John

1
John

• Believing in Jesus for Eternal Life
• Jesus The Son of God
• Written by Apostle John about 80-90 A.D.
• Key Verses 2030-31
• Myron G. Heavin

2
John Occasion and Purpose

• Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God
• Presenting 7 Messianic signs
• Universal Christian Faith
• Applying to Jews and non-Jews alike
• The only way to God
• Equip believers
• For Mission
• To share the good news with unbelievers

3
John - Themes

• Jesus as the preexistent, incarnate Word, the
  fully divine and human Messiah, the crucified and
  risen Savior of the world.
• The Jewish rejection of Jesus the Messiah and the
  universal offer of salvation to everyone who
  believes
• Believers need to follow Jesus through obedient,
  committed, and faithful discipleship, realizing
  through love and unity in the Christian community
  and dependence on the Holy Spirit

4
John Interesting Facts

• Immediate Audience
• Mature Christians (80-90 A.D.)
• Jews
• Gentiles
• Probably written in Ephesus
• Written as if Jerusalem Temple not destroyed yet
  (70 A.D.) but perhaps later finalized and
  published (80-90 A.D.)

5
John About the Author

• Son of Zebedee and Solome (Mark 119)
• Brother of James the Martyr (Acts 122)
• Home town was Bethsaida where he worked as a
  fisherman
• He knew the high priest (John 182)
• Early disciple of John the Baptist
• He wrote 5 New Testament Books
• Most American and British commentators think John
  wrote the book. Most other Europeans do not
  think so.
• Peter, James John were part of Jesus inner
  circle
• Possible cousin of Jesus.
• Perhaps died 68 years after Jesus died.

6
John 3 Characteristics of the Trinity

• Oneness of Jesus The Father (1030, 149-10)
• Distinction between them (1428, 171-5)
• Unity of Purpose (517-18, 842)

7
John 3 Characteristics of a Disciple

• That you abide in His word (831)
• That you love one another (1334-35)
• That you bear much fruit and so prove to be my
  disciples (158)

8
John Characteristics of

• Jesus existed before time
• The Word became flesh and dwelt among us
• Much of Jesus ministry was in hostile Jerusalem
• Matthew, Mark, and Luke emphasize Galilee
• John contains no
• Parables
• Temptation in the wilderness
• Suffering in the Garden of Gethsemane
• In full command of trial quite chatty on the
  cross
• Deliberately chose to die

9
John New Testament Time Line

• Anti-Jewish Upheaval AD 38-41 Alexandria ,
  Palestine, Judea
• 49 - 54 AD Claudius expels Jews from Rome
• 49 AD Church struggles, meets about Jews
  Gentiles
• Acts 15, Gal. 21-15
• 54 68 AD Nero becomes emperor, welcomes Jews
  back
• Claudius poisoned by Neros Mother
• Nero murdered Mother possibly half-brother
• Nero allows Jews back into Rome
• 57 AD Paul writes Romans
• 64 / 65 AD Rome burns Nero blames Christians
• 68 AD Siege in Jerusalem begins after Jewish
  rebellion
• 70 AD Rome burns Jerusalem, temple destroyed
• 80-90 AD John written (Arnold)

10
John 7 I Ams

• I Am the Bread of Life (635, 48)
• I Am the light of the world (812)
• I Am the door (107,9)
• I Am the good shepherd (1011,14)
• I Am the resurrection and the life (1125)
• I Am the way and the truth and the life (146)
• I Am the true vine (151,5)

11
John Simple Outline

• Prologue Jesus Christ is the Word (11-18)
• Public Ministry of the Son of God (119-1250)
• Private Ministry of the Son of God (131-2125)

12
John Basic Outline (Gundry)

• Prologue Jesus Christ is the Word (11-18)
• Jesus Initial Ministry produces Faith (119-442)
• Jesus Authority of His Word (443-547)
• Jesus Flesh and Blood Gives Life (6)
• Jesus Light Divides People - Life or Death (7,8)
• Jesus Kindness Different from Authority (9-1039)
• Gift of Life thru Jesus Death (1040-1250)
• Departure and Return of Jesus (131-2029)
• Conclusion and Theme Verses (2030-31)
• Epilogue and Final Authentication (21)

13
John - Jewish Festivals

• Sabbath Festival (John 51-47)
• Passover Festival in Galilee (John 61-71)
• Tabernacles Festival in Jerusalem (John 7-9)
• Hanukkah Festival (John 10)
• Seder (Passover Dinner) John 13-17

14
John 7 Signs and Discourses
15
Andromeda Galaxy 100 Billion Stars
16
Prologue Jesus Christ is the Word (11-18)

• In the beginning was the Word.
• Reminds one of Colossians (116-17)
• Reminds one of Genesis 1
• Reminds one of wisdom in Proverbs (822-31)
• Psalm 336, 9
• His own (Jews) rejected Him (111)
• They / we reject the only hope this world has
• He gave rebirth as children of God to all that
  did believe in Him. (112)
• And the Word became flesh (114)
• Flesh is neither good nor bad

