The Basics of Quality Control for Insect Rearing

1
The Basics of Quality Control for Insect Rearing

• Norman C. Leppla

• University of Florida
• Department of Entomology
• and Nematology

2
Lepplas Career inInsect Rearing

• University of Arizona- Insect Rearing Research,
  2 years
• USDA, ARS- Insectary Management, Florida
  Texas, 17 years
• USDA, APHIS- Methods Development, Washington DC
  International, 7 years
• University of Florida- Integrated Pest
  Management, 10 years

3
Countries of Workshop Students
4
Educational Background
Entomology
Agronomy
PhD
MS
BS
Plant Health
High School
Number of responses
On the Job
5
Maintaining the Quality of Colonized Insects

• Collection of appropriate biotypes
• Colonization and strain development
• Rearing proficiency
• Colony management
• Optimization
• Strain replacement

6
I. Introduction
7
II. A. Purposes for Rearing InsectsII. B. Types
of Insect Rearing SystemsII. C. Options for
Colonizing InsectsII. D. Maintaining the Quality
of Colonized Insects
II. Colony Establishment and Maintenance
8
II. A. Purposes for Rearing Insects
9
(No Transcript)
10
Small Scale Rearing Butterflies
II. B. Types of Insect Rearing Systems
Painted Lady
Monarch
11
Insect Rearing Facilities
Diet Preparation Building
General Rearing Building
12
State-of-the-Art Rearing Rooms
13
Medium-Scale Rearing Lepidoptera
Cabbage Looper
Corn Earworm
14
USDA, ARS Rearing
Keith Halein
Clarence Green
Jack Rye
Bill Fisher
15
USDA, ARS Rearing
Fred Adams
Fred Adams
Steve Carlyle
16
Annie Lorie
Insect rearing is never a boring task insects
are always doing something interesting and pose
new challenges all the time
Punky Rogers
USDA, ARS Rearing
17
Mass Rearing Medfly
Waimanalo, Hawaii
Metapa, Mexico
18
Honolulu, Hawaii
Nori Tanaka
19
II. C. Options for Colonizing Insects
Peter Ebling Insect Producer Database Mgr. Great
Lakes Forestry Centre 1219 Queen St. East Sault
Ste. Marie, ON P6A 2E5 peter.ebling_at_nrcan.gc.ca (7
05) 541-5517
20

• World-wide listing-
• 35 insect 21
• nematode orders
• Data submitted by
• sources
• Searchable
• database
• Expand clients
• Adopt-a-colony

http//www.insect.glfc.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca

21
Field Collecting Cabbage Loopers
22
Continuous Improvement of Insect Rearing
Capability
23
II. D. Maintaining the Quality of Colonized
Insects
24
Specifications- Requirements for a product or
service

• Standards- The level of quality at which a
  specification is written

25
(No Transcript)
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
Bonus Learning How to Rear High Quality Insects

• Apprentice in an insectary
• Network with other professionals
• Literature plus trial-and-error
• Visit other insectaries
• Reviews by experts
• Education and Training programs

29
(No Transcript)
30
First Training Program for Insectary Managers

• Rearing Theory- Dietetics and nutrition,
  laboratory colonization, production, problems
  solutions, quality assessment
• performance, future of insect rearing as a
  scientific discipline
• Rearing Practical- Biology, colony
  maintenance, production management
• Insectary Management- Insect rearing management
  concept (IRM), planning,
• staff management

31
Insect Diet Rearing Research, LLC

• Rearing news
• Research
• Consultation
• Educational programs
• Quality control
• Custom workshops

http//www.insectdiets.com
32
III. A. Quality Control Criteria and
Standardized Tests III. B. Sampling for
Consistent QualityIII. C. Production,
Process and Product Control
III. Monitoring Quality
33
III. A. Quality Control Criteria and Standardized
Tests

• Quantity- Number of Pupae/Adults
• Size- Weight of Pupae
• Fecundity- Oviposition and Egg Hatch
• Rate of Development- Synchronization
• Adult Behavior- Flight, Longevity
• Field Performance- Achieve Purpose

