Geomagnetic Activities in Pakistan From 2006 to Date

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Geomagnetic Activities in Pakistan (From 2006 -
to Date)
Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research
Commission

• By
• Madeeha A, G Murtaza, J L Rasson and A Khan
• IAGA Workshop
• 9 18 June, 2008

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Contents

• Geographical Status of Pakistan
• Geomagnetic Activities of SUPARCO
• Upgradation of Karachi Observatory
• Establishment of Islamabad Observatory
• Restoration of Quetta Observatory
• Future Plans
• Commercial Aspects
• Collaboration/Training

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Geographical Status of Pakistan

• Location Southern Asia (23-40o N, 60-80o E)
• Area total 803,940 sq km land 778,720
  sq km water 25,220 sq km
  
• Coastline 1,046 km
• Land boundaries total 6,774 km Border
  countries Afghanistan 2,430 km,
  
• China 523 km, India 2,912 km, Iran 909 km
• Elevation extremes Lowest point Arabian
  Sea 0 m Highest point K2 8,611 m
  
• Terrain Three major geographic areas
• Northern highlands (Himalaya, Korakoram Hindu
  Kush)
  
• Indus river plain (rolling sand dunes of Thar
  Desert, Fertile Tharparkar desert Fertile
  plains)
  
• Baluchistan plateau (dry hilly deserts)

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Geomagnetic Activities of SUPARCO

• Operate two geomagnetic observatories
• Issue geomagnetic storms warning
• Prepare geomagnetic monthly bulletin
• Research activities

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Geographic Locations of Observatories in Pakistan
CHINA
IRAN
Latitude 33o 27 0.3 Longitude 73o 04 53
Latitude 30o 21 36 Longitude 67o 01 12
Islamabad
AFGHANISTAN
Quetta
INDIA
Karachi
Latitude 24o 56 51.4 Longitude 67o 08 15.9
ARABIAN SEA
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Up-Gradation of Karachi Observatory
Automatic Magnetic Observatory System (AMOS-III)
AMOS-III

• Installed in 1983 at Karachi
• Fluxgate Magnetometer Resolution 1nT
• Range 70,000?
• PPM Resolution 0.1nT
• Accuracy 0.4nT
• Range 1200nT

EDA Fluxgate Magnetometer type 105B
Fluxgate Magnetometer Electronics

• Installed in Nov 2007 at Karachi
• Fluxgate Magnetometer Resolution 0.25nT
• Range 1600nT

Triaxial Fluxgate Sensor Head
(Cont.)
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EDA2Gdas System Software
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Absolute Measurements
Resolution of Fluxgate Magnetometer is 0.1nT
Scale is in grad
Resolution of Fluxgate Magnetometer is 0.1nT
Scale is in dms
MinGeo Declination/Inclination Theodolite, ZEISS
THEO 010
Tavistock Theodolite Type-II
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Baseline Calculation
Software calculated baselines of H, D Z
components
Manually calculated baselines of H, D Z
components
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INTERMAGNET
Regularly upload data to INTERMAGNET, Karachi
observatory data available from Nov 9, 2007 - to
date
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Establishment of Islamabad Observatory
Absolute measurement from T010 theodolite
Installation of dIdD magnetometer
(Cont.)
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dIdD Output
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Restoration of Quetta Observatory
Quetta Observatory was established in 1934
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Future Plans
(Cont.)

• Shifting of geomagnetic observatory from Karachi
  to Sonmiani
  
• Repeat station work
• Magnetic Mapping
• Geomagnetic studies

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(Cont.)
Future Plans

• Shifting of Geomagnetic observatory from
  Karachi to Sonmiani

• Approx 85km north of Karachi
• Geographic Coordinates
• Latitude 24o 06' 48"
• Longitude 66o 27' 0.2"
• Magnetically Clean Environment
• Calculated declination is
• 00o 04' 42"

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(Cont.)
Future Plans

• Repeat Station Work (with the collaboration of
  IRM, Belgium)

Multan Latitude 30o 11' 06" Longi
tude 71o 26' 24 Situated near Chenab River

Fertile Plain
Skardu
Islamabad
Quetta
Multan
Skardu Latitude 35o 20' 16" Longi
tude 75o 32' 24" Situated on Northern Side
Mountainous plain
Karachi
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Future Plans

• Magnetic Mapping

• Magnetic Survey of Pakistan
• Use of local data (if any)
• Contribute in the Global Magnetic Models

• Geomagnetic Studies

• Study of Magnetosphere- Ionosphere coupling
• Study of Pre Post Earthquake effects on
  Geomagnetic Field
  
• Effects of magnetic storms on communication

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Commercial Aspects

• Provide services to aviation
• Magnetic Storms alerts to HF data users
• Provide services to oil/minerals exploration
  companies
  

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Collaboration / Training

• Seek collaborative work/studies
• Field survey training related to aviation work
• Suggestions/ideas for revenue generation

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