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NITROX PRODUCTION WITHIN A DIVE OPERATION

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Cesare Benelli,Coltri Sub & Glenn Huebner, Nuvair. AEROTECNICA COLTRI ... Also referred to as EAN, EaNX, Enriched air, & Enriched air nitrox ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: NITROX PRODUCTION WITHIN A DIVE OPERATION


1
NITROX PRODUCTION WITHIN A DIVE OPERATION
  • Presented by
  • Cesare Benelli,Coltri Sub Glenn Huebner, Nuvair

2
WHAT IS NITROX?
  • N2O2
  • Also referred to as EAN, EaNX, Enriched air,
    Enriched air nitrox
  • A gas mixture containing nitrogen oxygen with a
    higher of oxygen than normal breathing air
  • OEA - Oxygen enriched air

3
WHY DO RECREATIONAL DIVERS USE NITROX?
  • Less N2 absorption in body tissue.
  • Lessens risk of decompression sickness.
  • Provides longer bottom times.
  • Increases safety margins.
  • Popular with Dive masters instructors.

4
WHEN CAN RECREATIONAL DIVERS USE NITROX?
  • On all recreational dives.
  • Leading training agencies have introduced
    optional nitrox training within entry level
    courses.
  • Leading training agencies have also introduced
    introductory programs to initiate divers to
    nitrox prior qualification

5
WHAT OF REC DIVERS ARE USING NITROX?
  • Exact figures not known, but tens of 1000s of
    divers train each year with Nitrox
  • Many dive resorts liveaboard/charter vessels
    are already providing nitrox

6
TRAINING REQUIRED FOR THE USE OF NITROX
  • Courses are available from all
  • major DSAT agencies
  • Basic Nitrox training allows diving
  • with up to 40 mix
  • Technical Nitrox training is required for mixes
    over 40

7
WHY OFFER NITROX ?
  • To increases potential revenue
  • Provides more diverse diving opportunities for
    clients.
  • Provides additional training opportunities
    revenue
  • Attracts more customers to your dive
    centre / vessel
  • Extra equipment sales

8
ADDITIONAL REASONS TO OFFER NITROX.
  • Reduction of DCS exposure to divers on multi-day
    dive trips
  • Reduces operator, Dive master Instructor
    liability
  • Provides a marketing edge over competitors.
  • Adoption of Nitrox by all major training agencies
  • Emergence of tech diving within the mainstream.

9
WHO ELSE USES NITROX?
  • Recreational dive professionals
  • Public safety divers
  • Scientific divers
  • Commercial divers
  • NASA astronauts

10
HOW IS NITROX DELIVERED TO THE DIVER?
  • Specially marked cylinders
  • Diver must have proof of nitrox certification
  • Diver must analyze gas
  • Diver must sign gas log
  • For Nitrox Experience programs Certified
    DM/Instructors to comply with above procedures.

11
NITROX PRODUCTION OPTIONS
  • PARTIAL PRESSURE BLENDING
  • CONTINUOUS FLOW BLENDING
  • MEMBRANE SYSTEM

12
PARTIAL PRESSURE BLENDING
  • Decant 100 pure O2 to dive cylinder
  • 2. Top off with O2 J grade compatible air
  • Amounts vary according to required mix and
    cylinder contents must be calculated.

13
ADVANTAGES OF PARTIAL PRESSURE BLENDING
  • Lowest start up costs of blending methods.
  • Popular with technical divers

14
DISADVANTAGES OF PARTIAL PRESSURE BLENDING
  • Requires transport and handling of 100 pure high
    pressure O2
  • Requires error free mathematical calculations
  • Requires special filtration expensive
    consumables to reach J grade quality air.
  • Requires trained/certified gas blending
    technician.

