Managing the Media Shaping the Supply of Experts

1
Managing the MediaShaping the Supply of Experts

• Government and Business Credibility
• Creating Experts
• US Supreme Court Justice Powell once wrote a memo
  to the US Chamber of Commerce urging American
  business
• to buy the top academic reputations in the
  country to add credibility to corporate studies
  and give business a stronger voice

2
(No Transcript)
3
Think Tanks

• http//www.sourcewatch.org/wiki.phtml?titleThink_
  tanks
• Powell's agenda included getting wealthy
  conservatives to set up professorships, setting
  up institutes on and off campus where
  intellectuals would write books from a
  conservative business perspective, and setting up
  think tanks.

4
Think Tank Watch
5
Centrist Think Tanks Rand Corporation
6
Liberal Think Tanks Urban Institute
7
Conservative Thinktank American Enterprise
Institute
8
Conservative Think Tanks Project for the New
American Century
9
Project for the New American Century
Paul Wolfowitz, Deputy Secretary of Defense

• BBC-4 Government Think Tanks and PNAC
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vt_ZycmeQ4Bc
• Hijacking Catastrophe http//video.google.com/vid
  eoplay?docid3320922145165829917
• PNAC part one http//www.youtube.com/watch?voSPq
  to796Lc

Ellen Bork, Executive Director, Project for the
New American Century
10
Project for the New American Century and the Bush
Administration
Vice-President Dick Cheney
Vice-President Chief of Staff Scooter Libby
Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz
Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld
11
Military Industrial Complex

• Eisenhowers Warning
• http//video.google.com/videosearch?ndsp18um1h
  lensafeoffrlz1B3GPCK_enHK309HK310qeisenhowe
  rieUTF-8saNtabiv

12
Military Industrial Complex

• BBC Documentary Military Industrial Complex
  http//belowgroundsurface.smartvideochannel.com/me
  dia/PlayVideo.aspx?cidC03CB7962EE046FFA64DC5735C5
  908D5

13
Military Industrial Complex
14
Conservative Think Tanks Project for the New
American Centurys China Policy
15
Think Tank Targets China for regime change
16
The Hong Kong Connection
17
Ellen Bork
18
I saw the Iraqi soldiers come into the hospital
with guns, and go into the room where 15 babies
were in incubators and left the babies on the
cold floor to die. 15 year-old Nayireh
19
The Real Impact 635,000 Iraqi Children Die
20
Why Study Media Ownership?

• Who controls the message?
• Who are the gatekeepers? The publisher? The
  editor? The producer?
• What are the conditions under which reporters do
  their job? What are the constraints?
• Are reporters free to write about important
  issues? (and exercise their conscience?)

21
U.S. Media Ownership

• Top 10 chains own 1/5 of the dailies
• 20 corporations control more than half of annual
  magazine revenue
• ONE broadcast company own more than 500 radio
  stations
• More than half of the TV stations are network
  affiliates
• The top six book publishing companies account for
  40 of total annual publishing revenue
• 98 of cities are one-paper towns 24 media
  giants own over half the television, newspaper,
  magazine, movies and radio in the US.
• Most of the remaining independently owned
  stations and news outlets are dependent on the
  media giants for all but purely local news
  coverage.

22
(No Transcript)
23
Media Ownership

• 19th Century Press Industrialization
• 1837 start up cost under 1,000 pounds
• 1867 start up cost over 50,000 pound

24
ConsolidatingOwnership Control

• Increasing size of media and its profitability
  makes companies takeover targets.
• Increases pressure on management to look to the
  bottom line and reduces autonomy from banks and
  lenders

25
Concentration of Media Ownership
26
Media Ownership and Conflict of Interest

• Large corporation ownership of major media raises
  possible conflict of interest.
• ITT and ABC in the 1960s
• General Electric, RCA and NBC

27
General Electric Annual Revenue US 129 billion

• NBC Television (1 of 4 networks)
• CNBC, MSNBC, AE
• History Biography Channels
• 13 Television Stations
• 14 Communications Satellites

28
General Electric

• Aircraft Engines
• Weapons Systems
• Consumer Electronics
• Missile Guidance Systems
• Nuclear Reactors

29
Checkbook Censorship

• Award-winning WNET Documentary Hungry for
  Profit
• Gulf Western Oil program was virulently
  anti-business if not anti-American and that
  WNETs airing of the program was not the
  behaviour of a friend of the corporation.

