Bez nadpisu

1
History and simultaneity of
national park High Tatras
2
History
High Tatras - pre-history

• The High Tatras region has been inhabited
  since prehistoric times.
• The oldest findings are from Ganovce.
• Those are the remains of the Neandrtal people
  who lived here more than 120,000 years ago.
• These pepole left the rests of fireplaces, bones
  of hunted animals and primitive tools here.

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High Tatras - pre-history

• The ancient hunters lived in caves in the
  Belianske Tatras a lot of remains of cave
  bears, elks and other animals were found here.
• The lay open of Yellow wall near Tartranská
  Polianka makes impression of artificial shape
  another evidence of prehistoric settlemment in
  this region.

4
High Tatras - Middle Ages
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High Tatras - modern times

• 16. and 17.century colonization tatra s root
  of the mountain
• substantial extension agricultural land gtattack
  on tatras woods
• pastoralism was unfolded -it was make used of
  almost every vegetation cover of High Tatras land
  
• baking of scarb pines it has purposed to
  expanded pastures and it disturb soil ecosystem
• miners hat defective technology it created
  ineffective extraction
• Matej Bel getting to know High Tatras and his
  scientific works got in for ugrian ranges and so
  outside world can fined beauty of High Tatras

6
High Tatras - modern times

• The oldest tatras settlement was created toward
  the 18. century.

• Real development of hiking in High Tatras land
  was started as late as the Koicko-bohumínska
  railway station was completed.
• Tatras get possession of traffic channels with
  Budapest, Prague, Wroclaw and after the completed
  Povaská railway station with Bratislava and
  Vienna too.

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High Tatras - modern times

• Further settlements was created trbské Pleso,
  Nový Smokovec, Dolný Smokovec, Tatranské
  Matliare...

• TANAP - Tatras national park was proclaimed in
  January 1949.

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Simultaneity
TANAP

• Instiution1.1.1949, the oldest national park
  in Slovakia
• Messagekeep Tatras nature with every living
  and lifeless variety.
• Exploitation of territoryscience and
  investigation, heeling, rehabilitation,
  recreation, sport and hiking
• Locationit cover Slovakia part Western and
  High Tatras and whole Belianske Tatras
• Area741 km2

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TANAP

• Protected natures jewellry in TANAP
  icebergs formation fashion mountain range
• Tatras wood - to create short of 60
  
• territory park
• variety initial vegetals and animals sort-
  endemy (chamois, may-flower)

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Tatranské naj...
The highest mountains 1. Gerlachovský tít 2.
Lomnický tít 3. Ladový tít 4. Pyný tít
5. Zadný Gerlach
The highest mountain lakes 1. Modré pleso 2.
Vyné Wahlenbergovo pleso 3. Vyné Strelecké
pleso 4. Vyné Terianske pleso 5. Vyné
Rumanovo pleso
The biggest mountain lakes 1. Velké Hincovo
pleso 2. trbské pleso 3. Niné
Temnosmrecianske pleso 4. Vyné Bielovodské
abie pleso 5. Popradské pleso
11
...in last time was High Tatras crash
victim of pollution envirous. It was due by
people and it is associated with natural
calamity...
12
Calamity - 19. November 2004

• Strong north-west wind totally changed the view
  of the High Tatras on 19th November 2004.
• Approximate wind speed was 90-115 km/h in hints
  more than 140 km/h and at the top of the
  mountains more than 170 km/h.
• A strip of 40-100 years old wood growth, from
  which was 2.5-5 km totally destroyed.
• The assessments show 12-14000 ha area of
  destroyed wood.

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Calamity - 19. November 2004

• We can consider this disaster the biggest
  ecological catastrophe in Slovakia in last 100
  years.
• The total renovation of destroyed woods will
  last more than 70 years at least.

• the effects of the calamity
  - floods due to higher surface water ontlet
  - danger of erosion
  - micro and mezzoclimate
  changes - changes of fauna
  and flora

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Renewal of destroyed land

• serious problems of liquidation insects pests
• application of chemicals is dangerous because it
  might endanger water resources
• wood renovation will change the panorama of TANAP

• positive information is that vestures under
  upper bound of wood (in the most severe zone of
  protected) gt was observed in original
  ecosystems

15
A year after the catastrophe...

• As to nowadays situation, it is positive that
  state Woods of TANAP have already processed about
  77 per cent of calamity wooden matter and cleaned
  6,960 ha of hit area.
• This calamity hit young wood growth its
  renovation started in autumn season and more
  than 160 ha have been finished since that time.
• Information system and tourists equipment
  benches, resting places, wells etc. have been
  repaired.
• Animals are not forgotten, they are fed in
  winter months.

16
Fire - 30.July 2005

• The greatest fire in the High Tatras since
  foundation of TANAP broke out at Biely dom in
  Tatranská Polianka on 30th July.
• The situation got worse due to strong wind and
  about 40 ha of calamity area burnt down.

• 14 ha of stand up growth and 13 ha of young
  wood have burnt
• damage reaches to 16 million crowns but
  environmental damage is even worse
• There are biotopes of European and national
  importance in the burnt place.
• Social value of the biotopes is more than 1,56
  milliard crowns

17
Fire-stopping orders
-
restriction of fire raising on the area of
national park

• Soon after the fire the posters warning not to
  set fire on the side enclosed buildings in the
  nationl parks region (area).

18
Thank you for attention.