Diesel Retrofits, Smartway, and Antiidling Technologies

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Diesel Retrofits, Smartway, and Anti-idling
Technologies
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

• Greening Your Fleet
• June 5, 2007

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• Diesel emissions contribute to
• Ozone (NOx/HC)
• Particulate Matter/Haze
• Air Toxics
• Diesel exhaust poses significant public health
  concerns
• exacerbates asthma, causes respiratory and
  cardiovascular illness and premature death
• Likely human carcinogen at occupational and
  environmental exposure levels

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National Regulatory Program for Diesel Engines

• Clean Diesel Truck/Bus Rule (Dec 2000)
• Ultra low sulfur diesel Oct 2006
• Model year 2007 engines
• Clean Air Non-road Diesel Rule (May 2004)
• 2007 500 ppm, 2010 15 ppm
• Phased in engine standards - 2008-2014
• Locomotive/Marine rule proposed (March 2007)
• But what can be done with the 11 million engines
  in use today?

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EPA Clean Diesel Programs

• National Clean Diesel Campaign
• Reduce emissions from legacy fleet of over 11 M
  diesel engines by 2014
• Clean School Bus USA
• Clean Ports USA
• Clean Construction USA
• Smartway Transport (freight transport)
• Smartway Grow and Go (renewable fuels)
• http//www.epa.gov/otaq/diesel/index.htm

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• Public-private partnership to accelerate diesel
  emission reductions in the Midwest
• Region 5 diesel engines
• Approximately 3.3 million
• MCDI Goal
• reduce emissions from 1 million diesel-powered
  engines by 2010

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The 5 Rs

• Refuel- Use of advanced diesel fuels, i.e. ULSD
  can lower emissions
• Retrofit- Installation of exhaust aftertreatment
  devices such as Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC),
  Diesel particulate filters (DPF), etc
• Repair/Rebuild- regular engine maintenance plays
  a critical role in maintaining emissions
  performance while engine rebuilding can upgrade
  emissions performance of older engines.
• Repower replacing older engines with newer
  cleaner engines
• Replace- replacing the entire equipment to
  ensure that your new purchase utilizes the most
  cost effective emission reduction technology

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Retrofit Options

• Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)
• Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF)
• Closed Crankcase Ventilation (CCV)
• Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR)
• (Also NOx reductions)
• Others as well
• Recommend use of EPA Verified Products
• http//www.epa.gov/otaq/retrofit/retroverifiedlist
  .htm

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Diesel Oxidation Catalyst

• Reduce diesel emissions through
• Oxidizes pollutants in the exhaust stream
• Reduces PM (10-50), HC (40-60), CO (40-60)
• Cost 700-2000
• Widely used
• No Maintenance
• Applicable to most engines
• Lower PM reductions than
• diesel particulate filters

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Diesel Particulate Filter

• Honeycomb or mesh devices placed within exhaust
  stream that physically trap and oxidize PM
• Reduces PM, HC, CO 85
• Cost 5k-10k
• Must be used with ultra low
• sulfur diesel fuel, periodic maintenance

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Smartway
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How did SmartWay Transport Partnership begin?

• Freight carrier goals
• Reduced fuel consumption
• Public recognition
• Better public image
• Better relationship with government

• EPA goals
• Reduced CO2 emissions
• Improve energy security
• Better relationship with the freight industry

• Freight shipper goals
• Better understanding and control of supply chain
  transportation foot print
• New ways to promote corporate citizenship and
  sustainable business practices

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SmartWay Transport Partnership

• Voluntary Partnership w/ground freight industry
• Opportunity for companies to enhance performance
  of freight operations supply chains
• Emission Reduction Goals
• 150 million barrels of oil each year (12 million
  cars off the road)
• 33-66 million metric tons CO2 annually by 2012
• 200,000 tons NOx annually, plus PM and air toxics
  reductions

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Who can Partner with SmartWay Transport?

• Carriers any size trucking firm
• Baseline performance of fleet commit to improve
  efficiency w/in 3 years
• Earn logo with 40 CO2 efficiency rating
• Shippers hire contract carriers
• Baseline freight shipped, commit to improve
  performance within 3 years
• Earn logo with 50 freight shipped (effectively)
  via SmartWay Carriers
• Logistics (3PLs) contracted by shippers
• Same as Shippers
• Earn logo with 5 freight shipped or 20 new
  contract carriers per year
• Affiliates trade associations, NGOs, etc.
• Promote goals of Partnership, help market Partner
  efforts and successes

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Ohio Partners
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What are the Carriers doing?

• Carriers adopt fuel efficient technologies and
  strategies
• Idle reduction
• Improved aerodynamics
• Improved freight logistics
• Automatic tire inflation
• Driver training
• Weight Reduction
• Speed Control
• Etc.

