History and significant legislation

1
History and significant legislation

• 1917 Smith Hughes Act estab federal vocational
  education for dislocated industrial workers
  (during WWI)
• 1918 Soldier Rehabilitation Act for WWI vets
• 1920- Smith Fess vocational rehabilitation act
  for civilians with physical disabilities
• 1921 Veterans Bureau is estab is US govt.

2
History and significant legislation-2

• 1921 FDR contracts polio
• 1932 FDR is elected president
• 1935 League of Physically Handicapped is
  organized
• 1935 Social Security Act is passed establ
  state-federal VR program as permanent (did not
  establish appropriation)

3
History and significant legislation-3

• 1943 Barden LaFollette Act extends VR to indiv
  with mental retardation / mental illness
  provides fed-state support for people with
  blindness.
• 1950 parent groups (Elizabeth Boggs) and others
  (Gunnar Dybwad) organize advocacy groups to
  improve services for people with DD.

4
History and significant legislation-4

• 1954 Voc Rehab Act Amendments
• funding for colleges and universities for prep of
  rehab professionals
• expanded services to person with MR and MI
• 1955 Jonas Salk develops first successful polio
  vaccine
• 1956 Social Security disability enacted for
  people over 50
• 1960 Social Security Disability expanded for
  people under 50

5
History and significant legislation-5

• 1961 William Stokoes paper on Sign Language
  Structure legitimized American Sign Language and
  ushers in the movement of Deafness as Culture.
• 1962 Ed Roberts sues to gain admission to the
  University of California, same semester that
  James Meredith requires a lawsuit to become the
  first black person to attend the University of
  Mississippi.

6
History and significant legislation-6

• 1964 Civil Rights Act becomes law
• 1965 Vocational Rehab amendments estab
  commission on architectural barriers deleted
  economic need as requirement for services
• 1968 amendments increased federal share to 80
• 1968 - Judy Heumann organizes Disabled In Action
  (DIA) in New York City

7
History and significant legislation-7

• 1968- Mills v. Board of Education in DC decides
  that every school age child is entitled to a free
  public education regardless of the severity of
  the disability.

8
History and significant legislation-8

• 1972 appalling conditions at Willowbrook State
  School in NYC exposed on TV
• demonstrations held in Wash DC by disability
  activists to protest Pres. Nixons veto of what
  will become the Rehab Act of 1973.
• SSI program is created.
• first Center for Ind.Living estab in Berkeley.

9
History and significant legislation-9

• 1973 Rehabilitation Act introduced the
  Individualized Plan (IWRP)
• Established priority of services to persons with
  severe disabilities
• authd demon projects for 6 centers of Independent
  Living
• 501-504 civil rights provisions prohibited
  discrimination against and to provide access to
  person with disabilities in federally funded
  programs (and contractors).

10
History and significant legislation10

• 1974 First convention of People First largest
  US org of and led by people with dev.
  Disabilities is held in Salem Oregon.
• 1974 amendments strengthened Randolph-Sheppard
  Act authd White House Conference on
  Handicapped Individuals.

11
History and significant legislation11

• 1975 IDEA (94-142) is passed.
• - Ed Roberts becomes director of the California
  Department of Rehabilitation
• 1977 following nationwide demonstrations by
  disability activists, HEW secretary Joseph
  Califano signs Section 504 regulations from the
  1973 Rehab Act AND the Indiv the Dis Education
  Act passed in 1975.

12
History and significant legislation12

• 1978 amendments Estab IL services as part of
  fed-state VR program
• VR services for Am Indians tribes living on
  federal and state reservations
• establ Natl Institute for Handicapped Research
  (later renamed NIDRR)Establ Rehab Research and
  Training Centers (RRTC),

13
History and significant legislation13

• 1979 National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI)
  is founded in Madison, Wisconsin.
• 1981 International Year of Disable Persons
  (IYD) is designated by the United Nations.
• 1986 - Rehab Services must be delivered by
  qualified personnel added supported employment
  as a goal and provided funding for SE

14
History and significant legislation14

• 1988 Gallaudet University uprising results in
  the first deaf president of the University, I.
  King Jordan
• 1990 President George Bush signs the Americans
  with Disabilities Act.

15
History and significant legislation15

• 1992 advanced consumer empowerment by
  increasing client choice of employment
  objectives,
• Estab consumer controlled State Rehab Advisory
  Councils
• Estab presumption of eligibility that individuals
  could benefit from services unless agency could
  demonstrate otherwise

16
History and significant legislatio16

• 1998 Workforce Investment Act included Title
  VI Rehab Act Amendments of 1998.
• Enhanced collaborative relationship between
  consumer and counselor increased consumer
  control so consumers could develop their own
  plans
• Promoted linkages to One-Stop Centers
• Assist in transition planning for students with
  disabilities

17
History and significant legislatio17

• 1999 Supreme Court Olmstead v. LC ruled that
  institutionalization is a form of discrimination
  prohibited by the ADA.
• 1999 - Ticket to Work and Work Incentives
  Improvement Act (TWWIIA) provided options for
  health care benefits for people with disabilities
  who work, and other work incentive programs.