Phylogenetic relationships within the coral crab genus Carpilius and a preliminary analysis of the r

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Phylogenetic relationships within the coral crab
genus Carpilius and a preliminary analysis of the
relationships of the Carpiliidae to other
xanthoid families based on molecular sequence data
Sandra E. Trautwein Los Angeles County Natural
History Museum
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Xanthid crab diversity 120 genera and 1,000
species
Carpilius maculatus
Glyptoxanthus hancocki
Globopilumnus xantusii
Liomera cinctimana
Trapezia digitalis
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Guinot, 1978
Superfamily Xanthoidea Family Carpiliidae
Menippidae Platyxanthidae Xanthidae
Panopeidae Pilumnidae Trapeziidae Geryoni
dae
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Serene, 1984
Superfamily Xanthoidea Family Carpiliidae
Menippidae Xanthidae Pilumnidae Trapez
iidae
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Superfamily Xanthoidea Family Carpiliidae
Eumedonidae Goneplacidae Hexapodidae Men
ippidae Panopeidae Pilumnidae Platyxanthidae
Pseudorhombilidae Trapeziidae Xanthidae

Martin and Davis, 2001
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Family Carpiliidae
Why study the family Carpiliidae?

• Large and colorful inhabitants of coral reefs
  worldwide
• Possesses 5 zoeal stages instead of typical
  xanthid 4 (Menippidae is the only other)

• Little known about natural history
• Relationship to other xanthoid crabs unknown
• Very widespread - possible new species?

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Recent Classifications of Carpiliids
Guinot, 1968 Family Xanthidae Subfamily
Carpilinae Genera Carpilius Euryozius
Gardineria Palaeocarpilius
Ocalina
Wright Collins, 1972 Family
Carpiliidae Genera Carpilius Euryozius
Gardineria Palaeocarpilius Ocalina
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Recent Classifications of Carpiliids
Schweitzer, 2000 Family Carpiliidae Genera
Carpilius Euryozius Gardineria
Palaeocarpilius Ocalina
Proxicarpilius Harpactoxanthopsis
Eocarpilius
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Recent Classifications of Carpiliids
Crosnier, in Serene, 1984 Family Carpiliidae
Genera Carpilius Species C maculatus
C. convexus C. corallinus
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Questions To Examine
1) What are the relationships among the extant
species of Carpilius across the entire range of
the genus?
2) Is the family Carpiliidae distinct from
other xanthids?
3) What are the relationships among the currently
proposed families of crabs in the superfamily
Xanthoidea (sensu Martin and Davis)?
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Question Examined
1) What are the relationships among the extant
species of Carpilius across the entire range of
the genus?
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Why 12S and 16S rRNA?
Previously used in many crustacean molecular
analyses. Appropriate rates of molecular
change. Universal primers already exist.
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Carpiliid Specimens Sequenced
Hawaii -5 Guam - 2 Indonesia - 1 Red Sea - 2
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Carpilius convexus
Hawaii -3 Guam - 2
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Carpilius maculatus
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Carpiliid Specimens Sequenced
Brazil -1 Navassa Is. - 2 Guana Is. - 2
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Carpilius corallinus
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Other Xanthid Specimens Sequenced
Guam - 2
Liomera cinctimana
Indonesia - 2
Liagore rubromaculata
Australia - 1
Pseudocarcinus gigas
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Additional Xanthid Specimens - GenBank Sequences
Trapezia cymodoce
Menippe - 3 species
Panopeus herbstii Dyspanopeus sayi
Xantho poressa
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Outgroups Examined - GenBank Sequences
Portunidae
Ocypodidae
Grapsidae
Panuliridae
Porcellanidae
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16S rRNA Phylogeny
99 98
51 54
90 95
100 100
95 96
gt50 68
Family Xanthidae?
78 70
56 53
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Acknowledgments

• Support
• National Science Foundation PEET grant
• Falconwood Corporation and Marine Science Month
  program of Guana Island
• Specimens
• Gustav Paulay
• Robert Moffitt
• Bella Galil
• Christopher Boyko
• Todd L. Zimmerman, Todd A. Haney, Rick Ware, and
  Gordon Hendler