17
Hubble Image Super Nova
18
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) Narrative (119-225)Testimony of
John the Baptist (119-34)

• John Baptized both Jews and Gentiles (cleansing)
• Please list 13 titles for Jesus in 20-51
• Jesus greater than John the Baptist
• John was a type of but not Elijah (Malachi 45)

19
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) Narrative (119-225) Ordination of
Jesus as High Priest

• Jesus as High Priest (Hebrews 81-3)
• Had to be 30 years old
• Had to be ordained by previous High Priest (John)
• Johns Father, Zacharias, was the priest chosen
  to enter Holy of Holies (Luke 18-9)
• John recognized Jesus as the one Spirit remained
  with
• Spirit remaining never happened in Old Testament
• The Holy Spirit remains with us when we believe
  in Jesus

20
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) Narrative (119-225)Making of the
first disciples (135-51)

• Follows being installed as High Priest (Messiah)
• Disciples make other disciples
• Jesus sees disciples before they are called
• Our calling comes from God, not from man.
• Philip (Greek name) Nathanial (Hebrew) brothers
• Implies mixing of Greek and Hebrew cultures
• Please list characteristics of disciples in 35-51

21
A Theological View of John (Burge)

• Institutions in Judaism (Chapters 2-4)
• A Wedding in Cana (21-12)
• The Temple in Jerusalem (213-25)
• A Rabbi in Jerusalem (31-21)
• A well in Samaria (41-42)
• Festivals in Judaism (Chapters 5-10)
• Sabbath (51-47)
• Passover (61-71)
• Tabernacles (71-941)
• Hanukkah (101-39)

22
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) Narrative (119-225) 1st Sign -
Water into Wine in Cana (21-11)

• Jesus convinced His disciples and they believed
• Jesus new wine was better than the old Mosaic
  wine
• Stone jars were for ritual purification
• Wine could be a forerunner of Communion
• Cana is a wedding feast (He married the Church?)
• The first week could be forerunner of last week
• Jesus dissociates Himself from His Mother
• Jesus apparently had brothers sisters (Mark 63)

23
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) Narrative (119-225)The Cleansing
of the Temple (213-25)

• Temple was used for ritual purification (same as
  Cana)
• He cleansed temple just like He cleansed
  purification vessels
• Jesus cleanses temple at start of His ministry
  and then at the end (Matt 2112-13, Mark
  1115-17, Luke 1945-46)
• 3 Passovers in John (213, 64, 1155) for 3
  year ministry
• Jesus mentioned destroying and rebuilding temple
  a common theme for that time (Ezekiel 40-46)
• Sign of Jonah (Matt. 1239-40, 164 Luke 1129)
• How similar are our religious institutions to the
  Temple?

24
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces
Faith(119-442) Narrative (119-225)
25
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces
Faith(119-442)
26
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) The New Birth (31-21)

• No one can see the Kingdom of God unless he is
  born again (33)
• Kingdom of God mentioned only here in John
• Jesus equates Kingdom of God with eternal life
• No one can enter the Kingdom of God unless he is
  born of water and the Spirit (35)
• Only those born again can understand heavenly
  things (312)
• Jesus must be lifted up so that those that
  believe in Him will have eternal life (315)

27
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) The New Birth (31-21)

• Must be born again to enter Kingdom of God
• General Revelation (Science)
• Born of flesh is flesh
• Mankind loves the darkness
• What we can see, hear, measure, touch, reason
• General revelation points to God
• Special Revelation (Theology)
• Born of Spirit is spirit
• Senses spiritual matters
• Loves the light
• Born once - die twice, born twice - die once

28
Common Christian Maturity
Sanctification
Moral Principals
Theology
Science
Obey Laws
Fear
See Other Viewpoints
My View
29
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) Nicodemus (31-21)

• Only mentioned in Gospel of John
• Representative of Judaism (310)
• A member of ruling council (Sanhedrin)
• Spoke up for Jesus during Festival of Tabernacles
  (750-52)
• Helped Joseph of Arimathea at the burial (1939)
• No clear record Nicodemus ever believed

30
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) John The Baptist (322-36)

• Jesus speaks the word of God (334)
• Jesus has the Spirit without measure (334)
• The Father loves the Son and has given Him all
  things in His hand
• He who believes in Jesus has eternal life, He
  who does not believe in Him faces the wrath of God

31
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) The Water of Life (41-42)

• Encounter with Samarian woman
• Samaritans were ½ Jewish and ½ Assyrian
• Samarians were looked down upon by Israelites
• Samaritans saw what the Israelites could not see
• She was the first Christian missionary
• Jesus describes Himself as giving living water
• Water represents the Holy Spirit (738-39)
• Old Testament water issues from God (Jer. 213,
  1713 Isa. 551, Ezek. 471-12, Song 415)
• Water is common motif in John

32
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) The Water of Life (41-42)

