QUEEN

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QUEENS COLLEGE, YABA, LAGOS , NIGERIA

• TEAM MEMBERS
• Nwazota Kene.
• Suleiman Rukayat
• Elias Yewande
• Omeihe Oluoma
• Adebayo Christiana
• CO-ORDINATORS
• Elizabeth Oyelola.
• Chinemelum Anakwue.
• Oluyemi Adenmosun.

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CULTURAL FESTIVALS

• OUR CULTURE

THE LAGOS CLASS
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INTRODUCTION

• Festivals are one of the most common heritage
  activities cherished and observed religiously.
  There are different types of festivals celebrated
  at different times and seasons and for different
  purposes.
• Each festival has rules and regulations that
  guide them. These rules and regulations are
  strictly adhered to by all.
• In some cultures, the presence of women are not
  required while others, though required the
  presence of women, believe they should be seen
  and not heard.

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• There are various festivals performed in Lagos
  which are fun but connotes some traditional
  implications.
• Each festival has requirements which are unique
  to them depending on the different geographical
  locations in the country.
• Some of the festivals performed in Lagos are
• AGERE MASQUERADE FESTIVAL
• EYO FESTIVAL
• EFE/GELEDE MASQUERADE FESTIVAL
• ZANGBETO MASQUERADE FESTIVAL

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AGERE MASQUERADE

• Originated from the western part of Lagos and
  Kwara states.
• The masquerades stand on stilts to give them
  their required height.

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EYO FESTIVAL

• The Eyo festival is one of the most important
  festivals in the south-western part of the
  country.
• The Eyo is to Lagos as Samba is to Brazil.
• The Eyo was introduced into Lagos from Abeokuta.
• It is believed to be introduced from outside the
  African continent but the particular origin is
  yet to be ascertained.

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• Our people believe that each time the Eyo
  Festival holds, the barren will conceive and a
  variety of private problems get solved.
• It takes place only on Sundays.
• The Senior Eyo is identified by a black
  broad-rimmed hat and go to public with a staff.
• There are other groups of Eyo masquerades who are
  identified by the colour of their rimmed hat,
  like Laba (red), Oniko (yellow), Ologede
  (green), Olokun (white).

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• This is possibly the only Nigerian festival with
  stringent rules for both participants and
  onlookers.
• Importantly, headgears and footwear of any kind
  are not allowed and trousers are not allowed for
  females on the D-Day.
• The Eyo Masquerade Festival occurs during the
  coronation of a new king, the death of the king
  or an important dignitary.

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• The staff (Opanbata) they hold is placed on an
  individual for prayer or logging offenders.
• The senior Eyo (Eyo Adimu) comes out first in the
  procession then the others follow in their order
  of seniority.
• Before the Eyo comes out, sacrifices have to be
  carried out to appease the gods for prosperity,
  peace and love.

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GELEDE / EFE FESTIVAL

• It is celebrated by certain Yoruba subgroups in
  western Nigeria and Republic of Benin.
• It highlights the importance of women and serves
  as an occasion to recognize their spiritual
  powers.
• It is generally performed over a two-day period.

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EFE / GELEDE MASQUERADE

• Efe festival is performed on the first day in the
  market area - a setting of social, religious and
  economic activity primarily involving women.
• Gelede festival is performed in the afternoon
  following the Efe festival to embody an approach
  to the mothers that appeal to their positive
  attributes.
• The main performers for Gelede festival are
  masquerades.

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ZANGBETO MASQUERADE

• The zangbeto masquerade is celebrated in Badagry
  every year and the duration is for nine days,
  during which the people make merry and do not
  work.
• The Zangbeto festival includes males and some
  females who have passed child-bearing age.

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• The Zangbeto serves as a cult and are said to
  have magical powers. They dress in raffia only.
• They serve as the traditional Police to
  Badagrians to solve disputes and ensure that the
  law takes its course.

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Festivals in Wichita

• And where they come from

By Trea Gadbury Alissa Farley Keith
Simmons
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• Flight Festival celebrates the fact that we are
  the air capital of the U.S.A.
• It can involve lots of stunt planes performing
  aerial tricks.
• This years performances will be performed by Red
  Eagle Air Sports, Red Barron Pizza Squadron, and
  Oregon Aero Sky Dancer.
• The date will be August 22, 2008 - August 24,
  2008.
• This festival is celebrated merely for public
  enjoyment, and to celebrate our dominance in the
  airplane making business.

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River Festival

• The River Fest is about when the pioneers decided
  to have a year long celebration of the 100th
  anniversary of Wichita.
• It was called the River Festival, because the
  Arkansas River was such an important resource.
  They had the last day of the year long fest along
  the river.
• They held a carnival, hoe-down, hometown fair,
  water shows, a pow-wow and a fishing contest.
• This is now an annual event and attracts people
  from all over Kansas adding up to about 350,000
  people.

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The 8th Annual WSU Car Show

• This is a car show created by the Kansas W.S.U
  college students.
• This is all the college kids showing off there
  Hot Rods for everyone else.
• This is funded by the college students mostly,
  and occasionally the college funds some of it.
• Last years winner was Wayne Bagby with a 1949
  Chevy Truck.

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Conclusion

• In all, Wichita does not have the largest amount
  of festivals but it does have some of the most
  entertaining.

