Nature Wars II

1
Nature Wars II

• ISS 310
• Spring 2000
• Prof. Alan Rudy
• Questions? Main Points?
• 4/20/00

2
Ch.3 Relatively Harmless Creatures

• Cockroaches
• Conserving Nature but not at home?
• Structural Pest Controllers
• Exterminators or Guardians of Health?
• Fleas
• Rats/mice
• Mosquitoes
• Termites
• Sanitation IPM far better than chemicals or
  utterly natural controls

3
Ch.3 Relatively Harmless Cockroaches?

• Ancient (like grasshoppers, mantids, crickets and
  termites).
• 4000 species - 4 main pest species
• Flat, greasy, flee from light
• Omnivorous scavengers
• Fecund --gt High reproductive rates
• NOT A SERIOUS HEALTH THREAT
• Allergies usually worst.
• A couple? Who cares.

4
Ch.3 Relatively Harmless Cockroaches II

• When is an infestation bad enough to implement
  control measures?
• Can low levels be tolerated or accepted?
• Are chemicals necessary?
• Are slower, apparently more expensive (short
  term), methods feasible?

5
Ch.3 Relatively Harmless Cockroaches III

• Winston claims most chemicals highly tested. IBT
  scandal...
• Do we trust testers, often companies.
• Do we, and others, understand labels and safety
  measures?
• Why do agricultural chemicals and practices get
  more scrutiny than home chemicals and practices?

6
Ch.3 Relatively Harmless Cockroaches IV

• How do we evaluate household chemical danger for
  humans?
• Problems with, and difficulty of, social
  epidemiology.
• Problems of, and difficulties with, pesticide
  resistance.
• Esp. for cockroaches, where resistance to one
  chemical may impart resistance to others as well.

7
Ch.3 Relatively Harmless Cockroaches V

• Delete sample documenticons and replace with
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• Rotate chemicals often?
• How about non-pesticide methods?
• 1) Know your species, habitat, preferences
• 2) Be clean, store food and garbage in sealed
  containers, eliminate standing water.
• 3) Selective and specific chemical baits, traps
  and chemical applications.
• Diatomaceous earth, boric acid first.

8
Ch.3 Relatively Harmless Cockroaches VI

• Key consumers must demand IPM not chemical
  extermination.
• Industry must serve clients who want
  extermination and or apparent cost-cutting and
  time saving methods.
• IPM professionalization/better training. but
  also long-term, sustained and regular maintenance
  and testing.

9
Ch.3 Relatively Harmless Cockroaches VII

• Need better govt regulation, certification,
  training and renewal schedules.
• Need better understanding of short-term
  penny-wisdom being long-term pound foolish.
• Very nice summary on p.58

10
Ch.4 Weeds

• Humans thrive everywhere and make their own
  surroundings, even novel ecosystems like cities
  and suburbs.
• Urbanism makes weeds in both their plant, animal
  and bird incarnations.
• Urban nature is a hybrid place and climate,
  groomed, sanitized, and simplified more about
  feeling than nature.

11
Ch.4 Weeds II

• Pigeons
• check out those many diseases (61)
• Geese
• mean, stinky, slimy, sick birds
• Mike Mackintosh
• seeks diversified urban ecologies as a means of
  controlling pest populations and the reduction of
  pest being generated by urbanism.

12
Ch.4 Weeds III

• Delete sample documenticons and replace with
  working document icons as follows
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• Birds and Aircraft/Airports
• Airports often placed near marshy bird-intensive
  habitats -- ooops.
• Marsh, complex, diverse ecology that Winston
  calls balanced.
• Airport, simplified, reduced diversity ecology
  that Winston calls disrupted.

13
Ch.4 Weeds IV

• To legally control bird populations
• Mowing
• Draining
• Garbage Removal
• Different Noises
• Spikes
• Hotfoot
• Move nests
• Raptor releases.

14
Ch.4 Weeds V

• Rats
• lean, mean, gnawing machines
• quick, tough, and hard to kill
• carry a whole host of diseases and disease
  vectors
• cause fires by gnawing cables
• Buildings can be rat-proofed but it isnt easy
• Anti-coagulants --gt resistance

15
Ch.4 Weeds VI

• Coyotes
• classic mammalian generalist with high
  reproduction rates and smarts
• kill far fewer pets than cars
• Raccoons
• move to cities when habitat destroyed and when
  transplanted for sporty hunting.
• Rabies
• Beaver, Deer, Squirrels, Rabbits.

16
Ch.4 Weeds VI

• Delete sample documenticons and replace with
  working document icons as follows
• From Insert Menu, select Object...
• Click Create from File
• Locate File name in File box
• Make sure Display as Icon is checked
• Click OK
• Select icon
• From Slide Show Menu, Select Action Settings
• Click Object Action and select Edit
• Click OK

• Lawns!
• Greatest advertizing campaign EVER
• Quote on p. 76
• Naturescaping for diversity
• Wildlife corridors
• Diversity, Conservation and Stewardship.