• God seeks worship anywhere not just Jerusalem
• Mt. Gerizim (this mountain)
• Altar by Abraham (Gen 127) and Jacob (Gen.
  3320)
• Blessing of Israelites (Deut. 1129, 2712)
• Temple required to be built (Deut. 174ff)
• Only one place for temple (in Torah) (Deut. 125)
• Samaritans did not recognize 2 Chron. 66, Ps.
  7868)

33
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) The Water of Life (41-42)

• Jesus Food
• Disciples went into village to buy food
• He did not get hungry (40 days temptation)
• Is to do the will of the Father accomplish His
  work
• Fields ready for Harvest
• Old Testament prophets had sown the seeds
• New Believers will reap the harvest
• Now comes the Samaritans from the village ready
  for harvesting
• Interesting the 1st ones being harvested were not
  Jews

34
I. Jesus Initial Ministry Produces Faith
(119-442) 2 Discourses (31-442)

• 1st Discourse The New Birth (31-36)
• 2nd Discourse - The Water of Life (41-42)

35
II. Jesus Authority of His Word (443-547)
Narrative (443-59a) 2nd Sign - Healing
Noblemans Son (443-54)

• Jesus is quite successful in reaching gentiles
• A prophet is not received in His own country
  (Jewish people)
• Healing from afar
• Also healing after coming out of Judea
• Purpose of the sign is to elicit faith
• Gentile believer
• 2nd 3rd signs performed in Galilee (not Judea)

36
II. Jesus Authority of His Word (443-547)
Section Chiasm Summary (John 2-5)New Covenant
better than Mosaic Covenant

• Jesus works a miracle in Cana (1st Sign - Water
  into Wine)
• Jesus cleanses the temple in Jerusalem
• Jesus tells Nicodemus about being born of water
  Spirit
• Man is born from below with earthly truths
• You must be (spiritually) born again
• Jesus came from above with spiritual truths
• Jesus speaks to Samaritan woman of water and the
  Spirit
• Jesus tells Samaritan woman, You can worship
  anywhere
• Jesus works a miracle in Cana (2nd Sign healing
  from afar)

37
II. Jesus Authority of His Word (443-547)
Section Chiasm Summary (John 2-5)

• We must believe in Jesus to be born anew and be
  surrounded by the Holy Spirit. This should lead
  us to worship. Lastly we know Jesus is God
  because this verified by the miraculous signs
  written in the Word of God.
• Jesus new covenant fulfills and is better than
  the old (Mosaic Covenant)

38
II. Jesus Authority of His Word (443-547)
Jewish Festivals (5-10)

• The Sabbath Festival (5)
• Sets the tone for all of the festivals
• The Passover Festival (6)
• The Tabernacles Festival (7-9)
• Case Study A Blind Man and Light (9)
• The Hanukkah Festival in Jerusalem (10)

39
II. Jesus Authority of His Word (443-547)
Narrative (443-59a)3rd Sign-Healing Lame Man
on Sabbath (51-9a)

• Healing on Sabbath
• Broke an oral law, not the Mosaic Covenant (4th
  commandment (Exodus 209-11)
• A practical teaching by Jesus on water and the
  spirit
• Jesus and God both work on the Sabbath (517)
• They sought to kill Jesus because (518)
• He was breaking the Sabbath oral law
• He was calling God his own Father making himself
  equal to God

40
II. Jesus Authority of His Word (443-547) 3rd
Discourse (59b 47)Jesus the Son of God
(519-30)

• He who honors the Son honors the Father, he who
  does not honor the Son does not honor the Father
  who sent Me
• Jesus is sovereign over life(521) and judgment
  (522)
• He who hears My word, and believes in the Father
  avoids judgment and has eternal life (524)
• I can do nothing of my own initiative (530)
• God raises the dead and gives them everlasting
  life (521)
• 2 Resurrections everlasting life judgment

41
II. Jesus Authority of His Word (443-547) 3rd
Discourse (59b 47)5 Witnesses of Jesus (Deut.
176)

• God (thru John) (532)
• John (533-35)
• Works (536)
• Signs coming from the Father pointing to the
  cross
• Scriptures (39-40)
• Scripture cannot save you only Jesus can save
  you
• Moses (546-47)
• Moses wrote about Him ( other prophets) (Deut
  1815)

42
III. Jesus Flesh Blood Gives Life (6)4th Sign
- Feeding the Multitude (Galilee) (61-15)

• Practical Passover teaching about bread
• Reminds them how God led Israelites out of
  bondage in Egypt into the promised land
• Barley is the bread of the poor in those days
• Jesus is the new Elijah (of the Passover)
• Jesus escaped from the crowd ready to crown him
  king

43
The Storm on the Lake of Galilee Rembrandt
44
III. Jesus Flesh Blood Gives Life (6) 5th Sign
- Walking on the Water (Galilee) (616-21)

• Practical Teaching about who Jesus is
• Reminds them of how God led them thru the water
  coming out of Egypt (Ex. 13-15)
• Psalm 7716, 19-20
• Psalm 10725-30

