UNITED STATES HISTORY

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UNITED STATES HISTORY 11.6.3 DUST BOWL
SUFFERING DURING THE GREAT DEPRESSION
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SUFFERING DURING THE GREAT DEPRESSION

• Many lives were reduced to a struggle for
  survival, punctuated by homelessness and hunger

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Depression In the Cities

• Many people evicted from their homes- lived on
  streets
• shantytowns- Hoovervilles
• -Towns made of shacks (scrap material)
• soup kitchens
• bread lines
• Wrapped themselves newspaper to keep warm
  Hoover blankets

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Shantytown in Seattle
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Shantytown in Iowa
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Children in a soup line
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Impact on African-American and Latinos

• Suffered higher unemployment rates
• Had the lowest paying jobs
• Rise in racial violence
• Many people of Mexican descent returned to Mexico

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Depression in Rural Areas

• Farmers could grow crops for families
• Many farmers lost their land through bank
  foreclosures
• 400,000 from 1929 to 1932

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Dustbowl

• Causes of Dustbowl
• Drought struck Great Plains during 30s
• 1920s farmers used tractors to break up
  grassland and plant farmlands from Texas to North
  Dakota
• Farmers exhausted the soil through
  overproduction of crops
• 1930s drought and wind broke the topsoil loose
• Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas hardest hit

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Dustbowl

• EFFECTS
• FAMILIES LOADED POSSESIONS IN CARS AND HEADED
  WEST
• OVER ONE MILLION HEADED TO CA. TO LOOK FOR WORK

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Sand dune accumulates
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Drylands of the Earth
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Car stuck in a sand dune
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Sandstorm
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Sand dunes
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Over 1 million people left the Great Plains for
California the west
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EFFECTS ON AMERICAN FAMILY

• Family enabled Americans to endure Great Dep.
• Morality was not undermined as traditional values
  family unity were emphasized.
• New board games- monopoly radio provide
  entertainment
• economic pressures Great Dep. placed severe
  strain on most families.

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A Radio of the 1930s
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Men

• Unemployment affected men most
• Many fathers could not cope with inability to
  support families
• Many became hobos
• Lack of federal or state welfare complicated
  problems for poor
• There was no direct relief -cash payments for
  food provided by the govt. to poor

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A hobo preparing a meal from a killed turtle
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Hobo village in St. Louis
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Hobo gathering in Omaha, Nebraska
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Hobo awakens in Imperial, Ca.
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Women And Children Struggle To Survive

• How women provided for their families
• Better managed household budgets (Jeane Westin)
• Take on jobs at home (canning food, sewing
  clothes, laundry)
• Employment

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• Children suffered during the Depression

• Poor diets (rickets and pellagra)
• Lack of health care
• Schools closed
• Child labor

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Child in Texas suffering from rickets
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Mother suffering from pellagra and child
suffering from rickets
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Dog suffering from rickets
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Social and Psychological Effects

• Suicides increased 30 1928 to 1932
• Higher incidents of mental insanity
• Personal sacrifices
• Foregoing healthcare
• Delaying marriage
• Not attending college
• Not having children

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• Obsession with attaining financial security
• Saving money
• Avoiding waste