Assessment

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Assessment Skills Steps of CPR
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An 8 Step Process

• Assess responsiveness
• If no response Phone 911
• Open the airway Look, Listen feel
• If no breathing Give 2 rescue breaths
• Assess for signs of circulation
• If no signs of circulation Begin chest
  compressions
• Continue pump blow for 1 minute
• Reassess

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Step 1 Check Responsiveness

• Gently shake the
• victims shoulders
• and shout,
• Are you OK?

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Step 2 If no response, call 911

• If unresponsive
• Call 911

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Step 2 If no response, call 911

• If unresponsive
• Call 911
• Get an Automated External Defibrillator

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Step 2 If no response, call 911

• If unresponsive
• Call 911
• Get an Automated External Defibrillator
• Kneel at victims side to start CPR
• Near the shoulder works best

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Step 3 Open the Airway

• Head tilt-chin lift method
• Figure A shows a
• blocked airway
• Figure B shows a
• cleared airway with
• the head properly
• tilted

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Step 3 Open the Airway

• Head tilt-chin lift method
• Jaw thrust method
• Use if there is a possible injury to the head or
  neck
• Pull the base of the jaw upward while leaving the
  head still

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Step 4 Rescue Breathing

• Look, Listen Feel
• Look for the chest
• to rise
• Listen for sounds
• of breathing
• Feel for breath to
• come out of nose
• mouth

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Step 4 Rescue Breathing

• If the victim is not breathing, give 2 rescue
  breaths
• Mouth around mouth, pinch nose
• Continue head tilt-chin lift or jaw thrust
• 2 slow breaths (about 2 seconds each)
• Make sure chest is rising during breaths (watch)
• Use barrier device if it is available

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Step 4 Rescue Breathing
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Step 5 Assess for signs of
circulation

• After 2 rescue breaths, check for signs of
  circulation
• Breathing
• Coughing
• Moving

• Dont look for more than 10 seconds

• If not confident of circulation, start chest
• compressions

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Step 6 Begin Chest Compressions

• Chest compressions
• Heel of one hand on breastbone between nipples,
  heel of other hand on top of first hand
• Shoulders over hands, elbows straight, look down
  at hands
• About 5 compressions every 3 seconds (15 in 10
  seconds)
• Chest should compress about 1 ½ to 2 inches
• Allow chest to expand to normal between
  compressions

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Step 6 Chest Compressions

• Chest compressions

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Step 7 Pump Blow Cycle

• 15 compressions 2 rescue breaths
• When performing compressions, you can count to
  yourself or out loud to keep track.
• Use a cadence like A one, and a two, and a
  three, and a four, and a five, etc. until you get
  to 15
• A full cycle of 15 compressions 2 rescue
  breaths should take about 15 seconds to complete

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Step 8 Reassess the Victim

• After about 1 minute of the pump blow cycle,
  check again for circulation. Check again every
  few minutes after that
• If circulation returns, stop compressions and
  continue rescue breathing as needed

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Recovery Position

• Once victim has circulation is breathing you
  may move them into recovery position.
• HOWEVER!!
• DO NOT move victim if there are signs of trauma
  (injury)
• If there are signs of trauma, leave them on their
  back help keep the airway open as needed.

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Recovery Position

• Recovery position is designed to make it easier
  for them to breathe on their own without their
  tongue blocking the airway

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Barrier Devices Masks

• Mouth-to-mouth is very safe
• About 70 of CPR is performed in the home for
  loved ones or friends

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Barrier Devices Masks

• Face Shields
• Easy to carry use

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Barrier Devices Masks

• Face Masks
• Bulkier more expensive than face shields
• 1 way valve