45
The Sea of Galilee
46
Jesus Celebrates Passover at Capernaum
47
III. Jesus Flesh Blood Gives Life (6) 1st I AM
- I Am the Bread of Life (635 48)

• 4th Discourse - The Bread of Life (622-71)
• Moses gave them bread in the desert and they died
• Jesus gives us true bread leading to eternal life
  and we will never go hungry
• He who believes in me will never be thirsty (Holy
  Spirit)
• Jesus gives us spiritual teachings

48
III. Jesus Flesh Blood Gives Life (6) 1st I AM
- I Am the Bread of Life (635 48)

• 4th Discourse - The Bread of Life (622-71)
• You must eat the flesh of Jesus (believe in Him)
• The one who eats the flesh of Jesus and drinks
  His blood remains in Me and I in Him
• This only happens once (Greek aorist tense)
• Feasting on His words is eating His body
• He who feeds on Me will live forever
• This Bread is my flesh is not in the Last
  Supper in John
• Jesus chose them (us) they later chose Him

49
III. Jesus Flesh Blood Gives Life (6) 1st I AM
- I Am the Bread of Life (635 48)
50
III. Jesus Flesh Blood Gives Life (6) 1st I AM
- I Am the Bread of Life (635 48)
51
Festival of Booths Sukkot

• Jewish Year 5767 sunset October 6, 2006 -
  sunset October 13, 2006
• Jewish Year 5768 sunset September 26, 2007 -
  sunset October 3, 2007
• The word "Sukkot" means "booths," and refers to
  the temporary dwellings that we are commanded to
  live in during this holiday in memory of the
  period of wandering. The Hebrew pronunciation of
  Sukkot is "Sue COAT," but is often pronounced as
  in Yiddish, to rhyme with "BOOK us." The name of
  the holiday is frequently translated "Feast of
  Tabernacles," which, like many translations of
  Jewish terms, isn't very useful. This translation
  is particularly misleading, because the word
  "tabernacle" in the Bible refers to the portable
  Sanctuary in the desert, a precursor to the
  Temple, called in Hebrew "mishkan." The Hebrew
  word "sukkah" (plural "sukkot") refers to the
  temporary booths that people lived in, not to the
  Tabernacle.
• Sukkot lasts for seven days. The two days
  following the festival, Shemini Atzeret and
  Simchat Torah, are separate holidays but are
  related to Sukkot and are commonly thought of as
  part of Sukkot.

52
Festival of Booths Sukkot

• This is also why Sukkot is known as hag-ha-asif,
  the festival of ingathering. The Torah says
• You shall celebrate the festival of ingathering,
  at the end of the year, when you gather in your
  labors out of the field. (Exodus 2316)
• In addition, because of its strong agricultural
  elements, some scholars believe that the current
  custom of building your own sukkah stems from the
  harvest when workers would live in temporary huts
  in fields. They argue that our sukkot with their
  open roofs bear more resemblance to the
  harvester's huts than they do with the dwellings
  the Jews lived in the desert.
• Sukkot is a happy holiday.  In biblical times,
  Sukkot was considered to be the most important
  festival. It was actually referred to as ha-chag,
  the festival, (Kings 1232).  King Solomon chose
  Sukkot as the holiday during which he consecrated
  the first temple. It was also the occasion every
  seven years for the ceremony hak'heil, the public
  reading of the Torah before the whole people
  (Deuteronomy 3110-13). Sukkot is also said to be
  the festival of the future, when in the messianic
  period, all nations will come to Jerusalem and
  celebrate.

53
Festival of Booths - Sukkot

54
Festival of Booths - Sukkot
55
Festival of Booths - Sukkot
56
IV. Jesus Light Divides People - Life or Death
(7,8)5th Discourse at Festival of Booths

• 5th Discourse - Life-Giving Spirit (71-52)
• The Beginning of the Festival (71-13)
• Jesus had just healed on the Sabbath
• The people were divided concerning Him
• The people were afraid of the Jews (authorities)
  and whispered (grumbled)

57
IV. Jesus Light Divides People - Life or Death
(7,8) 5th Discourse Life Giving Spirit (71-32)

• The Middle of the Festival (714-36)
• Scene 1 Where did Jesus go to school (715)? God
• He did not have apostolic authority (from Moses)
• He got his authority from God (a Messianic claim)
• Those that break the law should not judge
• Scene 2 Where is this man from (725-27)? God
• Jesus was sent from above and speaks the words of
  the Father
• Jews cannot comprehend because they do not know
  God
• Crowd is divided
• Scene 3 Where is this man going (732-36)? God
• Jesus will soon depart, a going away to return
  to the Father
• Jewish leaders make fun of his going to the
  gentiles

58
IV. Jesus Light Divides People - Life or Death
(7,8)5th Discourse Life Giving Spirit
(71-32)The Last Day of the Festival (737-52)

