Major Biotechnology R

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Major Biotechnology RD Institutions and their
Programmes

• Ts. OYUNSUREN Ph.D
• Center for Biotechnology, Institute of
  Biology, MAS, NFP of BINASIA

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What is Biotechnology ?

• Biotechnology is the "science and technology of
  harnessing the natural and biological
  capabilities of plants, animals, and microbes for
  the benefit of people".
• Biotechnology is the application of biological
  knowledge, techniques and use of living organisms
  to make a product or run a process.
• Generally, biotechnology can be divided into
  the traditional and the new, or modern
  biotechnologies

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Traditional Biotechnology

• The use of biological processes or organisms for
  the production of materials and services of
  benefit to humankind.
• Many of techniques used in traditional
  biotechnology are not new in Mongolia.
  Traditional biotechnology had been used for long
  time in nomads life for processing of dairy
  products such as making of airakh ( fermented
  horse milk), kefir, cheese and other milk
  products, for preparation of leather items, for
  improving of livestock breeds etc.
• Traditional biotechnology techniques are still
  used widely in nomads life.

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Modern Biotechnology

• The scientific manipulation of living
  organisms, especially at the molecular genetics
  level, to produce new products, such as hormones,
  vaccines, monoclonal antibodies and others
• Genetic engineering Genomics
• Cell and tissue culture Proteomics
• Cloning
  Bioinformatics
• Bio-nanotechnology

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Biotechnology Policy Documents

• The research and development of modern
  biotechnology have started since 1986
• 1986 -the Biotechnology was declared by the
  Mongolian Government as one of the main priority
  areas of science and technology for the National
  Economy Development
• 1989-Complex Program of Science and Technology
  Towards the Year 2005 had emphasized the
  necessity to promote research and development on
  bioproducts
• 1991- National Program on Biotechnology for
  1991-1995 was elaborated by the Ministry of
  Science and Education , but due to social
  economical changes faced to the country was not
  considered by the Government

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Biotechnology Policy Documents-2

• 1998 National Program on Biotechnology
  /Biotechnology Sub-Program/ was adopted by the
  Government
• 2002 - National Program of Science and
  Technology Development towards the Year 2010 has
  special section for Biotechnology
• 2002- Signed the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
• Law on Biosafety ? /2005/
• National Biotechnology Strategy ? /2005/

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Strategic objectives of National Biotechnology
Programmes

• To establish capacity building for the
  development of biotechnology
• To promote and coordinate RD activities in
  Biotechnology that are focused towards meeting
  national RD objectives
• To develop and improve RD capability

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Strategic Directions underlying the National
Biotechnology Programme

• Research Development
• Human Resource Development
• Management of Biotechnology
• International Collaboration
• Effective National Policy

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• The Biotechnology research and development
  is being conducted mainly by following
  institutions
• Mongolian Academy of Sciences
• - Center for Biotechnology and
• - Division of Microbiology at the Institute
  of Biology
• - Institute Chemistry and Chemical Technology

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• 2. Ministry of Health
• - Center for Biotechnology, Institute of
  Public
• Health
• 3. Ministry of Food and Agriculture
• - Institute of Animal Husbandry
• - Institute of Veterinary
• - Food Institute

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Research and Production companies

• Monenzyme Research and Production Co.
• Biokombinat
• Shim Co.
• Tsagaan Zalaat Co.
• Shine Ekhlel Co.

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Profile of Institutes
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Biotechnology Productions

• Biotechnology Education, Research and Production
  Center, Public Health Institute produces
• specific immunoglobulins, gastoglobulin,
  albumin, protein, complex of aminoacids
• 2. Biokombinat Co. produces
• diagnostics for animal Brucellosis
  (Rose Bengal antigen, Complement fixation test
  antigen , Milk ring test antigen, Agglutination
  test antigen, Positive serum, Negative serum,
  Brucellin), for Tuberculosis (Bovine Tuberculin,
  .Avion Tuberculin), for Salmonellosis , for
  Fowl typhoid, for Anthrax (Ascoli precipitin test
  antigen, Positive serum), for Enzootic abortion
  of ewes and Serums ( Serum antisalmonellosis,
  Serum antipasteurellosis, Serum anthrax, Serum
  antienterotoxaemia, Serum anti colibacteriosis,
  Serum anti enterobacteriosis).

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• 3. Monenzyme Science and Production Co.Ltd.
  produces 30 kinds of products. The main products
  include proteolytic enzymes from pancreas, bile
  powder, peptone, casein, dried mares milk, mare
  milk based cosmetics, dried yogurt, mares milk
  oil, mumie powder and liquorices root powder. At
  present Monenzyme R. P. Co. Ltd. is
  establishing small unit for production of rapid
  and ELISA diagnostics of infectious and socially
  related diseases.
• 4. SHIM Research and Production Co. produces
  nitrogen fertilizer based on Azotobacter

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Achievements

• Plant Tissue Culture
• -Virus free potato planlets using meristem
  culture, virus diagnosis and micropropagation
  techniques have been obtained and transfered to
  farms of the Darkhan Agriculture Research
  Institute.
• -Micropropogation of some endemic and medicinal
  plants

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Embryo transfer

• To increase number of elite groups of goats with
  high quality of cashmere
• To increase the milk production of dairy cows

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Vaccines

• Serum-derived vaccine for HBV
• Genetically modified strain of Saccharomyces
  cerevisiae , which expresses HBsAg
• Vaccine against brucellosis and salmonellas

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Biofertilizers

• Nitrogen fertilizer based on Azotobacter crococcus

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Diagnostics

• HCV
• HBV
• AFP
• Ku fiver
• Ovine sarcocistosis
• Oestrosis

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Cosmetics

• Green algae
• Horse milk

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Food additives

• Yeast derived protein additives
• Vitamins, aminoacids

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Biotechnology Education

• 6 universities and institutes have biotechnology
  teaching activities
• Graduate
• Postgraduate courses
• Study in foreign countries /by 2003 about 30
  students/
• Graduate
• Postgraduate
• Training
• Post-doctoral fellowship

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Constrains

• Biotechnology capacity building is weak
• Lack of funds
• Teaching, research and skills facilities do not
  meet international standards
• Lack of Biotechnology Industry
• Best practices from other countries are not
  utilized fully

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Needs

• - to develop economic and political
  integrations
• - to arise all attentions from policy makers,
  scientific, public and international communities
  
• - to build and strengthen biotechnology
  capacity
• - to transfer a new technology
• - to establish and develop biotechnology
  industry
• - to improve and expand International
  collaborations

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Thank you!