Session 58 The Future of eInfrastructure Introduction

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Session 58The Future of e-InfrastructureIntroduc
tion Green Computing
18 July 2008

• Malcolm Atkinson

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Announcements

• Receipts now in Hotel pigeon holes
• Check your Departure Plan
• Dont miss your bus
• Those leaving on Friday
• Move out of your room by 1100
• Luggage room next to childrens playroom

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Friday Morning Schedule

• 0900 Introduction Green Grids
• Malcolm Atkinson
• 0930 European Grid Initiative
• Dieter Kranzlmüller
• 1000 Plans for European extreme computing
• Peter Kunszt
• 1030 Services for everyday science
• Dave De Roure
• 1100 Break
• You must be out of your room if you leave on
  Friday
• 1120 Farewell Session
• Malcolm Atkinson, David Fergusson Gergely Sipos
• 1200 Depart (no lunch)

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Overview

• The impact of Computing Storage
• On the environment
• Energy consumption
• Heat emissions
• Green grids?
• Research topics

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Power will cost more than hardware

• Lifetime of a disk 5years (warranty)
• Power consumption of 1PB in 5 years 2.2MWh very
  high carbon footprint
• Cost 500000 (asopposed to 350000 last year)

Peter Kunszt, CSCS
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• Benchmarks and Labelling

Slide from BCS DCSG
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Technology Power Loss ChainFossil Fuel CPU
Used
Slide from BCS DCSG
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Fresh Air Cooling
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Environmental Impact
Based on a P4 3GHz PC with 512MB RAM

• Makes sound environmental sense
• Hibernate saves 650Kg CO2 per year
• Condor 325Kg CO2 per year (max)
• Dedicated 1,625Kg CO2 per year
• Condor is 5 times greener

Cardiff slides from James Osborne, High-Throughput
Computing Week NeSC, 27-30 November 2008
Saving of Hibernate Cost of 100W Electricity
(Idle State) for 16 Hours out of 24 Cost of
Condor Cost of 150W Electricity (Condor State)
Cost of 100W Electricity (Idle State) Cost of
Dedicated Cost of 150W Electricity (Condor
State) Cost of 100W Electricity (Air Con)
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Data Centres and HPC Centres
Need 2xProcessing Capacity per annum Target
60 Energy Reduction from 1990 levels by 2050
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Energy efficiency and research computingRUGIT
Away Day, 24th Jan 2008

• Dave Berry
• Deputy Director, NeSC
• Technology Lead, Grid Computing Now!
• daveb_at_nesc.ac.uk

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Various Global Warming Phenomena

• Not just yet another of Al Gores inventions
• CO2 emission increase critical
• Polar ice cap meltdown, environmental disasters,
  food shortages, pandemics
• Harsh emission targets, utmost social directive

Entire country of Tuval to submerge by 2100
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An inconvenient truth- ICT impact on CO2
emissions

• It is estimated that the ICT industry alone
  produces CO2 emissions that is equivalent to the
  carbon output of the entire aviation industry.
• ICT emissions growth fastest of any sector in
  society, especially at universities due to new
  cyber-infrastructure, Internet, etc
• One small computer server generates as much
  carbon dioxide as a SUV with a fuel efficiency of
  15 miles per gallon
• Nearly 40 of servers at universities are under
  utilized by more than 50.

An Inefficient Truth http//www.globalactionplan
.org.uk/event_detail.aspx?eid2696e0e0-28fe-4121-b
d36-3670c02eda49
Slide from Bill St. Arnaud talk at MG08
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Zero Carbon Strategy for Cyber-infrastructure

• More efficient computers and network equipment
• Marginal gains
• Jevons paradox
• Virtualization of computer and networks and
  relocated to zero carbon data centers
• Deployment of zero carbon data centers at
  remote renewable energy sites linked by optical
  networks
• New network and computer architectures that take
  advantage of remote zero carbon data centers

Slide from Bill St. Arnaud talk at MG08
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Grid in a Box at windmill

• tidal
• wave
• geothermal

Source www.Bastionhost.com
Slide from Bill St. Arnaud talk at MG08
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Next Generation Internet to reduce Global Warming

• Major Canadian initiative
• Any future internet network, project, program or
  application must have as its primary objective of
  a zero carbon footprint
• Incremental energy efficiency improvements on
  existing technology is not sufficient. Radical
  changes in Internet architecture and applications
  are needed
• Zero carbon condition applies to
• all optical, wireless and last mile networks
• all routers, switches, and web servers
• all cyber-infrastructure, HPC computers
• and all customer devices such as PCs, mobile
  phones, PDAs etc

Slide from Bill St. Arnaud talk at MG08
http//www.mardigrasconference.org/slides/dpa-st-a
rnaud.pdf
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Solar Compute Tile Tiled

• As a modular building surface material
• Just plaster them together

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How much can a house compute?

• Standard house 500m2 surface area
• Assume 20 efficiency 100m2 efffective
• 2 TeraFlops / house ?

(A Building in Austin, TX)
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Slide from Satoshi Matsuoka talk at MG08
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Questions
Photo Dave Mitchell

• What is the Carbon footprint of yourcomputing?
• More harm than good?
• What will havevanished in 10 years
• What will havegrown drammatically?
• What are the two most important
  researchchallenges?

South Oxford on January 5th, 2003