Providing First Aid

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Providing First Aid Handling Emergencies
First Aid for Choking, Rescue Breathing, And CPR
Chapter 35, Lesson 3Target Group 8th grade
students in a classroom setting

• BY
• Katie Duffy
• Andrew Lebovic
• Melissa Rodriguez
• Heather Purvis

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Purpose

• To arm you with the ammunition to combat the
  worst of emergency situations.

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What you need to know

• Define key terms listed under vocabulary list
• Learn proper first aid administration techniques,
  as well as learn proper CPR and rescue breathing
  techniques
• Learn the importance of emergency medicine
• Learn proper prevention methods concerning
  emergency medicine

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Changing your attitude

• Feel comfortable with emergency situations
• Have a feeling of empowerment by being able to
  identify emergency situations

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What you will be able to do

• List the steps for aiding a choking adult, child,
  and infant
• Demonstrate the process for administering rescue
  breathing for adults, children, and infants
  demonstrate the steps for administering CPR for
  adults, children, and infants

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Key Terms

• -Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver)
• -respiratory failure
• -carotid pulse
• -cardiovascular failure
• -cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
• -Xiphoid Process
• -Automated External Defibrillator (AED)

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Incidences of Sudden Cardiac Arrest

• From Coronary Heart Disease
• 900 times/day in the US
• gtAGE 35 1/1000 per year
• ltAge 35 1/100000 per year

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Incidences of Choking(2001)

• lt14 years old
• -17,537 treated in ER
• FOOD-60
• NONFOOD-31
• Not Reported-9
• 6TH LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN U.S.(GLENCOE
  HEALTH)

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Survival Statistics

• Increased chance of survival with CPR and AED
  use.
• -3 to 5 min window
• only 24.7 of Cardiac arrest cases received
  Bystander CPR.
• (Personal communication, Seattle Medic One, Aug.
  2, 2005)

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Steps for aiding a choking person

• -ADULT- (Conscious choking)
• 1. Encourage forceful coughing
• 2. Administer five back blows between shoulder
  blades
• 3. Administer five abdominal thrusts

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Steps for aiding a choking Person cont.

• -ADULT- (Unconscious choking)
• 1. Call 9-1-1
• 1. Attempt two rescue breaths
• 2. Give 15 chest compressions
• 3. Check victim's mouth for obstruction and
  remove if possible
• 4. If no obstruction, continue with second set of
  15 chest compressions
• 5. Give 2 rescue breaths if chest rises

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Steps for aiding a choking Person cont.

• -CHILD- (conscious choking)
• 1. Encourage forceful coughing
• 2. Administer five (5) back blows between
  shoulder blades
• 3. Administer five (5) abdominal thrusts

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Steps for aiding a choking Person cont.

• -CHILD- (Unconscious choking)
• 1. Call 9-1-1
• 2. Attempt two rescue breaths
• 3. Give five chest thrusts
• 4. Look in victim's mouth for obstruction and
  remove if possible
• 5. Repeat cycle of rescue breaths, chest thrusts
  and mouth sweep until two rescue breaths are
  achieved

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Steps for aiding a choking Person cont.

• -Infants- (Conscious)
• 1. Turn infant face down and give five back blows
• 2. Give five chest thrusts (using 2 or 3 fingers)

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Steps for aiding a choking Person cont.

• -Infants- (Unconscious)
• 1. Call 9-1-1
• 2. Attempt two rescue breaths
• 3. Give five chest thrusts
• 4. Look in victim's mouth for obstruction and
  remove if possible
• 5. Repeat cycle of rescue breaths, chest thrusts
  and mouth sweep until two rescue breaths are
  achieved

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Process for administering rescue breathing

• Rescue Barriers
• always use to protect yourself and victim

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Rescue Breathing Process

• ADULT/CHILD/INFANT
• 1. Tilt head back
• 2. Pinch nose

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Rescue Breathing Process cont.

• 3. Give two normal breaths (give time for
  exhalation between breaths)
• If chest does not rise, tilt head more

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Introduction to
CPR
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Process for administering CPR
http//depts.washington.edu/learncpr/video.html
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Prevention Methods

• 1. Avoid food that can be a choking hazard
• 2. Keep dangerous household items away
• 3. Supervise children
• 4. Red Cross for kids
• 5. Learn Information on emergency medicine

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Choking Hazards Include

• -Hard, raw vegetables
• -Hot dogs/ sausages sliced into rounds
• -Whole grapes
• -Hard candy, pretzels, popcorn, chips
• -Marshmallows, spoons of peanut butter
• -Chewing gum

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To Prevent Choking

• -Shred hard vegetables and fruits
• -Slice hot dogs lengthwise
• -Remove pits from fruits
• -Finely chop seeds and nuts
• -Spread peanut butter thinly, do not serve
  directly from spoon

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Review of Key Points

• -Cardiovascular Disease 1 cause of death overall
• -Accidents 1 cause of death in 14 year olds
• -Food 1 reason for choking
• -Only ¼ cardiac arrest victims received bystander
  CPR
• -Be familiar with prevention methods

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Questions/Comments