Upper Digestive Tract

1
Upper Digestive Tract

• ??.??.????? ?????????
• ??????????????

2
Upper Digestive Tract

• ??????? oral cavity ????? suspensory ligament of
  duodenum
• Oral Cavity
• Teeth
• Tongue
• Salivary glands
• Pharynx
• Esophagus
• Stomach

3

• Oral Cavity
• Oral vestibule ??????????? ??????????????? ???
  ????????????
• Oral cavity proper ??????????? ????? ??? ????
• Hard palate
• Palatine processes of maxillae
• Horizontal plates of palatine bones
• Incisive fossa ???????? central incisor ??
  nasopalatine nerve ???????
• Greater palatine foramen ??????????????????
  palate Greater palatine nerve ??????????? second
  ??? third molar ?????????????????????????????
  canine teeth

4
???????Teeth

• Incisor ????????
• Canine ????????
• Premolar ???????????????
• Molar ?????????????????

Blood supply Alveolar as. ??????? Maxillary
a. Innervation Superior ??? Inferior alveolar
ns. ??????? Maxillary ??? Mandibular nerves
5
?????????????Teeth

• Crown ???????????????
• Neck ??????????????
• Root ????? alveolar ????????????? Periodontal
  membrane (Gomphosis joint)
• Dentin ???????????????
• Enamel ???????
• Cement ??????????
• Pulp cavity ?????????? ????? ????????? ??????
  ????????????????
• Root canal ????????????????? Apical foramen

6
Milk Teeth
7
Permanent teeth
8
Clinical Anatomy

• ??????? maxillary molar ?????????? nasal cavity
  ???? maxillary sinus
• Sinusitis ???????????????????????????
• ??????? maxillary canine ?????????????????????????
  ?????? angular vein ??? ??????????????????????
  cavernous sinus ??? superior ophthalmic vein
• Third molar ?????????? ???????????????????

9
?????????????Tongue

• Root ???????? 1/3 ?? Lingual follicles (tonsil)
• Terminal sulcus ??????? v
• Foramen cecum ????????
• Body ???????? 2/3
• Apex
• Lingual septum ??? Midline groove
• Lingual frenulum
• Sublingual caruncle ????????????? Submandibular
  duct

10
????papillae??Tongue

• Vallate ???????????????????? ??????????? ???????
• Foliate ???????????? ???????????
• Filiform ???????????? body ??????????????
• Fungifirm ???????????????? ?????????????
  ???????????????? ???????????

Blood supply Lingual a. ??? External carotid
a.?????????? hyoglossus
11
Extrinsic muscles
12
Intrinsic muscles
13
Innervation of Tongue
14
Salivary gland

• Parotid ???????????ramus of mandible ???styloid
  process ????????? glossopharyngeal n.??? otic
  ganglion
• Submandibular ???????? body of mandible ?????????
  duct ??????????? lingual nerve ?????????? lingual
  frenulum
• Sublingual ????????????? genioglossus
• chorda tympani ???????????????????? submandibular
  ganglion

15
????????????????????Pharynx

• Nasopharynx ?????? choanae
• Pharyngeal tonsil ?????? roof
• Pharyngotympanic tube ???????????
• Oropharynx ??????????? soft palate ??? epiglottis
• Palatine tonsils ???????????
• Laryngopharynx
• Piriform recess ???????????? larynx
• Inlet of larynx

16
?????????????Pharynx
17
Clinical Anatomy

• ????????????????????????????? piriform recesses
  ??????????????? internal laryngeal n.
• ????????????????????????????????????????????
  laryngopharynx X-ray CT MRI ??????????????????????
  ??????? Pharyngoscope

18
Esophagus

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????
• ????????????? C6 ?????? Cricoid cartilage
• ???? Superior ??? Posterior mediastinum
• ?????????? Cardiac orifice ??? Diaphragm
• ??????????? cricopharyngeus, aortic arch, left
  main bronchus, hiatus of diaphragm(T10)
• ??????????????????? Esophageal plexus

19
???????Stomach

• Cardia ?????????????? cardiac orifice
• Fundus ??????????????????? left dome of diaphragm
• Cardiac notch ??????????? esophagus ??? fundus
• Body ??????????? fundus ??? pyloric antrum
• Angular incisure ???????????????????? Body ???
  Pyloric part
• Pyloric part ???????????
• Pyloric antrum ???????????????????
• Pyloric canal ??????????????????
• Pylorus ????????????????? Pyloric sphincter
• Lesser curvature ???????????????????????????????
• Greater curvature ???????????????????????????????

20
Celiac axis

• Left gastric a.?????? cardia ??? lesser curvature
• Right gastric a. ??? hepatic a. ?????? lesser
  curvature
• Right gastro-omental a ??? gastroduodenal a.
  ??????? greater curvature
• Left gastro-omental a. ??? splenic a. ???????
  greater curvature
• Short gastric a. ??? splenic a. ??????? fundus of
  stomach
• Prepyloric vein ????? pylorus ??? right gastric
  v.