English 114:Basic Principles of Reading and Writing

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English 114Basic Principles of Reading and
Writing

• Prof. Mercedes Torres Almodóvar
• Lesson 2

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General Introduction to the Writing Process

• Prewriting

First Draft
Editing and Proofreading
Revising
Sharing/ Publishing
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Basic Steps in the Writing Process

• Prewriting - helps you to focus, select and shape
  a subject to write about.

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Prewriting Strategies

• Journal Writing A daily record of thoughts,
  impressions, and autobiographical information.

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Prewriting Strategies

• Free Writing Writing openly and freely on any
  topic focused free writing is writing openly on
  a specific topic.
• 1. Choose a topic you want to write about.
• 2. Write quickly for about five or ten minutes.
  Dont worry about spelling or grammar. If you
  dont know a word in English write it in Spanish.
  
• 3. If you cant think of anything write the
  same thing over again.
• 4. When you finish circle the ideas you want to
  use.

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Prewriting Strategies

• Clustering it is a way to help you see your
  ideas on paper. It helps you to see connections
  between main ideas and supporting details.
• 1. Write your topic in the middle of your
  paper. Circle it.
• 2. Write down each idea you have about the
  topic in a smaller circle. Draw a line from the
  smaller circles to the big circle in the center.
• 3. Now think about ideas in the smaller
  circles.

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Prewriting Strategies
Computers
Home
University
Read e-mails
Search for information
Assignments
Play games
Chat
Practice English skills
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Clustering Practice
Importance of Studying
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Prewriting Strategies

• Listing Begin with an idea and simply start
  listing words as they come to your mind.
• Five Ws Answer the Who? What? Where? When? and
  Why? (You can add How? to the list.)
• Directed free writing it is a variation of free
  writing with a particular focus in mind.

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Prewriting Strategies

• Venn Diagram making a Venn diagram will help you
  compare and contrast.
• 1. Draw two big overlapping circles.
• 2. In the center list ways in which the two
  things you are comparing overlap.
• 3. In the two outer, list the way they are
  different

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Prewriting Strategies
Studying in Private School
Studying in Public School
Similarities
Differences
Differences
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Bio-poem writing a bio-poem forces you to select
precise language to fit the form. Line 1. First
name _____________________ Line 2. Four traits
that describe your character ____,______, ______,
and _______. Line 3. Relative (brother, sister,
son) of _____________ Line 4. Lover of
___________, _______, and ________ (list
three things or people) Line 5. Who feels
__________, ________, and _______. Line 6. Who
needs ________, _______, and _______. Line
7. Who fears ______,________, and
___________. Line 8. Who gives ________,
_________, and ______. Line 9. Who would like
to see ______, ______, and ___. Line
10. Resident of _____________________________.
Line 11. Last name ______________________________.

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Basic Steps in the Writing Process

• Writing the first draft helps you to connect
  all of your thoughts about your subject.

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Basic Steps in the Writing Process

• Revising helps you make changes in your writing
  until it says what you want it to say.

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Revising

• Read your paragraph carefully and look for
  specific kinds of errors
• A. Basic sentence components
  
• Missing or repeated subject
• Missing verb
• Missing or repeated object/complement
• B. Verbs
• Wrong verb tense
• Wrong verb form

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Revising

• C. Agreement
• No subject verb agreement
• D. Sentence Boundaries
• Fragments
• Unity (all sentences are related to the topic)
• Coherence (all sentences follow a logical order)

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Revising

• E. Spelling
• Incorrect spelling
• Spanish words
• F. Paragraph Structure
• Topic sentence, supporting sentences,
  transitions, and concluding sentence

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Basic Steps in the Writing Process

• Editing and Proofreading helps you check your
  revised writing for correctness and prepare if
  for publication.

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Basic Steps in the Writing Process

• Sharing/Publishing- it is your contribution as a
  writer to share with other classmates or to
  publish your work in any newspaper or other
  publication.

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References

• Donald, R.B. et al. (1978). Writing Clear
  Paragraphs. New Jersey Prentice-Hall Inc.
• Ellis, J. et al. (1998). Write On A
  Grammar- Composition Workbook. Puerto Rico
  Editorial Plaza Mayor
• Sebranek, P., Verne, M. Kemper, D. (1997).
  Write for College. Mass. Houghton Mifflin
  Company