How did the Framers create the Constitution

1
How did the Framers create the Constitution?

• Constitutional Framework

2
A quick review of VA Plan NJ Plan

• Virginia Plan
• Added Executive Judicial branches
• Bi-cameral legislature (Congress)
• Population and/or money contributed

• New Jersey Plan
• Also Executive Judiciary
• Executive of more than one person
• Unicameral legislature
• Each state represented equally

3
Great Compromise (a.k.a.Connecticut Compromise)

• House of Reps Elected by people using
  proportional representation
• Given the power to develop all bills for taxing
  spending by the govt.

• Senate
• Legislature of each state would select 2 senators
  (not directly elected by the people)
• Equal representation
• Could only accept or reject spending bills, but
  couldnt change them

4
Powers given to Congress

• Enumerated powers specifically listed
• To cut down on confusion about what they could
  could not do

• Article I, Sec. 8
• Lay collect taxes
• Pay debts provide for the common defense
• Regulate commerce w/ nations among states
• Declare war
• Raise an army navy
• Coin money
• Impeach officials in Exec. Jud. branches

5
Powers given to Congress

• Gave Congress power to
• provide for the general welfare
• Make laws that are necessary proper
• What do these mean? Does it give Congress too
  much power?

6
Powers of National Government over the states

• Gave authority to act directly on the people
• Specific Powers
• Supremacy Clause Constitution all laws made
  by Congress are supreme law of the land
• Congress can create new states

• Organize a militia of the states
• Guarantee each state a republican form of govt.
• Protect states from invasion

7
Limits on the National Government

• Banning slavery before 1808
• Suspending writs of habeas corpus, except in
  emergencies
• Cant pass ex post facto laws
• Cant pass bills of attainder

• Take money from the treasury without a law
• Grant titles of nobility
• Cant force officials to hold a particular
  religious belief

8
Limits on state governments

• Create own money
• Passing laws that let people violate contracts
• Making ex post facto laws or bills of attainder
• Declaring war

• Making treaties with other nations
• Granting titles of nobility
• Discriminating against citizens of other states
• Refusing to return fugitives from justice to the
  states from which they fled