34
(No Transcript)
35
III. B. Sampling for Consistent Quality

• Count Measurement (X)
• Mean Sum/Number of Counts (X)
• Variance Sum of Counts - X2 (V)
• Standard Deviation Square Root of V (S)

36
(No Transcript)
37
III. C. Production, Process and Product Control
38
IV. A. Structured Diagnostic
ProceduresIV. B. Quality Control versus
Methods ImprovementIV. C. Periodic Review
versus Crisis Review
IV. Evaluation and Management
39
IV. A. Structured Diagnostic Procedures
40
IV. B. Quality Control versus Methods Improvement

• Quality Control
• Monitor indicator variables
• Evaluate multiple variables
• Troubleshoot using QC data
• Conduct evaluations rapidly
• Goal is to restore stable production
• Methods Improvement
• Conduct evaluations methodically
• Test one variable at a time
• Use controlled experiments
• Test results in the production system
• Goal is to optimize production

41
IV. C. Periodic Review versus Crisis Review

• Terms of reference
• Preparation
• Seek to understand
• Clarify
• Reflect
• Report
• Feedback

42
V. Guidelines for Quality Systems

• Policy, Planning and Administration
• Design Assurance and Change Control
• Control of Purchased Materials
• Production Quality Control
• User Contact and Field Performance
• Corrective Action
• Employees- Select, Train and Motivate

43
Global Quality Control Programs

• Individual CompaniesCustomers
• International StandardsISO 9000 ASTM IOBC
  Guidelines
• The Marketplace Quality Products

44
to facilitate and advance cost-effective rearing
of high quality insects and other arthropods in
support of biological control and integrated pest
management
http//www.amrqc.org
45
Workshops of the IOBC, WGQC (AMRQC)

• 1982 Gainesville, Florida E. F. Boller and D. L.
  Chambers
• 1984 Wadenswil, Switzerland E. F. Boller and D.
  L. Chambers
• 1986 Guatemala City, Guatemala C. 0. Calkins
• 1988 Vancouver, Canada C. 0. Calkins
• 1991 Wageningen, Netherlands F. Bigler and J. C.
  van Lenteren
• 1992 Horsholm, Denmark F. Bigler
• 1993 Rimini, Italy M. Benuzzi and N. C. Leppla
• 1995 Santa Barbara, California R. F. Luck and N.
  C. Leppla
• 1998 Cali, Colombia N. C. Leppla and T. R.
  Ashley
• 2003 Montpellier, France P. De Clercq, S.
  Grenier and N. C. Leppla
• 2007 Montreal, Canada S. Grenier and
  C. S. Glenister
• 2010 Vienna, Austria P. De Clercq and T. A.
  Coudron

46
Improving Male Fruit Fly Performance

• Abiotic environment
• Holding Conditions
• Release methods (knockdown, handling)
• Biotic environment
• Juvenile hormone (Methoprine, fenoxycarb)
• Nutrients (sucrose, protein)
• Semiochemicals (methyl eugenol, citrus oil)

Insect Pest Control (IPC)
Model Business Plan for a Sterile Insect
Production Facility
http//www-naweb.iaea.org/nafa/ipc/index.
47
VI. Total Quality Management
48
(No Transcript)
49
Total Quality Management in Insect Rearing
50
Lepplas Insect Rearing Quality Control References

• Leppla, N. C. 2008. The basics of quality control
  for insect rearing. In Principles and
  Procedures for Rearing Quality Insects.
  Mississippi State University.
• Leppla, N. C. 2004. The Basics of Insect Rearing.
  Encyclopedia of Entomology.
• Leppla, N. C. 2003. Guidelines for quality
  control of commercially produced natural
  enemies. In Quality Control and Production of
  Biological Control Agents, Theory and Testing
  Proc.
• Leppla, N. C. 2002. Rearing of Insects.
  Encyclopedia of Insects.

51
For more information or a copy of this
presentation please visit http//ipm.ifas.ufl.ed
u Extension Resources, Presentations