• Last day of festival had water ceremony performed
  7 times
• Water was a powerful symbol at this festival at
  many levels
• If anyone is thirsty, let him come to Me and
  drink
• Jesus provides living water (the Holy Spirit)
• Huge debate on whether living water comes from
  Jesus or the believer
• Pharisees say crowd does not know the law (of
  Moses)
• Pharisees demonstrated lack of knowledge of the
  Law
• Jesus was from Bethlehem not Galilee
• Prophets Jonah and Nahum were from Galilee
• An alternate manuscript suggests The Prophet
  does not come from Galilee
• Jesus did not answer because He really was from
  above

59
IV. Jesus Light Divides People - Life or Death
(7,8)5th Discourse at Festival of Booths

• The Woman Caught in Adultery (753-812)
• This passage is not in the original (oldest)
  manuscripts
• Scholarly opinion is almost unanimous this
  passage is foreign to John, interrupts the flow
  of thought, and John did not write it
• Jewish Law was broken
• Two witnesses required to speak up but they
  remained silent
• While men were to be stoned to death, women were
  to be strangled
• The man was set free
• They wanted to trap Jesus publicly, for her trial
  could have been private
• Jesus concluded by asserting His authority to
  forgive sins

60
IV. Jesus Light Divides People - Life or Death
(7,8)5th Discourse at Festival of Booths

• The Woman Caught in Adultery (753-812)
• Karla Faye Tucker (Texas) and her boyfriend
  killed a man
• She went to jail, became a Christian, and married
  prison chaplain
• She was executed 6 years later no forgiveness
  by Governor Bush

61
IV. Jesus Light Divides People - Life or Death
(7,8)6th Discourse at Festival of Booths

• 2nd I AM - I Am the light of the world (812)
• I am the Light of the World (812-20)
• Fantastic light ceremony each year at Booths
• Jesus is the true light of the world
• He has 2 witnesses God Himself -like
  adulterous woman
• I am going away (821-30)
• Jesus is from above and will soon be lifted up
  (return to Heaven)
• Unsaved Believers cannot understand this

62
John 3 Characteristics of a Disciple

• That you abide in His word (831)
• And you will know the truth and the truth shall
  set you free
• Believers can know the truth because they are not
  blinded by sin
• That you love one another (1334-35)
• That you bear much fruit and so prove to be my
  disciples (158)

63
IV. Jesus Light Divides People - Life or Death
(7,8)6th Discourse at Festival of Booths

• 2nd I AM - I Am the light of the world (812)
• Spiritual Ancestry (831-59)
• Some believe but most cannot understand what He
  says
• Truth brings freedom, not racial heritage
• The priests represent their father, the devil
• The people are captive because they are slaves to
  sin (devil)
• People can only be slaves either of Christ or the
  devil
• Abraham is alive today and glad to see the
  Messiah
• Before Abraham was born, I am (Chapter climax)

64
Pool of Siloam

• This pool supplied water for all Jerusalem thru
  Hezekiahs tunnel
• During a siege, Jerusalem always had water.
• Jesus is now provides living water

65
Pool at Siloah - Early 1900s Today
66
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67
V. Jesus Kindness Different from Authority
(9-1039)

• Narrative - 6th Sign - Healing man born blind
  (91-41)
• Healing of the Blind Man (91-7)
• We are not sick because we have sinned
• Retribution principal
• Most never saw the blind man they walked
  right by
• Jesus saw the blind man
• We too need to see those around us
• Nobody knew who Jesus was at, not even the one
  healed

68
V. Jesus Kindness Different from Authority
(9-1039)

• Narrative - 6th Sign - Healing man born blind
  (91-41)
• Healing of the Blind Man (91-7)
• Practical demonstration of Jesus as the Light of
  the world
• Messianic miracle to heal a man born blind from
  birth
• The water in the pool used for Booths water
  ceremony
• Jesus was sent the pool was named sent
• Jesus healed blind men (His trademark so to
  speak) in
• Matt 927-31 115 2114 Mark 822-36 Luke
  417 722
• Then they follow Jesus to be delivered from
  suffering

69
V. Jesus Kindness Different from Authority
(9-1039)

• Narrative - 6th Sign - Healing man born blind
  (91-41)
• Interrogation (98-34)
• Everyone at the festival saw the miracle
• He was interrogated by
• Neighbors (98-13) was this the one healed?
• Pharisees (914-17) did Jesus violate the
  Sabbath?
• The mans parents (918-23) fearful of the
  leaders
• The formerly blind man (again) (924-29)
• Since God does not listen to sinners and
• Since God listened to Jesus and God restored his
  sight
• Therefore Jesus cannot be a sinner.
• Followers of Moses is at heart of the later
  Church / Jews split

70
V. Jesus Kindness Different from Authority
(9-1039)

• Narrative - 6th Sign - Healing man born blind
  (91-41)
• Spiritual Blindness (935-41)
• The man once blind can now see spiritually
• The accusers think that sickness is caused by sin
• The accusers are now judged by Jesus
• The accusers reveal their spiritual blindness
• 2nd I AM - I Am the light of the world (812)

