FMD UK February

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FMD UK February

• Pan-Asian O strain
• First clinical case in swine
• High affinity for sheep, clinically difficult to
  see in sheep
• At the moment of the first case in swine, 42
  sheep farms were sub-clinically infected

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Containment UK

• Stamping-out without vaccination
• 2030 outbreaks
• 3.916.000 animals slaughtered
• 601.000 heads of cattle
• 3.172.000 sheep
• 139.000 pigs
• 5.000 others

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Course of events

• Import of (clean) Irish calves, which had
  contacts with (infected) British sheep from the
  UK on a resting point in France.
• Calves imported on a Dutch farm with calves and
  dairy goats on 24 February.
• First clinical signs in goats on 15 March
• first outbreak confirmed March 21, 2001

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Control measures

• European guidelines (85/511/EEC)
• Additional measures
• 72 standstill for all livestock (including
  poultry) and transport
• After 72 hours, movement restrictions only in
  infected or suspected compartments
• Ring-vaccination within 2 kilometers around an
  infected farm

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Stamping out

• All susceptible animals on infected farms culled
• Preventive culling of all farms within 1-2
  kilometers and farms-at-risk
• Culling on basis of test-results or on strong
  clinical suspicion
• Slaughtered in the whole outbreak 2763 farms
  (infected, suspected or vaccinated)

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Ring-vaccination

• Initially ring-vaccination within 2 kilometers
  around outbreaks
• All susceptible animals
• Decivac O1Manisa, standard-vaccine
• Outside vaccinated rings in the same area still
  new outbreaks
• April 5 EU-permission area-vaccination

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Area-vaccination

• Ring-vaccination was not sufficient
• 1931 farms with in total 177.474 animals
• Vaccine Decivac O1Manisa, standard vaccine
• Potency 3 PD50 per dose

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Vaccinations

• 177.474 animals on 1.931 farms
• 62.494 cattle
• 85.911 pigs
• 23.401 sheep
• 5.585 goats
• 85 others

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Outbreaks and vaccination
area vaccination
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Results

• Within 8 days after area-vaccination no more new
  outbreaks
• Last case April 22
• Vaccinated animals slaughtered by May 25
• OIE status FMD-free without vaccination by
  September 19

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Strong resistance

• Slaughtered
• 93.000 cattle
• 118.000 pigs
• 35.000 sheep
• 8.000 goats
• 12.000 other animals
• Strong resistance from farmers and the general
  public against massive destruction of healthy
  vaccinated animals

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Conclusions

• Ring-vaccination worked within the ring but still
  outbreaks outside the ring
• Within 8 days after area-vaccination no more new
  outbreaks
• Stringent stamping-out only partially efficient
• Only after area-vaccination with Decivac O1Manisa
  no more new outbreaks
• In the future massive destruction not expected to
  be an acceptable approach