Boating Skills

1
Boating Skills Seamanship

• Lesson 11
• Lines Knots for Your Boat

2
Lesson Objectives

• Materials used in making rope
• Use, selection and care
• How to store rope
• About rope/line hardware
• Useful knots
• How to secure the boats line

3
Marlinspike Seamanship

• Art of handling working all kinds of fiber,
  synthetic wire rope
• Includes
• Knotting, splicing, worming, parceling, serving
  fancy work
• What to a landlubber is - ROPE
• To a seaman is - LINE

4
Type of Line

• Natural
• Manila, Sisal
• Shrink when wet and rot when dry
• Weaker size for size than synthetics

5
Type of Line (contd)

• Synthetics
• Nylon
• Strongest size for size of synthetic
• Stretches most, resists chafing
• Does not shrink when wet
• Good for dock lines, towing and anchoring

6
Line

• Natural fiber
• Manila, Sisal, Hemp, Jute, Cotton, Flax
• Synthetic
• Nylon, Polyester (Dacron), Polypropylene
• Wire Rope
• Steel strands

7
Natural Fiber Line

• Best is Manila
• Has strength, durability minimal stretch
• Sisal is cheaper, but inferior
• Disadvantages
• Shrink when wet
• Rot if stowed wet
• Size for size, weaker than synthetic

8
Synthetic Line

• General - good wet/dry strength, resists water,
  mildew rot
• Nylon - strongest, resists chafe, has most
  stretch, good for anchor and mooring

9
Synthetic Line (contd)

• Polyester - costs more than nylon, easier
  smoother to handle, use anytime, no stretch
• Polypropylene - floats, costs less, deteriorates
  in sunlight, hard, slips on cleats, cuts

10
Manufacture of Line

• Laid
• Right laid
• Left laid
• Braided
• Single braided
• Double braided

11
Kinds of Rope
Braid
Twist
12
Composition of Right Laid Line
13
Double Braided Line
core
14
Wire Rope

• Maximum STRENGTH
• Minimum STRETCH
• Used mostly on sailboats for standing and running
  rigging
• Used on davits

15
Yachting Ropes
16
Ends of Line

• Ends need to be protected from fraying unlaying
• Ends can be
• Whipped with thread/small stuff
• Taped with waterproof tape
• Dipped in plastic liquid
• Melted with heat/flame

17
Temporary Whipped
start
finish
Pull cut
18
Making Up Lines

• Faking
• Laying out line in figure eights so it is free to
  run without tangles
• Flemishing
• Neat, ornamental way to store line on deck
• Coiling
• Proper way to put line away in a locker or
  compartment

Coiling Faking Flemishing
19
Losing Strength in Rope

• No knots or splices
• Anchor or Fishermans bend
• Timber hitch
• Round turn
• Two Half-hitches
• Bowline
• Clove hitch
• Sheet bend or Weavers knot
• Square or Reef knot
• Eye splice
• Long splice
• Short splice

20
Parts of a Line
Overhand Loop
Working End
Underhand Loop
Standing Part
Bitter End
21
Round Turn
22
Basic Mariners Knots Bends

• Figure 8
• Square Knot
• Clove Hitch
• Sheet of Becket Bend
• Anchor Bend
• Timber Hitch
• Bowline
• Half Hitches
• Rolling Hitch

23
Figure 8

• The Stopper Knot
• It can be untied after being jammed
• Used on all lines on sailboat except spinnaker
  sheets

24
Square Knot

• Reef Knot - Alternate name
• Used to secure reefed sail to boom
• Fasten two lines of equal size
• Difficult to untie if jammed
• To tie
• Right over left, then
• Left over right

25
Clove Hitch

• Used to tie line to piling
• Knot will jam under load
• Difficult to untie if load cannot be relieved

26
Sheet Bend

• Becket Bend - alternate name
• Ties two unequal sized lines together
• Easy to untie after heavy strain

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Two Half Hitches

• Used to tie a line to a Ring, Piling, Post or
  Grommet
• Easier to untie under tension and more permanent
  than a clove hitch

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Round Turn with 2 Half Hitches

• To tie a line permanently to a piling

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Anchor or Fishermans Bend
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The Bowline

• To make a temporary loop
• The rabbit comes up through the hole
• Around the tree
• Then back down
• into the hole

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The Bowline

• The King of Knots
• Easy to untie
• Tie Jib sheets to Clew of Jib
• Tie lines to fittings
• Tie lines of equal or unequal size together
• Tie a rode to an anchor

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Bowline
33
Timber Hitch
34
Rolling Hitch
Around again, cross over first turn passing
between the first turn and the standing part of
its own line
Tie a half hitch
Around once
35
Cleats and Chocks
36
Mooring Cleat
37
Belaying to a Cleat
38
Jam Cleat
Working End
Standing Part
39
Larks Head
40
Cam Cleat
41
Chock

• Used to protect boat and line

42
Securing Cleats

• Use through bolts and backing block

Deck
Backing Block
43
Securing Lines
Bow Bitts
Samson Post
44
Dipping the Eye

• Other boats eye on piling
• Your eye can be removed or put on without
  disturbing the other boats line

45
Turnbuckle
46
Blocks

• On a vessel, pulleys are called blocks

47
Double Sheave Block
48
Thimble
49
Special Lines

• Lead Line
• Measures Depth of Water
• Weighted with a lead weight
• (Hollow end for bottom sample)

50
Dock Lines

• Stern line
• Bow line
• Breast line
• Spring line

51
Dock Lines

• Spring line
• Bow/Stern lines

52
Fenders
53
Summary

• Natural fiber vs. Synthetic line
• Laid vs. Braided line
• Coiling, Faking, Flemishing
• Knots, Bends, Hitches
• Splices
• Securing lines
• Dipping the Line