Wireless 5G: Why, How, and What? And Where are the Opportunities for Us?

1
Wireless 5G Why, How, and What?AndWhere are
the Opportunities for Us?

• By
• Prof. T. Russell Hsing (? ?)
• Adjunct Professor, IE Department, CUHK (Hong
  Kong)
• CS College, National Chiao Tung University
  (Taiwan)
• EDGE Lab, Princeton University (USA)
• Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) Alliance
  (Europe)

2
Wireless Evolution Technologies, Services and
Business Models
Packet Networking
3G/4G
Internet
Manufacturer
2G/2.5G(Digital)
Internet
Digitalization
Manufacturer
3
All of The Following Seven Key Technologies for
ICT Applications Services Have Being Constantly
Improved

• Communication
• Computing
• Storage
• Interface
• Sensor
• Actuator
• Software Algorithm

4
Wireless 5G Why Now?

• Currently 3G/ 4G could deliver unprecedented
• Coverage
• Bandwidth
• Latency (not quite yet!)
• Reliability
• But 3G/4G could not fulfill many of the
  demanded emerging services and the new type of
  social media-enabled traffic pattern now
• After iPhone was introduced in 2007, Steve Jobs
  Un-equilibrium Relationship occurs Immediately,
  i.e. Create a Market Gap of Demands gtgt Supply
  
• Traffic volumes will be increased at least 10100
  X from 2010 to 2020
• Energy required will be needed by at least 10X,
  Need Green Energy Comm.
• Need Best Effort QoS gtgt Guaranteed QoS
  Services for End-to-End Internet Networks, and
  Spectra Efficiency
• Need new Business Models and Spectra Efficiency

5
Wireless 5G How? (i.e. Anticipated Features)

• In the Near Future Wireless 5Gs anticipated
  features
• Wireless 5G technologies should deliver explosive
  range depth services
• Personalization,
• Immediacy,
• Anticipation,
• Smart Data Pricing (SDP)
• NFV/SDN-Based Mobility Management for Wireless 5G
• Cognitive Radio Network (CRN)-Based Spectrum
  Sharing
• Small Cell Networks (for huge data transactions
  applications)
• New Business Models NaaS, DaaS, KaaS

6
Examples Three Features and One Application
Scenario for the Future Wireless 5G

• Feature 1 Small Cell Networks
• Feature 2 Smart Data Pricing
• Feature 3 SDN-Based Mobility Management
• Application Scenario Internet of Vehicles (IoV)

7
Small Cells for LTE-A/B, IoT, 5G
1,2
3
Interference/ Coverage
Network Operator Service for smarter apps.
3D Radio Resource Management
Time
4
Radio
POWER FLOW
Frequency

1. More efficient traffic aggregate for smarter apps
   and services
2. More efficient QoS management for revenue based
   model
3. More adaptive network management for deploying to
   multiple areas (Wide, Hotspt, Indoors) and
   business cases (Metro, Residential, Enterprise)
4. More efficient spectrum/radio resource management
   to squeeze more capacity and value out of spectrum

8
Why Smart Data Pricing? (1/3)
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Why Smart Data Pricing? (2/3)
Network Congestion (Bursty Internet Traffic)

• Bandwidth-Hungry Devices
• Cloud Service
• M2M Applications
• Capacity-Hungry Application

Flat-Rate Pricing
Source http//www.potaroo.net/studies/1slash8/1sl
ash8.html

• Usage-Based since 2008
• Application-Based

Soft Solution Pricing Strategy
Hard Solution Network Deployment
Cons 1. What Time 2. Traffic Condition 3. Network
Resource
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Applications for Smart Data Pricing (3/3)

• Time Traffic
• Dependent Pricing
• Peak Load Pricing
• Off-Peak Discounting

Change of User Incentives for Internet Access
Time- Traffic-Shifting Data Demand

• Pros
• Ease Network Congestion
• Flatten Traffic Burst
• Cons
• Network Neutrality
• Hurt Demand ?

• TUBE by Chiang's lab, a solution, allows
  smartphone users to pay for their network usage
  based on what time they download videos and other
  data.
• The UI on an iPhone provides users with
  information on pricing and usage history to
  encourage them to use their phone during off-peak
  hours.