71
V. Jesus Kindness Different from Authority
(9-1039) Feast of Dedication (Hanukkah)

• 7th Discourse - Good Shepherd (101-42)
• Where does 101-21 belong?
• Festival not mentioned till verse 21 and
  discussion mentions the blind man again
• Subject matter consistent with rest of Chapter 10
  and it appears to be the same crowd
• There is a literary unity between chapter 9 10
• This is the only reference to Hanukkah in our
  Bible
• Maccabaean revolt was against corrupt Greek and
  Jewish leaders
• Temple was rededicated after revolt
• Hanukkah was an 8 day celebration about failed
  leadership and false teachers

72
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73
http//www.historychannel.com/exhibits/holidays/ha
nukkah/history.html

• Hanukkah is celebrated for eight days and nights,
  starting on the 25th of Kislev on the Hebrew
  calendar (which is November-December on the
  Gregorian calendar). In Hebrew, the word
  "Hanukkah" means "dedication." The holiday
  commemorates the rededication of the holy Temple
  in Jerusalem after the Jews' 165 B.C.E. victory
  over the Hellenist Syrians. Antiochus, the Greek
  King of Syria, outlawed Jewish rituals and
  ordered the Jews to worship Greek gods.
• In 168 B.C.E. the Jews' holy Temple was seized
  and dedicated to the worship of Zeus.
• Some Jews were afraid of the Greek soldiers and
  obeyed them, but most were angry and decided to
  fight back.

74

• .
• The fighting began in Modiin, a village not far
  from Jerusalem. A Greek officer and soldiers
  assembled the villagers, asking them to bow to an
  idol and eat the flesh of a pig, activities
  forbidden to Jews. The officer asked Mattathias,
  a Jewish High Priest, to take part in the
  ceremony. He refused, and another villager
  stepped forward and offered to do it instead.
  Mattathias became outraged, took out his sword
  and killed the man, then killed the officer. His
  five sons and the other villagers then attacked
  and killed the soldiers. Mattathias' family went
  into hiding in the nearby mountains, where many
  other Jews who wanted to fight the Greeks joined
  them. They attacked the Greek soldiers whenever
  possible.
• About a year after the rebellion started,
  Mattathias died. Before his death, he put his
  brave son Judah Maccabee in charge of the growing
  army. After three years of fighting, the Jews
  defeated the Greek army, despite having fewer men
  and weapons.

75
http//www.historychannel.com/exhibits/holidays/ha
nukkah/history.html

• Judah Maccabee and his soldiers went to the holy
  Temple, and were saddened that many things were
  missing or broken, including the golden menorah.
  They cleaned and repaired the Temple, and when
  they were finished, they decided to have a big
  dedication ceremony. For the celebration, the
  Maccabees wanted to light the menorah. They
  looked everywhere for oil, and found a small
  flask that contained only enough oil to light the
  menorah for one day. Miraculously, the oil lasted
  for eight days. This gave them enough time to
  obtain new oil to keep the menorah lit. Today
  Jews celebrate Hanukkah for eight days by
  lighting candles in a menorah every night, thus
  commemorating the eight-day miracle.

76
V. Jesus Kindness Different from Authority
(9-1039)Feast of Dedication (Hanukkah)

• 7th Discourse - Good Shepherd (101-42)
• Last public discourse of Jesus
• The Good Shepherd (101-18)
• Note Isaiah 4010-11, 56-9-12 Jer. 231-4,
  2532-38 Ezek. 34 Zech. 11
• Moses and David were good Shepherds
• Impious kings in Israel were false Shepherds (1
  Kings 2217 Jer. 1021, 231-2)
• Greek culture and Gods had infiltrated Jewish
  Society

77
The Sheep Follow the Shepherd
78
Sheepfold in IsraelThe sheep enter by the gate
79
Circular Ancient Sheepfold
80
V. Jesus Kindness Different from Authority
(9-1039)Feast of Dedication (Hanukkah)

• 7th Discourse - Good Shepherd (101-42)
• The Good Shepherd (101-18)
• Unique story not a parable and not an analogy
• Jesus seems both a shepherd and a door (unique to
  John)
• The Good Shepherd will die for His sheep (main
  point)
• He has authority to lay down His life and to take
  it up again
• 3rd I AM - I Am the door (107,9)
• 4th I AM - I Am the good shepherd (1011,14)
• Jesus has other sheep not of this fold (Gentiles)
• This seems to be an urgent task

81
V. Jesus Kindness Different from Authority
(9-1039)Feast of Dedication (Hanukkah)

• 7th Discourse - Good Shepherd (101-42)
• The Reaction of the Crowd (1019-21)
• The crowd of Jew( People and leaders) is divided
• Some openly reject Him
• Each time demon mentioned in John, it refers to
  Jesus
• Others do not find Him a demon (far from
  acceptance)
• A few truly accept Him

