Oh, California

1
Oh, California
2
Oh, California

• Oh, California,
• Thats the land for me!
• Im bound for San Francisco
• With my washbowl on my knee
• J. Nichols

3
Oh, California Unit 1 People and Places

• Unit 1 covers a wide time span from 14,000 years
  ago to 1492.
• The unit will tell about the earliest
  Californians, who lived at least 12,000 years
  ago.
• The first people found California to be a land
  rich in plants and animals.

4
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1Geography of
California

• A globe is a ball that has all of the earths
  areas of land and bodies of water drawn on it.
• If you turn a globe around, you can see all of
  the earths seven great areas of land, or
  continents.
• A map also shows the earths land and oceans.
  But a map is different from a globe. Because it
  is flat and not round, a map lets you see all the
  continents and oceans at once.

5
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Looking at North
America

• In the middle of North America is the United
  States.
• Its neighbor countries are Canada to the north
  and Mexico to the south.
• A border is the line where one area ends and
  another begins.

6
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1Looking at North
America

• South of Mexico is an area called Central
  America. This area includes the countries of
• Guatemala Nicaragua
• Belize Costa Rica
• El Salvador Panama
• Honduras

7
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Looking at North
America

• Farther east, in the Caribbean Sea, is a group of
  island countries called the West Indies.
• And at the top of the map is the country of
  Greenland.

8
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Looking at
California

• California is on the western border of the United
  States.
• Californias neighbors are the states of Oregon
  to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and
  the country of Mexico to the south.

9
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• Mount Whitney is 14,494 feet high, the highest
  point in the United States outside of Alaska.
• Death Valley is the lowest point in North America
  and sinks to 282 feet below sea level.
• On July 10, 1913, the temperature in Death Valley
  hit a blazing 134 degrees Fahrenheit, the highest
  temperature ever measured in the United States.

10
Map of the World
11
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• Four Regions
• On any one day in California, you can swim in the
  ocean, ski in the mountains, pick fruit on a
  farm, or drive across the desert.
• California is the only state in the country where
  you can do so many activities in so many regions.

12
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• A region is an area of land whose features set it
  apart from other areas.
• Geography is all of the land and water features,
  such as mountains, lakes, meadows, and rivers,
  that are found in an area.
• Californias four main regions are the coast, the
  Central Valley, the mountains, and the deserts.

13
Californias Four Main Regions
14
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• The Coast
• The general condition of the weather in an area
  is called its climate.
• On the northern coast, the climate is cool and
  damp.
• The southern coast has little rainfall. The
  sunshine attracts people who want to live in a
  warm climate.

15
Crescent City in northern California
16
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• The Coast
• So many people like the coast region that more
  than half of all Californians live either in the
  Los Angeles area or in the San Francisco Bay
  area.

17
Californias Coastal Mountains
18
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• The Central Valley
• The land in the Central Valley is some of the
  most productive farmland in the world.
• Almost every kind of crop is grown on the farms
  in this valley.
• These crops are shipped all over California, the
  United States, and the world.

19
Californias Central Valley
20
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• The Central Valley
• The climate in the Central Valley is hot and dry
  in the summer and cooler and wetter in the
  winter.
• The winter rains and summer sun make the region
  perfect for growing the 200 different crops
  produced there.

21
Topographical Map of the Great Central Valley
22
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• The Central Valley
• The region get its water from the Sacramento and
  San Joaquin rivers.
• Most of the people who live in the Central Valley
  are farmers or do work connected to farming.

23
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• The Mountains
• Yosemite Valley is one of the most beautiful
  spots in California. There are more waterfalls
  here than in any other place in the world.
• Yosemite is in the Sierra Nevada, an area whose
  name means snowy mountain range in Spanish.

24
John Muirs Sierra Nevada Mountains
25
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• The Mountains
• A mountain range is a long row of mountains.
• Over half of the land in the state is covered
  with mountains.
• The melting snow provides water to farms in the
  Central Valley. People in big cities use this
  water for washing and drinking.

26
Californias Klamath/Cascade Mountains
27
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• The Deserts
• Californias desert region is full of life.
• The two big deserts in the region are the Mojave
  Desert and the Colorado Desert.
• You can fry an egg on a flat rock in the heat of
  summer and freeze a glass of water on a winter
  night.

28
Californias Colorado Desert
29
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• The Deserts
• Cactus plants can stay alive during long dry
  spells by storing moisture in their thick skins.
• One type of desert lizard has a special feature
  like windshield wipers to wipe blowing sand from
  its eyes.
• The tiny bush rabbit never drinks water but gets
  the water it needs from the plants that it eats.

30
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• The Deserts
• The Fort Mojave tribe of Native Americans have
  lived in the desert for thousands of years.
• The Fort Mojave people fish for rainbow trout and
  catfish in the Colorado River.
• They hunt rabbits in the desert and get some of
  their medicine from the desert plants.

31
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Californias Regions

• State fish - the golden trout
• State flower - the golden poppy
• State animal - the California grizzly bear
• State bird - the California valley quail

32
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Californias Resources

• Mount Lassen erupted in a series of explosions
  between 1914 and 1917
• Volcanoes are formed when hot liquids burst
  through a large crack in the earths crust and
  force a hoe in the surface of the earth.
• Earthquakes happen when the sides of the crack
  move and rub against each other. This makes the
  ground tremble and shake.

33
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Californias Resources

• Mining for Californias Resources
• Millions of years ago, much of California was
  under water. In fact, you can still find
  seashells and whale bones on the tops of some of
  Californias highest mountains.

34
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Californias Resources

• Minerals are natural substances usually found by
  digging in the ground.
• California is rich in minerals.
• Each year, the states oilfields pump more than
  365 million barrels of oil.
• Many other minerals, such as gold, copper, iron,
  clay, and borax lie among layers of rock and
  earth in California.

35
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Californias Resources

• Minerals are some of Californias natural
  resources.
• Materials that are found in nature and can be
  used by people are called natural resources.
• People are resources too. They are human
  resources. Everyone who can do a job or service
  is a human resource.

36
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Californias Resources

• Caring for Californias Resources
• Sunshine, soil, and water, are resources that
  help living things grow.
• These living things, including some plants and
  animals are resources too.

37
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Californias Resources

• Trees like the Giant Sequoia, the largest and one
  of the oldest trees on earth, are beautiful to
  look at.
• But trees also provide homes for wildlife like
  birds, deer, beavers, and bears.
• The wood from trees is another natural resource.
  Wood is used for making everything from houses to
  paper to pencils.

38
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Californias Resources

• Another important resource is Californias rich
  farmland.
• Agriculture brings more than 16 billion dollars
  to the state each year.
• This is from fruits and vegetables, dairy
  products, cotton, cattle, nuts, and grain.

39
Oh, California Unit 1 Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Californias Resources

• The Central Valley and the Imperial Valley are
  the two main farming regions.
• Trees, crops, animals, and people all depend on
  one of Californias most important natural
  resources -- water.
• Just as people must save forests for others to
  use and enjoy in the future, they must also take
  care of the water and keep it clean and plentiful.