15
ADDITIONAL DISADVANTAGES OF P/P BLENDING
  • Mix may not be exact /-
  • P/P blending should be very slow
  • 100 O2 availability
  • Purchase transport costs of
  • 100 O2
  • High levels of liability for operators

16
CONTINUOUS FLOW BLENDING
  • Gas is pre-mixed using O2 breathing air with a
    blending panel
  • 2. Normal high pressure
  • compressor is used to fill cylinder

17
ADVANTAGES OF CONTINUOUS FLOW BLENDING
  • Relatively inexpensive
  • More practical faster than partial pressure
    blending
  • If using an automated blending panel its is an
    easy to use precise method. The panel achieves
    reduction of associated O2 handing risks with the
    use of auto O2 cut - off valves

18
DISADVANTAGES OF CONTINUOUS FLOW BLENDING
  • 100 O2 availability
  • Purchase transport costs of 100 O2
  • High levels of liability for operators

19
MEMBRANE SYSTEM NITROX PRODUCTION
  • Normal Air filtered to Grade E standard pumped
    into membrane _at_ low pressure
  • O2 permeates thru membrane more than N2 . N2 rich
    mix vented, O2 rich mix pumped into high pressure
    compressor
  • Normal high pressure compressor used to
    fill cylinder.
  • N2O2 mix controlled via
    air flow rate into
    membrane.

20
POSSIBLE MEMBRANE SYSTEMS
  • LP compressor - LP filtration - Membrane - HP
    compressor - cylinder

21
POSSIBLE MEMBRANE SYSTEMS
  • Air bank - LP pressure reducer - LP filtration -
    Membrane - HP compressor - Cylinder

22
ADVANTAGES OF A MEMBRANE SYSTEM
  • Simple operation
  • No need to store or mix high-pressure O2
  • Virtually eliminates hazards associated with
    handling 100 O2
  • Highly accurate method of blending

23
ADDITIONAL ADVANTAGES OF MEMBRANE SYSTEMS
  • FAST Fill nitrox tanks at same speed you fill
    with air
  • LOW Maintenance operating costs.
  • SIMPLE Training use.

Note Membrane systems have the lowest levels
of Operator risk exposure when filling Nitrox
cylinders.
24
RELIABILITY OF THE COLTRI /NUVAIR MEMBRANE
  • Systems reliable as a normal air compressor
    systems
  • 20-30 year life span
  • Compressor are covered by 1 year warranty
  • Membrane systems are covered by 5 year warranty.

Note It is Important stated maintenance
procedures are followed
25
DISADVANTAGES OF A MEMBRANE SYSTEM?
  • Higher initial capital investment
  • May require additional electrical power

26
IS A NEW HP COMPRESSOR NEEDED FOR NITROX?
  • Can usually use your existing compressor .
  • A well maintained used compressor may need a
    mild overhaul and internal cleanup if previously
    used with mineral oil.

Any HP Compressor used to compress Nitrox must
be lubricated by a synthetic oil rated for use
with nitrox
27
IS USING NITROX WITH A HP COMPRESSOR SAFE?
  • There are attendant risks with compressing any
    gas
  • Compressing N2O2 containing 40 or less O2 poses
    no more risk than pumping normal breathing air at
    higher pressures

28
WHEN USING MEMBRANE OR CONTINUOUS BLENDING
  • Considerations
  • Slightly more conservative than compressing air
  • Compressor oil
  • Compressor operating temp.
  • Filtration

29
WHAT IF I NEED TO PRODUCE 40 NITROX MIX?
  • Recreational Divers will not use more than 40
    Nitrox
  • The most popular mix currently used within dive
    centers/vessels is 32
  • If a deco mix exceeding 40 is required by tech
    divers a P/P system can be used.

Note Recommended depth limit for recreational
divers is 30m, best suited to a 32 Nitrox mix
30
TRAINING STAFF TO FILL NITROX TANKS
  • Most people can learn to operate a membrane
    nitrox system in less than one hour.

We will be conducting a live demonstration at the
end of this session
31
  • END OF PART ONE
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