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Advanced Truck Stop Electrification
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Advanced Truck Stop Electrification
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Direct-Fired Bunk Heaters
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Auxiliary Power Units
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Auxiliary Power Unit
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Trailer Aerodynamics
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The Technology PackageSmartWay Upgrade Kits
with Oxidation Catalysts

• Some options for SmartWay upgrade kits
• High FE Truck w/ Oxidation Catalyst
• For a truck traveling 100,000 miles/year _at_ 6 mpg
  (16,667 gallons /year)
• Fuel savings 3,100 gallons _at_ 2.80/gallon ?
  8,680/year
• Payback period 9,500 / 8,680 ? 1.09
  years
• Costs drop as technology is applied at OEM
  level (especially for tires)

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Technology Package Savings Calculator

• Determine your net monthly savings from adopting
  an upgrade kit with or without a loan
• Enter fleet characteristics (fuel use, idling
  hours) for a single truck or a fleet
• Determine which technologies make the most
  financial sense for your truck/fleet
• http//www.epa.gov/smartway/calculator/loancalc.ht
  m

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Small Business Administration Loan Program

• Private lending institutions
• Used to pay for efficiency improvements-APUs,
  bunk heaters, single-wide tires, etc.
• Express loans-rapid, online approval
• No collateral
• Available to small trucking firms in amounts from
  5,000 to 25,000
• http//www.epa.gov/smartway/financing.htmtruckloa
  ns

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Freight Logistics Environmental and Energy
Tracking (FLEET) Model

• Evaluate effectiveness of fuel savings, emission
  reduction strategies
• Input
• Number of trucks
• Fuel consumed
• Miles traveled
• Anti-idling devices (or other technology/strategy)
  
• Output
• Emissions savings
• Cost savings

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Freight Logistics Environmental and Energy
Tracking (FLEET) Performance Model
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Graphical Output
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What are the Shippers doing?

• Shippers implement facility and operational
  measures to improve efficiency
• Intermodal shipping
• Pick-up delivery scheduling
• Full truck loads
• Preferential docking
• Warehouse improvements
• Electric forklifts
• Driver comfort stations
• Idle-reduction at docks
• Etc.

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No-Idling Polices at Loading Facilities
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Partnership Benefits

• Better information about Transportation Footprint
• Carriers gain competitive advantage
• Opportunities to demonstrate corporate
  citizenship
• Enhanced public relations value for Partners
  qualifying to use the SmartWay Transport Partner
  logo
• Media coverage in print media, broadcast
• Partners achievements highlighted in press
  events, Partner recognition events
• Highlight Partners case studies, company
  profiles
• Marketing tools for Partners
• www.epa.gov/smartway

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SmartWay Grow and Go

• Innovative new program within SmartWay to expand
  renewable fuels use
• E85 and biodiesel
• Second-generation biofuels like cellulosic-based
  ethanol
• Promotes the advantages of biofuels
• Expands technical expertise
• New Certification Process for E85 fueling
  dispensers
• EPA working with Underwriters Laboratory and
  Department of Energy
• Provide information on Renewable Fuels Standard
• Removes barriers/provides incentives
• New Partner Category for Biodiesel Providers

Visit Grow and Go Web site www.epa.gov/smartway/gr
owandgo/
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U.S. EPA Funding Update

• FY 2003-2006 EPA Funds
• 25 million for Clean School Bus USA
• 6.1 million for non Clean School Bus USA
  projects
• FY07 EPA Budget
• Clean School Bus 700k in Region 5 (7M
  Nationally)
• MCDI Request for Applications open until June 22
• http//www.epa.gov/midwestcleandiesel/
• Eligibility state and local governments (e.g.
  school districts), non-profits and tribal
  governments in Region 5 (IL, IN, MI, MN,OH, WI)
• Retrofit, idling reduction technologies, cleaner
  fuels, repowers, replacements
• Looking for leveraged funds and cost effective
  actions
• National Clean Diesel Campaign Funding (??)
• FY08 EPA Budget
• Presidents Budget Proposes 35M (tied to Energy
  Policy Act)
• House Subcommittee 50M

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Energy Policy Act of 2005 Sec. 791-797 Diesel
Emissions Reduction

• Authorizes more than 1B over 5 years for grants
  and loans that support clean diesel activities.
• Has not been appropriated at this point.
• Funding Distribution
• 70 of funds for national grant and loan programs
• 30 of funds for state grant and loan programs
• Use of Funds
• Retrofit technology, engine replacement, engine
  repower, engine rebuild
• Reduction in long duration idling
• Program funding, allocation, criteria,
  eligibility, etc. will be subject to final
  congressional appropriation language

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Other Funding Sources

• Federal Highway Administration
• Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Program
• 1.7B authorized annually until 2009
• For nonattainment and maintenance areas (ozone,
  PM, CO)
• Area by area funding process/schedule
• Supplemental Environmental Projects (SEPs)
• Federal and State enforcement actions
• Within R5, over 6M in Fed SEPs since 2004
• MCDI E-Update
• Get on email list for upcoming funding and forums
• Visit www.epa.gov/midwestcleandiesel

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For More Information Contact Steve
Marquardt 312-353-3214 marquardt.steve_at_epa.gov