82
V. Jesus Kindness Different from Authority
(9-1039) 7th Discourse - Good Shepherd (101-42)

• The Controversy Intensifies (1022-42)
• Jesus uses restraint when He talks to Jewish
  Leaders
• Only His followers can understand Him and hear
  Him say He is Messiah (due to unbelief)
• Faith, Eternal Life, and Security are gifts from
  God
• Believers are greater than anything else on earth
  and this world cannot overtake them (29)
• There is oneness in essence and nature between
  Jesus God (30)
• The Greek text says not one person but one
  essential unity
• Father is in me, and I am in the Father (38)

83
V. Jesus Kindness Different from Authority
(9-1039) 7th Discourse - Good Shepherd (101-42)

• The Controversy Intensifies (1022-42)
  (Continued)
• The Jews misunderstand and seek to kill Him due
  to blasphemy
• Jesus responds by quoting Psalm 825-7
• Psalm 82
• God will judge the world
• Those appointed on earth (sons of God) have
  neglected the weak needy, have judged unfairly,
  show partiality
• God come quickly to judge!

84
VI. Gift of Life thru Jesus Death (1040-1250)

• Many believed in Jesus
• (Beyond the Jordan
• John the Baptist starts ends Jesus public
  ministry
• These things start (119-28) and end (1041-42)
  in Bethany
• Chapters 11 and 12 are about life and death
• Pattern of Sign Narrative now reversed for
  first time

85
VI. Gift of Life thru Jesus Death
(1040-1250)7th Sign - Raising of Lazarus
(111-57)

• The Death of Lazarus (111-16)
• Jesus is teaching by example
• Lazarus dead before Jesus told
• Some ancients believed the soul lingered for 3
  days over a dead body
• Lazarus clearly dead for 4 days before Jesus
  arrives
• His resurrection, 2 miles from Jerusalem, was the
  hook that drove the Jewish authorities to
  decree His death
• Lazarus rose on the Sabbath
• Lazarus was the seventh sign, the sign of
  perfection

86
Lazarus Tomb
87
VI. Gift of Life thru Jesus Death
(1040-1250)7th Sign - Raising of Lazarus
(111-57)

• Jesus Comes to Bethany (1117-37)
• Jesus wept quietly, not like the loud wailing of
  those around Him
• Jesus could not have been upset with the death
  since He was about to resurrect Lazarus
• Jesus upset and weeps over Believers wrong death
  understandings
• The Jews misunderstood why He wept
• Some people believe ideally no earthly death
  wrong!

88
VI. Gift of Life thru Jesus Death
(1040-1250)7th Sign - Raising of Lazarus
(111-57)

• 5th I AM - I Am the resurrection and the life
  (1125)
• Lazarus is Raised to Life (1138-44)
• Luke 1619-31 account of raising the dead not
  convincing to those that do not believe
• The results of miracles are always division
• Only believers will see the glory of God (40)
• The unbelievers told the authorities about the
  raising of Lazarus an act of hostility
• Likewise Jesus will be raised to new life

89
VI. Gift of Life thru Jesus Death (1040-1250)
The Sanhedrin Plot to Kill Jesus (1145-57)

• Perhaps the real trial of Jesus took place at
  this time
• In John, there was no Roman trials, just Pilate
  trials
• Concerned that Jesus would cost them their jobs
  and bring about direct Roman rule
• Miracle evidence only increases hostility of
  unbelievers
• Every player said things at one level that was
  true also at a deeper level
• One man must die for the sake of the nation
• gather together into one the children of God
  scattered abroad.
• Let us go that we might die with Him

90
VI. Gift of Life thru Jesus Death (1040-1250)

• Narrative (1040-1219)
• The Anointing of Jesus by Mary (121-11)
• The Triumphal Entry (1212-19)
• Discourse The grain of wheat dies springs to
  fruitful life (1220-50)

91
John Simple Outline

• Prologue Jesus Christ is the Word (11-18)
• Public Ministry of the Son of God (119-1250)
  (Book of Signs)
• Private Ministry of the Son of God (131-2125)
  (Book of Glory)

92
VI. Gift of Life thru Jesus Death Map of Old
Jerusalem
93
VII. Departure Return of Jesus (131-2029)
Passover Discussion

• Several Passover Characteristics
• Foot Washing (Ceremonial Cleansing)
• Dipping of Morsels
• Matthew, Mark, and Luke give more details
• Passover was a week-long celebration
• Day of Sabbath Preparation
• Jesus was the sacrificial Passover Lamb

94
VII. Departure Return of Jesus (131-2029)
The Farewell Discourses

• Foot Washing (131-20)
• Ceremonial washing part of Passover (Seder)
• Announcement of Judas Betrayal (1321-30)
• The Disciples Questions (1334-1431)
• 6th I AM - I Am the way and the truth and the
  life (146)
• 7th I AM - I Am the true vine (151,5)
• The True Vine (151-16)
• Persecution (1517-25)