Example TUBE Solution by Mung Chiangs LAB,
PRINCETON https//www.princeton.edu/engineering/ne
ws/archive/?id5103
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What is SDN-Based Mobility Management

• Incompatible wireless systems will still coexist
  in the future
• In SDN-based mobility management
• Core network and radio network are
  reconfigurable
• Both network and mobile node can choose their
  prefer mobility management protocols

Jyh-Cheng Chen, et. al, Reconfigurable
architecture and mobility management for
next-generation wireless IP networks, IEEE
Transactions on Wireless Communications, August
2007
Jyh-Cheng Chen, et. al, "RAMP reconfigurable
architecture and mobility platform. IEEE
GLOBECOM 2005
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Why SDN-based Mobility Management

• The network can incorporate different mobility
  protocols with different features.
• Mobile node can change its mobility protocol at
  anytime when moving into different networks.
• Can incorporate new protocols easily
• Can integrate heterogeneous networks easily
• Provide guaranteed QoS for end-to-end Internet

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Internet of Vehicles Vehicular Telematics
Applications (1/2)
Safety/Auto Services
Navigation Mobility
Infotainment E-commerce
V2I Communication V2V Communication GPS
Telematics Enabled Vehicles
Connected Vehicle Services
Enabling Trends

• Safety/Auto services
• Driver Safety and Security
• Vehicle Maintenance
• Navigation Mobility
• Traffic, ETA, POI, Localized Searches
• Tolls and Parking
• Infotainment E-Commerce
• Digital Content
• Social Networking

• Smartphone Platforms
• App Store Business Model
• Tethering for OBU
• OBU and Passenger Entertainment Systems
• Embedded wireless and sensors
• Smartphone integration with improved HMI
• Infrastructure
• Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (Future)
• Cloud based delivery

13
14
Internet of Vehicles High Speed Rail (HSR) (2/2)

• Train Control System
• Data transmission
• Required high reliability and security
• Communication System
• Voice communication
• Train crews and operation center
• Data transmission
• Diagnostics, CCTV or etc.
• Passenger service
• Wi-Fi connecting to Internet

Acela Express (Amtrak, USA)
TGV (SCNF, France)
Tokaido Shinkansen (JRC, Japan)
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Wireless 5G What ? (i.e. Our Objectives PASS)

• Performability
• full connectivity, coverage, bandwidth, latency,
• green energy
• Adaptivity (for future traffic volumes)
• SDP, CRN-based spectrum sharing NFV/SDN-based
  mobility management, context awareness
• Scalability
• number nodes and traffic volumes
• Security
• confidentiality, integrity, availability,
  reliability, privacy and trust

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 Technology Trend (1/2)Cloud-based Networking
gtgt Fog-based Networking

• Pushing processing and storage into the cloud
  has been a key trend in networking and
  distributed systems in the past decade. In the
  next wave of technology advance, the cloud is now
  descending to be diffused among the client
  devices, often with mobility too the cloud is
  becoming fog.
•  
• Fog Networking combines the study of mobile
  communications, micro-clouds, distributed
  systems, and consumer big data into an exciting
  new area

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 Technology Trend (2/2)Cloud-based Networking
gtgt Fog-based Networking

• Examples of recent Fog Networking RD activities
  range from RF and physical layer to application
  layers
• Client-driven distributed beam forming
• Client-side HetNets control
• Client-defined cloud storage systems
• Efficient distributed storage at the edge
  micro-clusters
• Smart Data Pricing implemented through
  client-side control
• Crowd-sourced LTE network state inference

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Wireless 5G What? (i.e. Enabling Services
Creation)

• -Applications- Services- Driven Research for
  Services Creation
• Based on Cloud Fog Computing Platform to
  develop Mobile Applications which are ubiquitous,
  scalable, reliable and cost effective
• Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and Healthcare
  Services
• Privacy-preserving secured communications
• Green Communications for Future Mobile Wireless
  Technology and Services Provision
• Small Data Pricing Applications
• ISP, Content provider, Consumer Win-Win-Win
  ecosystem
• New Business Models NaaS,, DaaS, and KaaS