30
The Hong Kong Scene

• 14 daily Chinese language newspapers
• Two English language dailies
• Three radio companies (10 channels)
• Four free-to-air terrestrial channels, TVB the
  market leader ATV the distant second
• HK cable (HK cable )
• Satellite TV Star, Phoenix
• Web TV NOW
• Internet publications

31
(No Transcript)
32
(No Transcript)
33
Internationals

• AOL/Time Warner CNN
• News Corp/Star TV and Phoenix
• CNBC
• Bloomberg News

34
Internationals

• Dow Jones AWSJ, Dow Jones Wire, Far Eastern
  Economic Review
• International Herald Tribune
• Financial Times
• Reuters

35
Who owns the SCMP ?

• South China Morning Post (Holdings)
• Malaysian tycoon
• ranked 111 on Forbes 2004 list
• net worth of US4.2 billion
• business empire in more than a dozen Asian
  countries - hotels, shipping. real estate, media,
  plantations, commodities and more.
• Owns major shares of the Bangkok Post and the
  Siam Post in Thailand

36
The Man Behind Ming Pao

• Tiong Hiew King, 68, timber baron
• Ranked 552 on Forbes 2004 list
• Net worth US1 billion
• Owns extensive forest in Malaysia, Papua New
  Guinea, Siberia, Brazil, Central Africa and New
  Zealand.

37
The Man Behind Ming Pao

• Sin Chew Jit Poh, the largest-circulating Chinese
  newspaper in Malaysia
• 45 interest in Ming Pao Group of 10
  publications
• Launched The National in Papua New Guinea and a
  Chinese newspaper in Cambodia.

38
Who Owns Sing Tao ?

• Charles Ho, China Global Technology Group
• Sing Tao Daily - Hong Kong, United States (NYC,
  SF, LA, Chicago,) Canada ( Vancouver, Toronto)
  Australia, New Zealand
• HK Standard
• Eastweek

39
Trends in Media Concentration

• Concentration of ownership within one industry
• Cross-media ownership - owning more than one type
  of medium
• Conglomerate ownership - owning businesses other
  than the media
• Vertical integration - controlling several
  aspects of a single media industry (e.g.
  production and distribution)

40
Media Mega-trends One

• Emergence of Conglomerate Ownership

41
Conglomerate Ownership

• The Kerry Group SCMP
• The Ming Pao Group
• Global China Technology Group Sing Tao, The
  Standard
• Hutchinson Metro City Radio HK Cable TV
• Tom Group Yazhou Zhoukan

42
Mega-trends Two

• Non-media international and
• regional conglomerates
• emerging as major players

43
An Emerging Media Player

• Li Ka-Shing, Net worth US12.4 billion
• market cap of flagship
• company US80 billion
• 19th richest person in the world
• Tom Group Metro Radio, HK Cable TV, Yazhou
  Zhoukan, CETV
• Through Tom Group Lifeweek magazine, Computer
  mag in China

44
Liu Changle and Phoenix TV

• Chairman, CEO Phoenix TV, founded 1996.
  Shanghai-born, made trading oil products,
  investments in property, infrastructure in China.
• Chinese CNN? 45 million viewers worldwide, 42
  million on mainland 500,000 HK 300,000 Taiwan,
  rest elsewhere in Asia
• Partnership Murdoch/Star TV
• 2002, bought large stake in ATV, later that year,
  it won right to officially air on mainland.

45
Next Media Jimmy Lai

• Made fortune in Giordano clothing chain
• Started Next Media in 1990, focus on printing,
  publishing Internet content creation,
  advertising.
• Properties include Next magazine (1990), Apple
  Daily in HK (1995) Taiwan Next (2001), Taiwan
  Apple Daily (2003). Also websites on horse
  racing, soccer, photo archives, fortune telling