lymphatic Systems

• ather/o
• ech/o
• electr/o
• isch/o
• therm/o
• thromb/o

17
Prefixes

• brady-
• tachy-

18
Similar Suffixes Usedin Diagnostic Terms
19
Suffixes

• -ac
• -apheresis
• -crit
• -graph

• -odynia
• -penia
• -poiesis
• -sclerosis

20
Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts

• Heart and Blood Vessels
• angiocarditis
• angioma
• angiostenosis
• aortic stenosis
• arterioscletosis
• atherosclerosis
• bradycardia
• cardiodynia

21
Aortic Stenosis
22
(No Transcript)
23
Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts
(contd)

• Heart and Blood Vessels
• cardiomegal
• cardiomyopathy
• endocarditis
• ischemia
• myocarditis
• pericarditis
• tachycardia
• thrombophlebitis

24
Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts
(contd)

• Blood and Lymphatic Systems
• hematocytopenia
• hematoma
• lymphadenitis
• pancytopenia
• splenomegaly
• thrombosis
• thrombus
• thymoma

25
Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word
Parts

• acute coronary syndrome
• anemia
• aneurysm
• angina pectoris
• cardiac arrest
• coarctation of the aorta
• congestive heart failure (CHF)
• coronary occlusion

26
Aneurysm
27
Coarctation of the Aorta
28
Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word
Parts (contd)

• deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
• dysrhythmia
• embolus
• fibrillation
• hemophilia
• hemorrhoid
• Hodgkin disease
• hypertensive heart disease (HHD)

29
Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word
Parts (contd)

• leukemia
• mitral valve stenosis
• myocardial infarction (MI)
• peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
• rheumatic fever
• sickle cell anemia
• varicose veins

30
Surgical Terms Built from Word Parts

• angioplasty
• angiorrhaphy
• atherectomy
• endarterectomy
• pericardiocentesis
• phlebotomy
• splenopexy
• thymectomy

31
Surgical Terms Not Built from Word Parts

• aneurysmectomy
• bone marrow transplant
• cardiac pacemaker
• coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
• coronary stent
• defibrillation
• femoropopliteal bypass
• hemorrhoidectomy

32
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
33
Coronary Stent

• A, Stent at site of plaque formation. B, Inflated
  balloon and expanded stent. C, Implanted stent.

34
Placement of Defibrillator Paddles
35
Surgical Terms Not Built from Word Parts (contd)

• implantable cardiac defibrillator
• laser angioplasty

36
Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator
37
Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts

• Heart and Blood Vessels
• Diagnostic imaging
• angiography
• angioscopy
• aortogram
• arteriogram
• venography

38
Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts (contd)

• Heart and Blood Vessels
• Cardiovascular diagnostic procedures
• echocardiogram (ECHO)
• electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG)

39

• (electric activity) / cv / (heart) / cv / (record)

40
Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts

• Blood and Lymphatic Systems
• Laboratory
• erythrocyte count (RBC)
• hematocrit (HCT)
• leukocyte count (WBC)
• Diagnostic imaging
• lymphangiography

41
Diagnostic Terms Not Builtfrom Word Parts
(contd)

• Heart and Blood Vessels
• Diagnostic imaging
• digital subtraction angiography (DSA)
• Doppler ultrasound
• exercise stress test
• thallium test
• transesophageal echocardiogram

42
Diagnostic Terms Not Builtfrom Word Parts
(contd)

• Heart and Blood Vessels
• Other diagnostic terms
• sphygmomanometer
• stethoscope

43
Sphygmomanometer
44
Diagnostic Terms Not Builtfrom Word Parts
(contd)

• Blood and Lymphatic System
• Laboratory
• complete blood count (CBC)
• coagulation time
• hemoglobin (Hgb)
• prothrombin time (PT)

45
Diagnostic Terms Not Builtfrom Word Parts
(contd)

• Other
• bone marrow biopsy
• cardiac catheterization
• impedance plethysmography

46
Bone Marrow for Biopsy
47
Cardiac Catheterization
48
Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts

• atrioventricular (AV)
• cardiac
• cardiogenic
• cardiology
• hematologist
• hematopoiesis
• hemolysis
• hemostasis

49
Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts
(contd)

• hypothermia
• intravenous
• tachypnea
• thrombolysis

50
Diagnostic Terms Not Builtfrom Word Parts
(contd)

• Heart and Blood Vessels
• cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
• distole
• heart murmur
• hypertension
• hypotension
• percussion
• systole

51
Diagnostic Terms Not Builtfrom Word Parts
(contd)

• Blood and Lymphatic Systems
• anticoagulant
• hemorrhage
• plasma
• serum

52
Abbreviations

• ACS
• AV
• BP
• CABG
• CAD
• CBC
• CCU

• CHF
• CPR
• DSA
• DVT
• ECG, EKG
• ECHO
• HCT

53
Abbreviations (contd)

• Hgb
• HHD
• IV
• MI
• PAD

• PT
• RBC
• SPECT
• TEE
• WBC