95
John Characteristics of the Spirit

• Dove (Spirit) lit on and remained with Jesus
  (132-33)
• Jesus had Spirit without measure (334)
• Source of living water (410)
• Living water flows from Jesus (737-39)
• Release dependent on Jesus death (167)
• Water (and blood) flow from Jesus on cross
  (1934)
• Spirit promised for Believers (31-10)
• Samarian woman seeks water, given living water
  (415) later identified as the Spirit (737-38)
• Spirit described in farewell discourse (14-16)
• Spirit given to disciples Easter Sunday (2023)

96
VII. Departure Return of Jesus (131-2029)
The Farewell Discourses

• Work of the Holy Spirit (1526-1615)
• Some Difficulties Solved (1616-33)
• High Priestly Prayer of Jesus (171-26)
• The longest recorded prayer of Jesus in the Bible

97
VII. Departure Return of Jesus Who Was?

• Annas High Priest at time of John the Baptist
• deposed in 15 AD by Gratus
• Questioned Peter in Acts 46
• Caiaphas High Priest during crucifixion
• son-in-law of Annas, appointed about 18 - removed
  AD 36
• Pontius Pilate Cruel Roman Governor of Judea
• tried to destroy Jews as did his predecessors.
• His king of the Jews was mocking all of them.
• Herod Antipas Cruel Ruler of Judea from a cruel
  family.

98
Last Week Jesus is Messiah The Six Friday
Morning Trials of Jesus

• Blasphemy (Jewish religious charge)
• Annas House (John 1813-24)
• Caiaphas House (2657-68, Mark 1453-65, Luke
  2254)
• Sanhedrin (171, Mark 151a, Luke 2266-71)
• (Failed to find two witnesses that agreed to put
  Jesus to death)
• Sedition (Roman civil charge)
• Pilate (272, 11-14, Luke 231-5, John 1828-38)
• Herod Antipas (Luke 231-6)
• Pilate (2715-26, John 1839-1916)
• After 3 Jewish and 3 Roman trials Not Guilty
• Jesus reveals Messiahship during these trials

99
Last Week Jesus is MessiahThe Last Week

• Sunday Triumphal entry
• Monday Jesus cleanses the temple
• Tuesday Authority questioned, teaches,
  anointed at Bethany
• Wednesday Plot against Jesus
• Thursday The Last Supper, Gethsemane
• Friday Jesus crucifixion temple destroyed
• Sunday Resurrection the temple rebuilt

100
VII. Departure Return of Jesus 7 Chiasm
(1828-1916)

• Outside Pilates Chamber Passover (1828-32)
• God controls Pilate, Jesus - inside (1833-38a)
• Pilate finds no crime in Him outside
  (1838b-40)
• Jesus Flogged (191-3)
• Jesus Crowned
• JESUS ARRAYED IN A ROYAL ROBE
• Jesus Hailed as King
• Jesus Struck
• Pilate finds no crime in Him outside (194-8)
• God controls Pilate, Jesus - inside (199-10)
• Outside Pilates Chamber - Passover (1912-16)

101
VII. Departure Return of Jesus
(131-2029)Narrative (181-2029)

• The Arrest of Jesus (181-11)
• Hearings before Annas Caiaphas with Peters
  denials (1812-27)
• The Hearing before Pilate (1828-19-16)
• The Crucifixion burial (1917-42)
• The Empty Tomb resurrection appearances
  (201-29)

102
Conclusion Theme Verses (2030-31)

• Conclusion The purpose of the 4th gospel to
  evoke life-bringing faith in Jesus as the Christ,
  the Son of God (201-29)
• Epilogue (211-25)
• Narrative (211-14)
• Discourse the recommission of Peter (2115-23)
• 3 Denials 3 Do you love me
• Charcoal fires both during denials and
  recommission
• Final Authentication (2124-25)

103
Bibliography

• Gundry, Robert H. A Survey of the New Testament.
  Grand Rapids Zondervan, 2003.
• Holman Bible Dictionary. Nashville Holman Bible
  Publishers, 1991.
• Martinez, Ted. Talbot New Testament Survey
  Lectures, Talbot Theological Seminary, Summer
  2003.
• Thomas, Robert L. and Stanley N. Gundry. A
  Harmony of the Gospels. Chicago Moody Press,
  1991.
• Burge, Gary M. John. The NIV Application
  Commentary. Grand Rapids Zondervan, 2000.
• Kostenberger, Andreas J. John. Zondervan
  Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary Vol 2.
  Grand Rapids Zondervan, 2002.

104
John 7 Messianic Signs

• Water into Wine (21-11)
• Healing the Noblemans Son (446-54)
• Healing of the Lame Man (51-18)
• Feeding the Multitude (61-15)
• Walking on the Water (616-21)
• Healing the man born blind (91-41)
• The Raising of Lazarus (111-57)

105
John 7 Public Discourses

• The New Birth (31-36)
• The Water of Life (41-42)
• The Divine Son (519-47)
• The Bread of Life (622-67)
• The Life-Giving Spirit (71-52)
• The Light of the World (812-59)
• The Good Shepherd (101-42)