... Resources HCENR in Sudan and Stockholm Environment In

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Strategies for Increasing Human Resilience in
Sudan Lessons for Climate Change Adaptation In
the Sahelian Africa
Sudan AIACC-AF14
Dr. Sumaya Ahmed Zaki-Eldeen -Institute of Envi
ronmental Studies Khartoum University -zakield
s_at_yahoo.com
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Sudan AF14 Overview
http//sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/aiacc

• One of the 24 regional studies of AIACC Global
  Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation to Climate
  Change in multiple regions and sectors

• AIACC sponsor by GEF, with collateral funding
  from USAID,CIDA, and the WB And implemented by
  UNEP and executed by START and TWAS

• Partners Higher Council for Environment and
  Natural Resources (HCENR) in Sudan and Stockholm
  Environment Institute Boston Center (SEI-Boston)

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Sudan AF14 Major Objectives

• To prove that certain SL/EM measures increase the
  resilience of communities to climate related
  shocks

• establish that these measures are effective and
  should be considered as climate change adaptation
  options that could be included in the planning of
  national adaptation strategies.

• to explore what enables them to be effective
  i.e. what factors (participatory implementation,
  local governance, macro-economic policies, etc.)
  made it possible for the measures to be successful

• Enhance and expand regional collaboration in the
  areas of EM, disaster mitigation and climate
  change adaptation

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AF14 case studies

• Three case studies of successful SL projects in
  drought-prone communities

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Community-Based Rangeland Rehabilitation
(CBRR) Project
Villages in the drought-prone Bara Province
(Gireigikh ), North Kordofan, Western Sudan
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Two main development objectives

• Create locally sustainable NRM system to
  rehabilitate overexploited lands.

• Reduce the risk of production failure by
  increasing the number of livelihood alternatives
  leading to greater local stability

- Carbon Sequestration
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Major intervention of CBRRP
The villages undertook a package of SL measures.
These included

• Institution Building

• Training and capacity building

• Community Development
• Water development, Rural energy management,
• Introduction of revolving credit,
• Drought contingency planning

• Rangeland Rehabilitation
• Replanting, Stabilization of sand dunes,
• Creation of windbreaks,
• Livestock restocking and management

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Methods for assessing adaptive capacity,
adaptation options and uncertainties

• Sustainable Livelihoods Framework and its concept
  of the five capitals (Natural, human, financial,
  physical and social) has been used.

• These capitals were assessed based on three main
  dimensions productivity, equity and
  sustainability. Risk dimension was also considered

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Cont.

• A number of indicators have been identified with
  the community for three dimensions for the five
  capitals
  
• An assessment sheet was used to compare the
  situation before and after the intervention of
  the CBRRP
  
• Word picture

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Results ProductivityNatural capital
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Financial Capital
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Human Capital
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Physical Capital
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Social Capital
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Sustainability Natural Capital
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Financial Capital
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Human Capital
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Physical Capital
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Social Capital
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Equity

• Chances of marginalized groups (women, poor,
  kawahla tribe) increased significantly
  particularly with regard to
  
• access to grazing land
• access to credit
• access to social services
• access to training
• participation in decision-making.

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Overall change in the resilience of the five
capitals
70
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Factors that are most responsible for
uncertainties (risk) about adaptive capacity and
the effectiveness of adaptation options

• Government policies
• lack of finance
• Migration of trained people
• Immigration (settlement of other tribes)
• Conflict over resources

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Conclusions

• Adaptations to current climate risks are
  generally consistent with adapting to future
  climate change

• Adaptive capacity can improve where people have
  better access to resource, market, technology,
  information, social service, high level of
  awareness, skills, security , strong institutions
  and effective organizations

• Immediate actions on AC building and enhancement
  of current coping capacity are necessary to
  reduce vulnerability to current climate-related
  risks and climate change.

• National policy processes and SD planning need
  to integrate AC building and adaptation
  strategies at the community level
  

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Thank You