Effects of the Industrial Revolution

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Effects of the Industrial Revolution

• While football was developing in Public Schools
  mob football in Britain was dealt its biggest
  blow in the form of the Industrial Revolution.
• This was a period where machinery was invented
  and developed in Britain, which resulted in the
  emergence of many factories in the towns and
  cities.
• Workers from the villages and towns moved to the
  cities to work in the factories, which directly
  resulted in the decline of mob football in the
  rural community.
• Towns and cities developed and banned mob
  football in the streets, limiting the
  opportunities to play.
• But improved transport helped the development of
  the new football.

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Rationalisation

• Ex Public Schoolboys and Oxbridge Blues spread
  the Cult of Athleticism around the country and
  even to other parts of the world.
• In 1863 a group met to decide on a universal set
  of rules and they decided to call themselves the
  Football Association.(Soccer)
• Handling and hacking was banned, in preference of
  the kicking game (association football) , which
  resulted in the Rugby football teams breaking
  away and forming their own codification (rugby
  football).
• These rules were gradually adopted although for a
  long time rules and numbers of players were
  agreed at the start of games

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Association Football

• In the late 1800s the number of football teams
  increased and the level of support increased in
  Britain. Factory Act 1867 introduced Saturday
  half day.Teams from Factories, Pubs etc developed
  and the working class could play or be
  spectators.
• Permanent grounds, transport and publicity
  increased the popularity of the game.
• With money coming from supporters, clubs were
  able to pay players to play, which gradually
  changed the face of football from an amateur to
  professional game, against the wishes of the FA.

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• The F A cup began in 1871
• England played Scotland 1872 (the passing game
  developed)
• Northern team Blackburn beat Old Etonians in FA
  Cup 1883
• Professionalism was sanctioned in 1885
• 12 teams formed the first League in 1888

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MOB GAMES
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
CHARTERHOUSE
ETON
RUGBY
MELTING POT
CAMBRIDGE RULES
FA FORMED 1863 SPLIT BETWEEN HACKERS AND DRIBBLERS
SOCCER/ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL
GENTLEMEN AMATEURS
WORKING CLASS PROFESSIONALS
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LAWN TENNIS

• Popularised by Army Major Walter Clompton
• Whigfield in 1874.
• It was originally sold in a box and called
  Sphairistike
• Lawn Tennis was bought by the fashionable upper
  and
• middle classes.
• In 1877 the All England Croquet Club introduced
  lawn
• tennis at Wimbledon.

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Development of Lawn Tennis
Middle/Lower classes had to look for own
alternative
Lower middle class also frequented private courts
LAWN TENNIS
Ideal for middle/upper class gardens
Lower classes were excluded from clubs and had
to wait until public provision
Tennis Clubs formed allowing social gatherings
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Development of Lawn Tennis
Tennis could be played as a game for both men and
women or both.
Helped remove stereotypes
Did not require special dress
WOMENS TENNIS
Privacy of upper class gardens with high walls
meant it could be played amongst friends
Women could take part but Not be to physically
active And were not expected to be good
Tennis enabled social gatherings