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CULTURAL FESTIVALS AND HERITAGE OF SOUTH AFRICA

• By Salvatore and Gabriella
• Homeschooled in Johannesburg South Africa by
  Penny
• iEarn ppm1
• January May 2008

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HUMAN RIGHTS DAY21 MARCH

• Sharpeville massacre happened on 21 March 1960.
  People in South Africa have commemorated the
  Sharpeville Massacre ever since it happened,
  often in secret or in exile. The day is now
  commemorated as Human Rights Day.
• Pass laws required that Africans had to carry
  identity documents with them at all times. These
  books had to contain stamps providing official
  proof that that the person in question had
  permission to be in a town at that time.
  Initially only men were forced to carry these
  books, but soon law also compelled women to carry
  the dreaded documents.

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Freedom park
http//www.freedompark.co.za/index.html

• The Freedom Park Trust was mandated to build The
  Freedom Park, a Presidential legacy project which
  is envisaged to bear witness to our struggle for
  humanity and freedom.
• The project was initiated when government
  received requests from civil society, NGOs,
  academics and various political interest groups
  for some kind of symbolic reparation as well as
  to celebrate our achievements as a nation. One of
  the exciting ways in which these aspirations are
  brought to life is through Sikhumbuto, a memorial
  dedicated to those who have laid down their lives
  in the struggle for humanity and freedom, cutting
  across eight conflict areas.  These are
  Pre-Colonial, Genocide, Slavery, Wars of
  Resistance, South African War (Anglo-Boer War),
  First World War, Second World War and the
  Liberation Struggle.
• This memorial comprises a number of indoor and
  outdoor elements.  These are the Amphitheatre,
  The Eternal Flame, Sanctuary, The Gallery of
  Leaders and the Wall of Names.  By inscribing the
  names of those who have fallen on the Wall, the
  nation will not only be able to remember, but
  also to honour them.

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FREEDOM DAY27 APRIL

• Freedom Day marks the liberation of our country
  and its people from a long period of colonialism
  and white minority domination - which means that
  we no longer have the situation in which
  political power is enjoyed and exercised by a
  minority of our population, to the exclusion of
  the majority. Freedom Day is a day for all South
  Africans.
• We pledge "Never again would a minority
  government impose itself on the majority"
• South Africans are "One people with one
  destiny". It is therefore imperative for South
  Africans of diverse political and economic
  backgrounds to work towards a common objective.
  On Freedom Day we celebrate the relentless
  efforts of those who fought for liberation, of
  the many men and women who took up arms and
  courted imprisonment, bannings and torture on
  behalf of the oppressed masses.

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Freedom Day means something very valuable, the
necessary condition for us to achieve the vital
andfundamental objective of a better life for
all.
                                                                         
                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                          

• On Freedom Day, we commit ourselves to ensuring
  the defense of the sacred freedoms that we had
  won as a result of a long, difficult and costly
  struggle. We remind ourselves that the guarantee
  of these freedoms requires permanent vigilance.
  It is our pledge to devote ourselves to continue
  to work to wipe out the legacy of racism in our
  country. We need to ensure that all our people
  enjoy these freedoms not merely as theoretical
  rights but they must form the daily life
  experience of all South Africans.

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YOUTH DAY16 June

• When high-school students in Soweto started
  protesting for better education on 16 June 1976,
  police responded with teargas and live bullets.
  It is commemorated today by a South African
  national holiday, Youth day, which honors all the
  young people who lost their lives in the struggle
  against Apartheid and Bantu Education.
• http//africanhistory.about.com/library/weekly/aa0
  60801b.htm

http//www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governence-proje
cts/june16/index.htm
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• Contribution by Jack, Luke, Adam and Jasmine
  from Pentrehafod School, Swansea for the Cultural
  Festivals project by Queens College, Lagos,
  Nigeria.

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Festivals in Wales

By Jack Luke Adam Jasmine
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Different Festivals
The different type of festivals in Wales are -
National Eisteddfod Urdd Eisteddfod Swansea
Summer
St David's Day Eisteddfod
Brecon Jazz Royal Welsh Show Abergerveny Food
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St David's Day
In Wales we celebrate March 1st every year, it is
where all the welsh people dress up,sing and eat
traditional welsh foods such as Welsh cakes, lava
bread and drink Cwrw Schools normally have a
special assembly and normally have some readings
how St.David came upon his journey through life.
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Eisteddfod
An Eisteddfod is a Welsh festival of literature
music and performance. The tradition of such a
meeting of Welsh artists dates back to at least
the 12th century when a festival of poetry and
music was held by Rhys of Deheubarth at his court
in Cardigan in 1176, but with the decline of the
bardic tradition it fell into abeyance. The
present-day format owes much to an eighteenth
century revival arising out of a number of
informal eisteddfodau. The word Eisteddfod is
derived from the Welsh word eistedd, meaning
"sit".
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Swansea Summer
The Swansea summer festival from May to September
the area around the fabulous sweep of Swansea Bay
is alive with a myriad of fantastic events, shows
and carnivals for everyone to enjoy. 
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Royal Welsh Show
The Royal Welsh Agricultural Society was formed
in 1904, and the first Event was held in
Aberystwyth in the same year. Wales the Society
have come a long way since those early days, and
now the annual Royal Welsh Show is one of the
biggest events in Wales' Calendar.
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Abergavenny Food
This year the Abergavenny Food Festival will be
launching its first Fringe programme. Local
businesses and community groups have been invited
to put on special events and promotions between
13 and 21 September. The aim is to highlight the
diversity and quality of what Abergavenny and the
surrounding area has to offer to both visitors
and residents.
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Thank You