GENITOURINARY

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GENITO-URINARY

• Hysterosalpingogram Retrograde pyelogram Urogr
  aphy
• PID VCUG
• Ovarian Cysts,Fibroids
• Benign Prostatic Enlargment
• Prostate Cancer/ Testicular cancer

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ANATOMY AND FUNCTIONURINARY SYSTEM

• Which structures are retroperitoneal?
• Which are infraperitoneal?
• What gland is located near the upper medial part
  of the kidney
• What system does this gland belong to?
• The kidneys form a ____angle to the midsagital
  plane

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More questions

• The top of the left kidney is at what level?
• The bottom of the right kidney is at what level?
• What is the function of the urinary system?
• What is the functional unit of the kidney called?
  See pg 547
• The renal pelvis leaves each kidney at the
  _____to become the ureter.

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The ureters and urinary bladder

• Name the three points of constriction
• What is the trigone?

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BUN AND CREATININE LEVELS

• Normal creatinine levels
• Normal BUN levels

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RETROGRADE PYELOGRAM

• Nonfunctional
• Alternative to IVP
• ID calculi
• Pt sedated
• Sterile procedure
• Cystoscope inserted

• Catheter inserted
• to level of lower renal pelvis
• water soluble contrast injected
• Stone removal/no contrast

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CYSTOGRAM VCUG

• Nonfunctional

• Functional

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UROGRAPHY

• Contrast injected intravenously
• Scout films
• Timed films
• Delayed films

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TOMOGRAPHY pg773

• What do you remember?
• Purpose of
• Terms see page 773
• Influencing and controlling factors page 775

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US and pregnancy

• 1ST TRIMESTER
• Location-gest.sac
• presence
• absence
• fetal
• exam. Of uterus

• 2ND-3RD
• fetal life,age,
• amniotic fluid
• placenta location
• fetal anatomy

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US and Female reproductive organs

• PID
• Ectopic pregnancy
• endometriosis
• pelvic abscess
• neoplasms
• Ovarian masses
• follicle size
• endometrial Ca

• Transvaginal
• cervix
• uterus
• ovaries
• CT/MRI-endometrial ca

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HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAMpg 759-761

• Indications?
• What time of the womans cycle should it be done?
• Equipment?

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• Oily or water contrast
• fluoro
• vaginal speculum
• uterine cannula
• syringes
• tubing

• Antiseptic
• one way stop cock
• floor lamp
• stool
• stirrups
• k-y jelly
• fluoro

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PROCEDURE

• Speculum
• inserted
• Cannula
• inserted
• Contrast
• injected

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ITS THE GUYS TURN!!

• An Abdomen film can reveal pathologies in both
  sexes

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THE PROSTATE

• Surround the neck of the bladder
• Produces seminal fluids
• Enlargement is detected how radiographically?
• Any other way?

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THE Enlarged PROSTATE

• US-transrectally or through bladder
• IVPs
• Palpation
• Symptomically

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PROSTATE CANCERpg 404 Comprehensive Pathology

• 2ND MOST COMMON MALIGNANCY IN MEN
• US, IVP or cystogram
• MRI- can delineate prostate and seminal vessicles

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TESTICULAR TUMORS

• Always malignant
• age 20-35
• Metastasize to lymphatic system
• visualized in US/ MRI

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EXAMINATION OF URETHRA

• VCUG
• Urethragraphy
• stricture
• disease
• trauma
• patient catherized